Araştırma Makalesi
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During COVID-19 Pandemic Process the Relationship of Mothers with Their Children and Prevention Levels for Home Accidents

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 359 - 371, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.935132

Öz

The purpose of the study is to determine whether there is a relationship between the level of defining the security measures taken by mothers to prevent home accidents during the pandemic process and the quality of the parent-child relationship. In addition, it was also examined whether it was related to the education level and employment status of the mothers. The research was created with a quantitative research design and was carried out using the correlation research method, one of the quantitative research methods. At the same time, results using descriptive research techniques are also included. In the study, the "Scale for Mother’s Identification of Safety Measures Against Home Accidents for Children of 0-6 Years Age Group" and the "Parent-Child Relationship Scale" were used as data collection tools. 80 mothers participated in the study. During the pandemic process, the security measures taken by mothers to prevent home accidents were determined to be high. Relationship levels of mothers with their children during the pandemic process were also determined to be high. There was no significant relationship between the level of defining the safety measures taken by mothers to prevent home accidents and the quality of the parent-child relationship. It was found that there is a medium, negative, and significant relationship between the education level of the mothers and the mother-child relationship. It was determined that there was no significant relationship between the working status of mothers and the level of defining the safety measures they took to prevent home accidents and the quality of the parent-child relationship. As a result of the research, it can be stated that the relationship of mothers with their children and the safety importance they take were determined at a high level, that the possible long-term negative effects may not be or may be at a lower level for the mothers and their children in the study group.

Kaynakça

  • ALTUNTAŞ, M., KAYA, M., DEMIR, S., OYMAN, G., METECAN, A., & RASTGEL, H. (2013). 0-14 yaş arası çocuklarda önlenebilir nitelikteki kazaların belirlenmesi ve ilişkili tedbirlerin alınması. Smyrna Tıp Dergisi, 1, 28-33.
  • AYTAÇ, A. B., ÇEN, S., & YÜCEOL, G. P. (2018). Ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkisi ölçeği geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 25(3), 209-221.
  • BAHADIR, G. B., ORAL, A., & GÜVEN, A. (2011). Çocukluk çağı travmaları ve önlenmesinde koruyucu hekimliğin rolü. TAF Prev Med Bull, 10, 243−50.
  • BATE, J., & MALBERG, N. (2020). Containing the anxieties of children, parents and families from a distance during the coronavirus pandemic. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10879-020-09466-4
  • BAVA, S., COFFEY, E. P., WEINGARTEN, K., & BECKER, C. (2010). Lessons in collaboration, four years post-Katrina. Family Process, 49(4), 543–558. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2010.01339.x
  • BOKSZCZANIN, A. (2008). Parental support, family conflict, and overprotectiveness: Predicting PTSD symptom levels of adolescents 28 months after a natural disaster. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 21(4), 325–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800801950584
  • BONANNO, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American Psychologist, 59, 20–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.59.1.20
  • BONANNO, G. A., GALEA, S., BUCCIARELLI, A., & VLAHOV, D. (2007). What predicts psychological resilience after disaster? The role of demographics, resources, and life stress. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75, 671–682. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.75.5.671
  • BROCK, R. L., & LAIFER, L. M. (2020). Family science in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Solutions and new directions. Family Process, 59(3), 1007–1017. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12582
  • COBHAM, V. E., & MCDERMOTT, B. (2014). Perceived parenting change and child posttraumatic stress following a natural disaster. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 24(1), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2013.0051
  • CONRAD-HIEBNER, A., & BYRAM, E. (2020). The temporal impact of economic insecurity on child maltreatment: A systematic review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 21(1), 157–178. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838018756122.
  • ÇAPIK, C., & GÜROL, A. P. (2014). Effect of education on mothers' capability of identification of safety precautions of home accidents. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, (3), 87-94.
  • ÇINAR, N., & GÖRAK, G. (2003). 0-6 yaş çocuklarda annenin ev kazalarına yönelik güvenlik önlemlerini tanılama ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Çocuk Formu, 6(1), 22-27.
  • EPSTEIN, I. (2008). The Greenwood Encyclopedia of children's issues worldwide. Greenwood Publishing Group.
  • ERDEM, S. S., BOLU, F. & MAYDA, A .S. (2017). Annelerin ev kazalarına yönelik güvenlik önlemlerinin tanımlanması. Konuralp Medical Journal/Konuralp Tıp Dergisi, 9(2), 40-46.
  • ERKAL, S., & ŞAFAK, Ş. (2006). Determination of risks of home accidents for the 0–6 age group in the Tuzluçayır Village Clinic neighborhood. Turk J Pediatr, 48, 56–62.
  • FINKENAUER, C., WILLEMS, Y. E., WEISE, M. & BARTELS, M. (2019). The social context of adolescent relationships. In T. Burns & F. Gottschalk (Eds.), Educating 21st century children: Emotional well-being in the digital age. OECD.
  • FRANZ, A. O., & MCKINNEY, C. (2018). Parental and child psychopathology: moderated mediation by gender and parent–child relationship quality. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 49(6), 843-852.
  • GUTMAN, L. M., & FEINSTEIN, L. (2010). Parenting behaviours and children’s development from ınfancy to early childhood: changes, continuities and contributions. Early Child Development and Care, 180(4), 535–556.
  • HADEED, J. (2005). Poverty begins at home: The mother-child education programme (MOCEP) in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Peter Lang.
  • HARVILLE, E. W., TAYLOR, C. A., TESFAI, H., XIONG, X., & BUEKENS, P. (2011). Experience of hurricane katrina and reported intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(4), 833–845. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260510365861
  • HETHERINGTON, E. M., & CLINGEMPEEL, W. G. (1992). I. Coping with marital transitions: A family systems perspective. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 57, 1–207.
  • KAĞITÇIBAŞI, C., SUNAR, D., BEKMAN, S., BAYDAR, N., & CEMALCILAR, Z. (2009). Continuing effects of early enrichment in adult life: The Turkish Early Enrichment Project 22 years later. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 30(6), 764-779.
  • KARASAR, N. (2009). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  • KATZ, L. F., & GOTTMAN, J. M. (1996). Spillover efects of marital confict: In search of parenting coparenting mechanisms. In: McHale JP, Cowan PA (eds) Understanding how family-level dynamics afect children’s development: studies of two-parent families. San Francisco: JosseyBass.
  • KOSTELNIK, M., SODERMAN, A. K., & WHIREN, A. P. (2004). Developmentally appropriate curriculum best practices in early childhood education. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc.
  • LAZZERINI, M., BARBI, E., & APICELLA, A. (2020). Delayed access or provision of care in Italy resulting from fear of COVID-19. Lancet Child Adolesc Health, 4, 10–11.
  • MASTEN, A. S., & MOTTI-STEFANIDI, F. (2020). Multisystem resilience for children and youth in disaster: Reflections in the context of COVID-19. Adversity and Resilience Science, 1, 95–106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42844-020-00010-w
  • MASTEN, A. S., HUBBARD, J. J., GEST, S. D., TELLEGEN, A., GARMEZY, N., & RAMIREZ, M. (1999). Competence in the context of adversity: Pathways to resilience and maladaptation from childhood to late adolescence. Development and Psychopathology, 11(1), 143–169. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579499001996
  • MCDERMOTT, B. M., & COBHAM, V. E. (2012). Family functioning in the aftermath of a natural disaster. BMC Psychiatry, 12, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-12-55
  • NELSON, J. A., O’BRIEN, M., BLANKSON, A. N., CALKINS, S. D., & KEANE, S. P. (2009) Family stress and parental responses to children’s negative emotions: Tests of the spillover, crossover, and compensatory hypotheses. J Fam Psychol 23(5), 671–679. https://doi. org/10.1037/a0015977
  • NORTH, C. S. (2016). Disaster mental health epidemiology: methodological review and interpretation of research findings. Psychiatry Interpers Biol Processes 79, 130–146.
  • PARK, C. L., RUSSELL, B. S., FENDRICH, M., FINKELSTEIN-FOX, L., HUTCHISON, M., & BECKER, J. (2020). Americans’ Covid-19 stress, coping, and adherence to CDC guidelines. J Gen Int Med, 35(8), 2296-2303. https://doi. org/10.1007/s11606-020-05898-9
  • PRIME, H., BROWNE, D. T., & WADE, M. (2020). Risk and resilience in family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The American Psychologist, 75(5), 631–643. https://doi.org/10.1037/ amp00006660
  • RUNYAN, C. W., CASTEEL, C. & PERKIS, D. (2005). Unintentional injuries in the home in the United States: Part I: Mortality. Am J Prev Med, 28, 73−79.
  • RUSSELL, H., & THORNTON, M. (2009). Parental employment and child outcomes at 9 years. National longitudinal study of children. https://www.growingup.ie/pubs/Session-F.-Impact-of-Parental-Employment-Patterns-on-Childrens-Wellbeing.pdf Retrieved on January 29, 2021
  • SCHENCK-FONTAINE, A., GASSMAN-PINES, A., GIBSON-DAVIS, C. M., & ANANAT, E. O. (2017). Local job losses and child maltreatment: The importance of community context. Social Service Review, 91(2), 233–263. https://doi.org/10.1086/692075.
  • TURAN, T., ALTUNDAĞ DÜNDAR, S., YORGANCI, M., & YILDIRIM, Z. (2010). 0-6 yaş grubu çocuklarda ev kazalarının önlenmesi. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Dergisi, 16, 552−557.
  • TÜRKIYE İSTATISTIK KURUMU. (2018). İstatistiklerle çocuk 2018. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/yayin/views/visitorPages/index.zul. Erişim Tarihi 12.04.2020
  • ÜÇÜNCÜ, M., ÜÇÜNCÜ, M., & TOPRAK, D. (2019). 0-6 yaş grubu çocuğu olan annelerin ev kazaları ve korunma yolları konusundaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışları ile sosyodemografik özelliklerin buna etkisi. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 82(4), 219-228.
  • VINER, R. M., RUSSELL, S. J. & CROKER, H. (2020). School closure and management practices during coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19: a rapid systematic review. Lancet Child Adolesc Health, 4, 397–404.
  • WALSH, F. (2020). Loss and resilience in the time of COVID‐19: Meaning making, hope, and transcendence. Family Process, 59(3), 898–911. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12588
  • YAVUZER, H. (2010). Ana-baba ve çocuk. ˙İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • YORULMAZ, D., & HISAR, F. (2020). Kırsal bölgede 0-6 yaş çocuğu olan annelerin ev kazalarına yönelik aldıkları güvenlik önlemleri. Sağlık ve Toplum, 20(3), 103-109.
  • ZHANG, X., & CHEN, H. (2010). Reciprocal Influences between parents’ perceptions of mother– child and father – child relatipnships: A short – term longitudinal study in Chinese preschoolers. The Journal Of Genetic Psychology, 171, 22–23.

COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Annelerin Çocuklarıyla İlişkisi ve Ev Kazalarına Yönelik Tedbir Düzeyleri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 359 - 371, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.935132

Öz

Araştırmanın amacı, pandemi sürecinde annelerin ev kazalarının önlenmesine yönelik aldıkları güvenlik önlemlerini tanımlama düzeyleriyle, ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisinin niteliği arasında ilişki olup olmadığının, ayrıca ilişki varsa bu ilişki düzeyine annelerin eğitim düzeyi ve çalışma durumlarının etkisinin ne düzeyde olduğunun incelenmesidir. Araştırma, nicel araştırma deseniyle oluşturulmuş ve korelasyon araştırması yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aynı zamanda betimsel araştırma tekniklerinin kullanıldığı sonuçlara da yer verilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “0–6 Yaş Çocuklarda Annenin Ev Kazalarına Yönelik Güvenlik Önlemlerini Tanımlama Ölçeği” ile “Ebeveyn-Çocuk İlişkisi Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya 80 anne katılmıştır. Pandemi sürecinde annelerin ev kazalarının önlenmesine yönelik aldıkları güvenlik önlemleri düzeylerinin yüksek olarak belirlenmiştir. Pandemi sürecinde annelerin çocuklarıyla olan ilişki düzeyleri de ilişkinin niteliği de yüksek olarak belirlenmiştir. Annelerin ev kazalarının önlenmesine yönelik aldıkları güvenlik önlemlerini tanımlama düzeyleriyle ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisinin niteliği arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunamamıştır. Annelerin eğitim düzeyleriyle anne-çocuk ilişkisi arasında orta seviyede, negatif ve anlamlı ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur. Annelerin çalışma durumlarıyla ev kazalarının önlenmesine yönelik aldıkları güvenlik önlemlerini tanımlama düzeyleri ve ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisinin niteliği arasında anlamlı ilişki olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda annelerin çocuklarıyla ilişkisi ve aldıkları güvenlik önemlerinin yüksek düzeyde tespit edilmiş olması, muhtemel uzun vadeli olumsuz etkilerin çalışma yapılan gruptaki anneler ve çocukları için olmayabileceği ya da daha az düzeyde olabileceği şeklinde ifade edilebilir.

Kaynakça

  • ALTUNTAŞ, M., KAYA, M., DEMIR, S., OYMAN, G., METECAN, A., & RASTGEL, H. (2013). 0-14 yaş arası çocuklarda önlenebilir nitelikteki kazaların belirlenmesi ve ilişkili tedbirlerin alınması. Smyrna Tıp Dergisi, 1, 28-33.
  • AYTAÇ, A. B., ÇEN, S., & YÜCEOL, G. P. (2018). Ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkisi ölçeği geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 25(3), 209-221.
  • BAHADIR, G. B., ORAL, A., & GÜVEN, A. (2011). Çocukluk çağı travmaları ve önlenmesinde koruyucu hekimliğin rolü. TAF Prev Med Bull, 10, 243−50.
  • BATE, J., & MALBERG, N. (2020). Containing the anxieties of children, parents and families from a distance during the coronavirus pandemic. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10879-020-09466-4
  • BAVA, S., COFFEY, E. P., WEINGARTEN, K., & BECKER, C. (2010). Lessons in collaboration, four years post-Katrina. Family Process, 49(4), 543–558. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2010.01339.x
  • BOKSZCZANIN, A. (2008). Parental support, family conflict, and overprotectiveness: Predicting PTSD symptom levels of adolescents 28 months after a natural disaster. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 21(4), 325–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800801950584
  • BONANNO, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American Psychologist, 59, 20–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.59.1.20
  • BONANNO, G. A., GALEA, S., BUCCIARELLI, A., & VLAHOV, D. (2007). What predicts psychological resilience after disaster? The role of demographics, resources, and life stress. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75, 671–682. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.75.5.671
  • BROCK, R. L., & LAIFER, L. M. (2020). Family science in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Solutions and new directions. Family Process, 59(3), 1007–1017. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12582
  • COBHAM, V. E., & MCDERMOTT, B. (2014). Perceived parenting change and child posttraumatic stress following a natural disaster. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 24(1), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2013.0051
  • CONRAD-HIEBNER, A., & BYRAM, E. (2020). The temporal impact of economic insecurity on child maltreatment: A systematic review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 21(1), 157–178. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838018756122.
  • ÇAPIK, C., & GÜROL, A. P. (2014). Effect of education on mothers' capability of identification of safety precautions of home accidents. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, (3), 87-94.
  • ÇINAR, N., & GÖRAK, G. (2003). 0-6 yaş çocuklarda annenin ev kazalarına yönelik güvenlik önlemlerini tanılama ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Çocuk Formu, 6(1), 22-27.
  • EPSTEIN, I. (2008). The Greenwood Encyclopedia of children's issues worldwide. Greenwood Publishing Group.
  • ERDEM, S. S., BOLU, F. & MAYDA, A .S. (2017). Annelerin ev kazalarına yönelik güvenlik önlemlerinin tanımlanması. Konuralp Medical Journal/Konuralp Tıp Dergisi, 9(2), 40-46.
  • ERKAL, S., & ŞAFAK, Ş. (2006). Determination of risks of home accidents for the 0–6 age group in the Tuzluçayır Village Clinic neighborhood. Turk J Pediatr, 48, 56–62.
  • FINKENAUER, C., WILLEMS, Y. E., WEISE, M. & BARTELS, M. (2019). The social context of adolescent relationships. In T. Burns & F. Gottschalk (Eds.), Educating 21st century children: Emotional well-being in the digital age. OECD.
  • FRANZ, A. O., & MCKINNEY, C. (2018). Parental and child psychopathology: moderated mediation by gender and parent–child relationship quality. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 49(6), 843-852.
  • GUTMAN, L. M., & FEINSTEIN, L. (2010). Parenting behaviours and children’s development from ınfancy to early childhood: changes, continuities and contributions. Early Child Development and Care, 180(4), 535–556.
  • HADEED, J. (2005). Poverty begins at home: The mother-child education programme (MOCEP) in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Peter Lang.
  • HARVILLE, E. W., TAYLOR, C. A., TESFAI, H., XIONG, X., & BUEKENS, P. (2011). Experience of hurricane katrina and reported intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(4), 833–845. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260510365861
  • HETHERINGTON, E. M., & CLINGEMPEEL, W. G. (1992). I. Coping with marital transitions: A family systems perspective. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 57, 1–207.
  • KAĞITÇIBAŞI, C., SUNAR, D., BEKMAN, S., BAYDAR, N., & CEMALCILAR, Z. (2009). Continuing effects of early enrichment in adult life: The Turkish Early Enrichment Project 22 years later. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 30(6), 764-779.
  • KARASAR, N. (2009). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  • KATZ, L. F., & GOTTMAN, J. M. (1996). Spillover efects of marital confict: In search of parenting coparenting mechanisms. In: McHale JP, Cowan PA (eds) Understanding how family-level dynamics afect children’s development: studies of two-parent families. San Francisco: JosseyBass.
  • KOSTELNIK, M., SODERMAN, A. K., & WHIREN, A. P. (2004). Developmentally appropriate curriculum best practices in early childhood education. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc.
  • LAZZERINI, M., BARBI, E., & APICELLA, A. (2020). Delayed access or provision of care in Italy resulting from fear of COVID-19. Lancet Child Adolesc Health, 4, 10–11.
  • MASTEN, A. S., & MOTTI-STEFANIDI, F. (2020). Multisystem resilience for children and youth in disaster: Reflections in the context of COVID-19. Adversity and Resilience Science, 1, 95–106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42844-020-00010-w
  • MASTEN, A. S., HUBBARD, J. J., GEST, S. D., TELLEGEN, A., GARMEZY, N., & RAMIREZ, M. (1999). Competence in the context of adversity: Pathways to resilience and maladaptation from childhood to late adolescence. Development and Psychopathology, 11(1), 143–169. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579499001996
  • MCDERMOTT, B. M., & COBHAM, V. E. (2012). Family functioning in the aftermath of a natural disaster. BMC Psychiatry, 12, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-12-55
  • NELSON, J. A., O’BRIEN, M., BLANKSON, A. N., CALKINS, S. D., & KEANE, S. P. (2009) Family stress and parental responses to children’s negative emotions: Tests of the spillover, crossover, and compensatory hypotheses. J Fam Psychol 23(5), 671–679. https://doi. org/10.1037/a0015977
  • NORTH, C. S. (2016). Disaster mental health epidemiology: methodological review and interpretation of research findings. Psychiatry Interpers Biol Processes 79, 130–146.
  • PARK, C. L., RUSSELL, B. S., FENDRICH, M., FINKELSTEIN-FOX, L., HUTCHISON, M., & BECKER, J. (2020). Americans’ Covid-19 stress, coping, and adherence to CDC guidelines. J Gen Int Med, 35(8), 2296-2303. https://doi. org/10.1007/s11606-020-05898-9
  • PRIME, H., BROWNE, D. T., & WADE, M. (2020). Risk and resilience in family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The American Psychologist, 75(5), 631–643. https://doi.org/10.1037/ amp00006660
  • RUNYAN, C. W., CASTEEL, C. & PERKIS, D. (2005). Unintentional injuries in the home in the United States: Part I: Mortality. Am J Prev Med, 28, 73−79.
  • RUSSELL, H., & THORNTON, M. (2009). Parental employment and child outcomes at 9 years. National longitudinal study of children. https://www.growingup.ie/pubs/Session-F.-Impact-of-Parental-Employment-Patterns-on-Childrens-Wellbeing.pdf Retrieved on January 29, 2021
  • SCHENCK-FONTAINE, A., GASSMAN-PINES, A., GIBSON-DAVIS, C. M., & ANANAT, E. O. (2017). Local job losses and child maltreatment: The importance of community context. Social Service Review, 91(2), 233–263. https://doi.org/10.1086/692075.
  • TURAN, T., ALTUNDAĞ DÜNDAR, S., YORGANCI, M., & YILDIRIM, Z. (2010). 0-6 yaş grubu çocuklarda ev kazalarının önlenmesi. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Dergisi, 16, 552−557.
  • TÜRKIYE İSTATISTIK KURUMU. (2018). İstatistiklerle çocuk 2018. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/yayin/views/visitorPages/index.zul. Erişim Tarihi 12.04.2020
  • ÜÇÜNCÜ, M., ÜÇÜNCÜ, M., & TOPRAK, D. (2019). 0-6 yaş grubu çocuğu olan annelerin ev kazaları ve korunma yolları konusundaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışları ile sosyodemografik özelliklerin buna etkisi. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 82(4), 219-228.
  • VINER, R. M., RUSSELL, S. J. & CROKER, H. (2020). School closure and management practices during coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19: a rapid systematic review. Lancet Child Adolesc Health, 4, 397–404.
  • WALSH, F. (2020). Loss and resilience in the time of COVID‐19: Meaning making, hope, and transcendence. Family Process, 59(3), 898–911. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12588
  • YAVUZER, H. (2010). Ana-baba ve çocuk. ˙İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • YORULMAZ, D., & HISAR, F. (2020). Kırsal bölgede 0-6 yaş çocuğu olan annelerin ev kazalarına yönelik aldıkları güvenlik önlemleri. Sağlık ve Toplum, 20(3), 103-109.
  • ZHANG, X., & CHEN, H. (2010). Reciprocal Influences between parents’ perceptions of mother– child and father – child relatipnships: A short – term longitudinal study in Chinese preschoolers. The Journal Of Genetic Psychology, 171, 22–23.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Alev Üstündağ 0000-0001-5832-6810

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2023
Kabul Tarihi 14 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Üstündağ, A. (2023). COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Annelerin Çocuklarıyla İlişkisi ve Ev Kazalarına Yönelik Tedbir Düzeyleri. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1), 359-371. https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.935132

Creative Commons Lisansı
İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.