Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Settlement Mechanism In Competition Law

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 81 Sayı: 1, 21 - 79, 31.05.2023

Deniz Tanlı

https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2023.81.1.0006

Öz

Pursuant to Law No. 7246, the amendments to Law No. 4054 on the Protection of Competition introduced the settlement mechanism to Turkish competition law. These same amendments stipulate that the procedures and principles regarding the settlement mechanism are to be determined by regulation issued by the Turkish Competition Board. The Regulation on the Settlement Procedure Applicable in Investigations on Agreements, Concerted Practices and Decisions Restricting Competition and Abuses of Dominant Position was prepared by the Turkish Competition Board regarding this duty and was entered into force upon being published in the Official Gazette on July 15, 2021. The enactment of this regulation fulfilled the three points (i.e., de minimis, commitments, and settlement) as envisaged by the amendments. The aim of this article is to examine all aspects of the settlement mechanism, which is a new institution for Turkish competition law. In this context, the article’s first section provides general explanations about settlement in competition law and discusses the concept of hybrid settlement. The second explains in order all the phases of the settlement procedure as designed in the Settlement Regulation and draws attention to problems that may arise at first glance. While doing so, the article also mentions the differences between the Draft Settlement Regulation, which had been previously opened up to public opinion. This same section also examines settlement decisions that have been rendered by the Turkish Competition Board. The third section goes on to explain the established practices in the European Union competition law using statistical data and also comparatively examines the regulations regarding settlements. From this point of view, the article makes various assumptions regarding Turkish competition law. The fourth section discusses the relationship between the settling and non-settling parties, one of the most vital issues related to the settlement mechanism. The fifth section then evaluates the consequences of the settlement mechanism from the perspective of private law.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Settlement Regulations European Union Competition Law Türkiye Settlement

Kaynakça

  • An MH, Aygün E ve Kekevi G, ‘Rekabet Hukukunda Taahhüt ve Uzlaşma’ (2009) (Rekabet Hukukunda Güncel Gelişmeler Sempozyumu-VII) 229-294. <https://www.rekabet.gov.tr/Dosya/etkinlik-yayinlari/24-pdf> google scholar
  • Akyazan AE, ‘Maddî Açıdan Hukuki İşlemler’ (2009) Sayı 85 (TBB Dergisi) 220-240. google scholar
  • Angeli C, ‘General Court judgment on European Commission’s settlement procedure’ (Norton Rose Fulbright, July 2017). <https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/en-tr/knowledge/publications/c93369ca/general-court-judgment-on-european-commissions-settlement-procedure> google scholar
  • Bellis J-F, ‘General Overview of the EU Cartel Settlement Procedure’ (Competition Policy International, 10 March 2015). <https://www.competitionpolicyinternational.com/general-overview-of-the-european-settlement-procedure/> google scholar
  • Bryant C and Wylie C, ‘Société Générale EURIBOR cartel fine reduction highlights right to appeal in settlement cases’ (Lexology, April 8 2016). <https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=4fce53ce-938f-4bd2-b813-aaa43b82839c> google scholar
  • Datema M, Leitch A and Coulson E, ‘Cartel Settlements: Facilitating Damages Claims But Hybrid Cases Remain Unsettling’ (Competition Policy International, January 2021). www.competitionpolicyinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Cartel-Column-January-2021.pdf> google scholar
  • Dekeyser K and Roques C, ‘The European Commission’s Settlement Procedure in Cartel Cases’ (2010) Vol. 55, No. 4/Winter (The Antitrust Bulletin) 819-842. google scholar
  • Dunne A, ‘Hybrid Cases Under the EU Cartel Settlement Procedure: The Individuality in Collective Infringement’ (2015) Vol. 6, No. 1 (The King’s Student Law Review) 38-56. google scholar
  • Dursun S, ‘İdari İşlemlerin Geri Alınması, Kaldırılması, Değiştirilmesi ve Düzeltilmesi’ (2005) (Prof. Dr. A. Şeref Gözübüyük’e Armağan) 99-109. google scholar
  • Ersoy Ç ve Kekevi G, ‘AB ve Türk Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma’ in Kerem Cem Sanlı (ed), Rekabetin Korunması Hakkında Kanun’da Yapılan 2020 Yılı Değişiklikleri: Nedenleri, Kapsamı ve Olası Etkileri (On İki Levha 2022) 293-315. google scholar
  • Ghiorghies M and Robinson J, ‘Appealing a settlement: can you have your cake and eat it?’ (Lexology, 16 March 2017).<https://www.lexology.com/commentary/competition-antitrust/european-union/baker-mckenzie/appealing-a-settlement-can-you-have-your-cake-and-eat-it> google scholar
  • Gözübüyük AŞ ve Tan T, İdare Hukuku Cilt I Genel Esaslar (Güncelleştirilmiş 11. Bası, Turhan Kitabevi 2016). google scholar
  • Gözübüyük AŞ ve Tan T, İdare Hukuku Cilt II İdari Yargılama Hukuku (Güncelleştirilmiş 9. Bası, Turhan Kitabevi 2017). google scholar
  • Gürkaynak G, ‘Unchartered Territories: A Comparative Study of the Newly Introduced Commitment and Settlement Mechanisms of Turkish Competition Law with the European Union Competition Law’ <https://www.gurkaynak.av.tr/docs/29065-unchartered-territories_a-comparative-study-of-the-newly-introduced-commitment-and-settlement-mechanisms-of-turkish-competition-law-with-the-european-union-competition-law.pdf> google scholar
  • Heegde A, ‘The new cooperation procedure in EU competition law for non-cartel cases’ <https://konkurransetilsynet.no/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Annemarie-Ter-Heegde.pdf> google scholar
  • Hellwig M and Hüschelrath K, ‘Cartel Cases and the Cartel Enforcement Process in the European Union 2001-2015: A Quantitative Assessment’ (2017) Vol. 62(2) (The Antitrust Bulletin) 400438. google scholar İnce E ve Ünübol N, ‘Uzlaşma: Belirsizliğe Yolculuk’ (2015) 16(4) (Rekabet Dergisi) 27-73. <https://www.rekabet.gov.tr/Dosya/dergi/64-pdf> google scholar
  • Kesici B, Rekabet Hukukunun İhlâlinden Kaynaklanan Haksız Fiil Sorumluluğu (On İki Levha 2017). google scholar
  • Koponen J and Skarpa A, ‘Settling Antitrust Non-cartel Conduct Matters with the European Commission’ (Global Competition Review, 02 February 2021). <https://globalcompetitionreview.com/guide/the-settlements-guide/first-edition/article/eu-settling-antitrust-non-cartel-conduct-matters-the-european-commission> google scholar
  • Laina F and Laurinen E, ‘The EU Cartel Settlement Procedure: Current Status and Challenges’ (2013) Vol. 4, No. 4 (Journal of European Competition Law & Practice) 302-311. <https://ec.europa.eu/competition/cartels/legislation/cartels_settlements/settlement_procedure_ en.pdf> google scholar
  • Laina F and Bogdanov A, ‘The EU Cartel Settlement Procedure: Latest Developments’ (2016) Vol.7, No. 1 (Journal of European Competition Law & Practice) (‘Latest Developments’) 72-84. google scholar
  • Laina F and Bogdanov A, ‘The EU Cartel Settlement Procedure: Latest Developments (20172018)’ (2019) Vol. 10, No. 5 (Journal of European Competition Law & Practice) 322-333. google scholar
  • OECD Latin American and Caribbean Competition Forum - Session I: Fining Methodologies for Competition Law Infringements (2019). <https://one.oecd.org/document/DAF/C0MP/LACF(2019)5/en/pdf> google scholar
  • Olsen G and Jephcott M, ‘Sharing the Benefits of Procedural Economy: The European Commission’s Settlement Procedure’ (2010) 25(1) (Antitrust) 76-80. google scholar
  • Patsa A, Robinson J and Ghiorghies M, ‘Cartel Settlements: An overview of EU and national case law’ (Concurrences, e-Competitions National Competition Laws Bulletin, N° 81310, 2016). <https://www.bakermckenzie.com/-/media/files/insight/publications/2016/09/cartel-settlements/ ar_antitrust_cartelsettlements_20160929.pdf?la=en> google scholar
  • Pektaş M, Rekabet Hukukunda Alternatif Bir Yol: Uzlaşma (Rekabet Kurumu Uzmanlık Tezi 2008). <https://www.rekabet.gov.tr/Dosya/uzmanlik-tezleri/94-pdf> google scholar
  • Sanlı KC, ‘7246 Sayılı Kanun ile Rekabetin Korunması Hakkında Kanun’da Yapılan Değişikliklerin Özel Hukuk Açısından Yansımaları ve Özellikle Muafiyet Hükmü Değişikliği’ in Kerem Cem Sanlı (ed), Rekabetin korunması Hakkında Kanun’da Yapılan 2020 Yılı Değişiklikleri: Nedenleri, Kapsamı ve Olası Etkileri (On İki Levha 2022) 44-96. google scholar
  • Sanlı KC, ‘Rekabetin Korunması Hakkında Kanun’da Yapılan Değişiklik Çerçevesinde Yargıtayın Özel Hukuka Dair İçtihadının Geçerliliği Sorunu’ (Kadir Has Üniversitesi Hukuk Bülteni) <https://hukukbulteni.khas.edu.tr/bulten/71#_ftnref4> google scholar
  • Schaik, F.: ‘Timab v Commission: The First Lessons on Hybrid Cartel Settlement Procedures’ (2017) Vol. 8, No. 5 (Journal of European Competition Law & Practice) 309-310. google scholar
  • Svoboda S and Renner-Loquenz B, ‘Recent EU Developments in Buyer-Side Cartels’ (Competition Policy International, 29 June 2021). <https://www.competitionpolicyinternational.com/recent-eu-developments-in-buyer-side-cartels/> google scholar
  • Varlı EB, ‘Türk Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Prosedürü’ (2019) Yüksek Lisans Tezi. google scholar
  • Wils W, ‘Readoption by the European Commission of cartel decisions annulled on procedural grounds by the EU courts’ (Concurrences, N° 3-2021, Art. N° 101369, pp. 63-76, September 2021) <https://www.concurrences.com/en/review/issues/no-3-2021/articles/readoption-by-the-european-commission-of-cartel-decisions-annulled-on-en> google scholar
  • Yılmaz E, ‘Uzlaşma Müessesinin Hukuki Niteliği ve Temel Vergilendirme İlkeleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi’ (2009) Cilt 13, Sayı 1, (Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi) 321-351. google scholar
  • Ysewyn J and Corbett L, ‘Case T-180/15 ICAP and Others v Commission, 10 November 2017: Win-Win in the Cartel Settlement Procedure: Is There a Shift in the Balance of Power’ (2018) 4(1) (Competition Law & Policy Debate) 4-8. google scholar
  • Zheng R, ‘Settlement Procedure in EU Commission’s Competition Law Enforcement - A “Negotiation” Game between the Commission and Cartelists’ (2017) Study Paper No 01/17 Europa-Kolleg Hamburg, Institute for European Integration. google scholar
  • Rekabeti Sınırlayıcı Anlaşma, Uyumlu Eylem ve Kararlar ile Hâkim Durumun Kötüye Kullanılmasına Yönelik Soruşturmalarda Uygulanabilecek Uzlaşma Usulüne İlişkin Yönetmelik https://www.rekabet.gov.tr/Dosya/yonetmelikler/uzlasma-yonetmeligi-20210716102410009-pdf google scholar
  • Commission Regulation (EC) No 622/2008 of 30 June 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 773/2004, as regards the conduct of settlement procedures in cartel cases https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32008R0622 google scholar
  • Rekabeti Sınırlayıcı Anlaşma, Uyumlu Eylem ve Kararlar ile Hâkim Durumun Kötüye Kullanılmasına Yönelik Soruşturmalarda Uygulanabilecek Uzlaşma Usulüne İlişkin Yönetmelik Taslağı https://www.rekabet.gov.tr/Dosya/geneldosya/uzlasma-yonetmeligi-taslagi-pdf Rekabet Hukuku Merkezi’nin Uzlaşma Yönetmelik Taslağı hakkındaki görüşü. https://rhm.bilgi.edu.tr/tr/haberler/gorus-uzlasma-yonetmeligi-taslagi/ google scholar
  • Directive 2014/104/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2014 on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the Member States and of the European Union https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32014L0104&from=en google scholar
  • Commission Regulation (EC) No 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02004R0773-20150806 google scholar
  • Commission Notice on the conduct of settlement procedures in view of the adoption of Decisions pursuant to Article 7 and Article 23 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 in cartel cases https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri = CELEX%3A020 0 8 XC0702%2801%29-20150805 google scholar
  • European Commission, Statistics on Cartel cases https://ec.europa.eu/competition-policy/cartels/statistics_en google scholar
  • Cooperation Procedure Facts Sheet https://ec.europa.eu/competition/publications/data/factsheet_guess.pdf google scholar
  • Guidelines on the method of setting fines imposed pursuant to Article 23(2)(a) of Regulation No 1/2003 (2006/C 210/02) https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A52006XC0901%2801%29 google scholar
  • Manual of Procedures, Drafting of Statement of Objections (SO) https://ec.europa.eu/competition/antitrust/antitrust_manproc_11_2019_en.pdf google scholar
  • International Competition Network, Anti-Cartel Enforcement Template, Cartels Working Group, Subgroup 2: Enforcement Techniques. https://ec.europa.eu/competition/international/multilateral/template.pdf google scholar
  • Glossary of terms used in EU competition policy, Antitrust and control of concentrations, Directorate-General for Competition https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/100e1bc8-cee3-4f65-9b30-e232ec3064d6 google scholar
  • Cleary Gottlieb, EU Competition Law Newsletter, January 2021. https://www.clearygottlieb.com/-/media/files/eu-competition-newsletters/european-competition-newsletter-january-2021.pdf google scholar

Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Kurumu

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 81 Sayı: 1, 21 - 79, 31.05.2023

Deniz Tanlı

https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2023.81.1.0006

Öz

4054 sayılı Rekabetin Korunması Hakkında Kanun’a, 7246 sayılı Kanun ile getirilen yeniliklerden birisi de uzlaşma mekanizması olmuştur. Aynı değişiklikle birlikte, uzlaşmaya ilişkin usul ve esasların Rekabet Kurulu tarafından çıkarılacak yönetmelik ile belirleneceği hüküm altına alınmıştır. Rekabet Kurulu bu görevine ilişkin olarak hazırlamış olduğu “Rekabeti Sınırlayıcı Anlaşma, Uyumlu Eylem ve Kararlar ile Hâkim Durumun Kötüye Kullanılmasına Yönelik Soruşturmalarda Uygulanabilecek Uzlaşma Usulüne İlişkin Yönetmelik” 15.07.2021 tarihinde Resmî Gazete’de yayımlanarak yürürlüğe girmiştir . Söz konusu yönetmeliğin de yürürlüğe girmesiyle beraber kanun değişikliğiyle öngörülen üçleme (de minimis, taahhüt, uzlaşma) tamamlanmıştır. Bu makalenin amacı, Türk rekabet hukuku için yeni bir kurum olan uzlaşmayı tüm yönleriyle incelemektir. Bu kapsamda, makalenin ilk bölümünde, rekabet hukukunda uzlaşmayla ilgili genel nitelikte açıklamalar yapılmış ve hibrit uzlaşma müessesesi ele alınmıştır. İkinci bölümünde, Uzlaşma Yönetmeliği’nde tasarlanan uzlaşma sürecinin tüm safhaları sırasıyla anlatılmış, ilk bakışta meydana gelebilecek sorunlara dikkat çekilmiştir. Bu yapılırken, daha önce kamuoyu görüşüne açılan taslak yönetmelik ile arasındaki farklara da değinilmiştir. Yine aynı bölümde Rekabet Kurulu tarafından verilmiş olan uzlaşma kararları da incelenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümünde, Avrupa Birliği rekabet hukukundaki yerleşmiş uygulama istatistiki verilerle anlatılmış ve uzlaşmaya ilişkin düzenlemeler karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Buradan hareketle Türk rekabet hukukuna yönelik çeşitli çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. Dördüncü bölümünde, uzlaşma ile ilgili en önemli konulardan biri olan uzlaşan ve uzlaşmayan taraflar arasındaki ilişki ele alınmıştır. Beşinci bölümünde ise uzlaşmanın özel hukuk alanındaki sonuçlarına değinilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uzlaşma Yönetmeliği Avrupa Birliği Rekabet Hukuku Alternatif Çözüm Yolu Uzlaşma

Kaynakça

  • An MH, Aygün E ve Kekevi G, ‘Rekabet Hukukunda Taahhüt ve Uzlaşma’ (2009) (Rekabet Hukukunda Güncel Gelişmeler Sempozyumu-VII) 229-294. <https://www.rekabet.gov.tr/Dosya/etkinlik-yayinlari/24-pdf> google scholar
  • Akyazan AE, ‘Maddî Açıdan Hukuki İşlemler’ (2009) Sayı 85 (TBB Dergisi) 220-240. google scholar
  • Angeli C, ‘General Court judgment on European Commission’s settlement procedure’ (Norton Rose Fulbright, July 2017). <https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/en-tr/knowledge/publications/c93369ca/general-court-judgment-on-european-commissions-settlement-procedure> google scholar
  • Bellis J-F, ‘General Overview of the EU Cartel Settlement Procedure’ (Competition Policy International, 10 March 2015). <https://www.competitionpolicyinternational.com/general-overview-of-the-european-settlement-procedure/> google scholar
  • Bryant C and Wylie C, ‘Société Générale EURIBOR cartel fine reduction highlights right to appeal in settlement cases’ (Lexology, April 8 2016). <https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=4fce53ce-938f-4bd2-b813-aaa43b82839c> google scholar
  • Datema M, Leitch A and Coulson E, ‘Cartel Settlements: Facilitating Damages Claims But Hybrid Cases Remain Unsettling’ (Competition Policy International, January 2021). www.competitionpolicyinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Cartel-Column-January-2021.pdf> google scholar
  • Dekeyser K and Roques C, ‘The European Commission’s Settlement Procedure in Cartel Cases’ (2010) Vol. 55, No. 4/Winter (The Antitrust Bulletin) 819-842. google scholar
  • Dunne A, ‘Hybrid Cases Under the EU Cartel Settlement Procedure: The Individuality in Collective Infringement’ (2015) Vol. 6, No. 1 (The King’s Student Law Review) 38-56. google scholar
  • Dursun S, ‘İdari İşlemlerin Geri Alınması, Kaldırılması, Değiştirilmesi ve Düzeltilmesi’ (2005) (Prof. Dr. A. Şeref Gözübüyük’e Armağan) 99-109. google scholar
  • Ersoy Ç ve Kekevi G, ‘AB ve Türk Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma’ in Kerem Cem Sanlı (ed), Rekabetin Korunması Hakkında Kanun’da Yapılan 2020 Yılı Değişiklikleri: Nedenleri, Kapsamı ve Olası Etkileri (On İki Levha 2022) 293-315. google scholar
  • Ghiorghies M and Robinson J, ‘Appealing a settlement: can you have your cake and eat it?’ (Lexology, 16 March 2017).<https://www.lexology.com/commentary/competition-antitrust/european-union/baker-mckenzie/appealing-a-settlement-can-you-have-your-cake-and-eat-it> google scholar
  • Gözübüyük AŞ ve Tan T, İdare Hukuku Cilt I Genel Esaslar (Güncelleştirilmiş 11. Bası, Turhan Kitabevi 2016). google scholar
  • Gözübüyük AŞ ve Tan T, İdare Hukuku Cilt II İdari Yargılama Hukuku (Güncelleştirilmiş 9. Bası, Turhan Kitabevi 2017). google scholar
  • Gürkaynak G, ‘Unchartered Territories: A Comparative Study of the Newly Introduced Commitment and Settlement Mechanisms of Turkish Competition Law with the European Union Competition Law’ <https://www.gurkaynak.av.tr/docs/29065-unchartered-territories_a-comparative-study-of-the-newly-introduced-commitment-and-settlement-mechanisms-of-turkish-competition-law-with-the-european-union-competition-law.pdf> google scholar
  • Heegde A, ‘The new cooperation procedure in EU competition law for non-cartel cases’ <https://konkurransetilsynet.no/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Annemarie-Ter-Heegde.pdf> google scholar
  • Hellwig M and Hüschelrath K, ‘Cartel Cases and the Cartel Enforcement Process in the European Union 2001-2015: A Quantitative Assessment’ (2017) Vol. 62(2) (The Antitrust Bulletin) 400438. google scholar İnce E ve Ünübol N, ‘Uzlaşma: Belirsizliğe Yolculuk’ (2015) 16(4) (Rekabet Dergisi) 27-73. <https://www.rekabet.gov.tr/Dosya/dergi/64-pdf> google scholar
  • Kesici B, Rekabet Hukukunun İhlâlinden Kaynaklanan Haksız Fiil Sorumluluğu (On İki Levha 2017). google scholar
  • Koponen J and Skarpa A, ‘Settling Antitrust Non-cartel Conduct Matters with the European Commission’ (Global Competition Review, 02 February 2021). <https://globalcompetitionreview.com/guide/the-settlements-guide/first-edition/article/eu-settling-antitrust-non-cartel-conduct-matters-the-european-commission> google scholar
  • Laina F and Laurinen E, ‘The EU Cartel Settlement Procedure: Current Status and Challenges’ (2013) Vol. 4, No. 4 (Journal of European Competition Law & Practice) 302-311. <https://ec.europa.eu/competition/cartels/legislation/cartels_settlements/settlement_procedure_ en.pdf> google scholar
  • Laina F and Bogdanov A, ‘The EU Cartel Settlement Procedure: Latest Developments’ (2016) Vol.7, No. 1 (Journal of European Competition Law & Practice) (‘Latest Developments’) 72-84. google scholar
  • Laina F and Bogdanov A, ‘The EU Cartel Settlement Procedure: Latest Developments (20172018)’ (2019) Vol. 10, No. 5 (Journal of European Competition Law & Practice) 322-333. google scholar
  • OECD Latin American and Caribbean Competition Forum - Session I: Fining Methodologies for Competition Law Infringements (2019). <https://one.oecd.org/document/DAF/C0MP/LACF(2019)5/en/pdf> google scholar
  • Olsen G and Jephcott M, ‘Sharing the Benefits of Procedural Economy: The European Commission’s Settlement Procedure’ (2010) 25(1) (Antitrust) 76-80. google scholar
  • Patsa A, Robinson J and Ghiorghies M, ‘Cartel Settlements: An overview of EU and national case law’ (Concurrences, e-Competitions National Competition Laws Bulletin, N° 81310, 2016). <https://www.bakermckenzie.com/-/media/files/insight/publications/2016/09/cartel-settlements/ ar_antitrust_cartelsettlements_20160929.pdf?la=en> google scholar
  • Pektaş M, Rekabet Hukukunda Alternatif Bir Yol: Uzlaşma (Rekabet Kurumu Uzmanlık Tezi 2008). <https://www.rekabet.gov.tr/Dosya/uzmanlik-tezleri/94-pdf> google scholar
  • Sanlı KC, ‘7246 Sayılı Kanun ile Rekabetin Korunması Hakkında Kanun’da Yapılan Değişikliklerin Özel Hukuk Açısından Yansımaları ve Özellikle Muafiyet Hükmü Değişikliği’ in Kerem Cem Sanlı (ed), Rekabetin korunması Hakkında Kanun’da Yapılan 2020 Yılı Değişiklikleri: Nedenleri, Kapsamı ve Olası Etkileri (On İki Levha 2022) 44-96. google scholar
  • Sanlı KC, ‘Rekabetin Korunması Hakkında Kanun’da Yapılan Değişiklik Çerçevesinde Yargıtayın Özel Hukuka Dair İçtihadının Geçerliliği Sorunu’ (Kadir Has Üniversitesi Hukuk Bülteni) <https://hukukbulteni.khas.edu.tr/bulten/71#_ftnref4> google scholar
  • Schaik, F.: ‘Timab v Commission: The First Lessons on Hybrid Cartel Settlement Procedures’ (2017) Vol. 8, No. 5 (Journal of European Competition Law & Practice) 309-310. google scholar
  • Svoboda S and Renner-Loquenz B, ‘Recent EU Developments in Buyer-Side Cartels’ (Competition Policy International, 29 June 2021). <https://www.competitionpolicyinternational.com/recent-eu-developments-in-buyer-side-cartels/> google scholar
  • Varlı EB, ‘Türk Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Prosedürü’ (2019) Yüksek Lisans Tezi. google scholar
  • Wils W, ‘Readoption by the European Commission of cartel decisions annulled on procedural grounds by the EU courts’ (Concurrences, N° 3-2021, Art. N° 101369, pp. 63-76, September 2021) <https://www.concurrences.com/en/review/issues/no-3-2021/articles/readoption-by-the-european-commission-of-cartel-decisions-annulled-on-en> google scholar
  • Yılmaz E, ‘Uzlaşma Müessesinin Hukuki Niteliği ve Temel Vergilendirme İlkeleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi’ (2009) Cilt 13, Sayı 1, (Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi) 321-351. google scholar
  • Ysewyn J and Corbett L, ‘Case T-180/15 ICAP and Others v Commission, 10 November 2017: Win-Win in the Cartel Settlement Procedure: Is There a Shift in the Balance of Power’ (2018) 4(1) (Competition Law & Policy Debate) 4-8. google scholar
  • Zheng R, ‘Settlement Procedure in EU Commission’s Competition Law Enforcement - A “Negotiation” Game between the Commission and Cartelists’ (2017) Study Paper No 01/17 Europa-Kolleg Hamburg, Institute for European Integration. google scholar
  • Rekabeti Sınırlayıcı Anlaşma, Uyumlu Eylem ve Kararlar ile Hâkim Durumun Kötüye Kullanılmasına Yönelik Soruşturmalarda Uygulanabilecek Uzlaşma Usulüne İlişkin Yönetmelik https://www.rekabet.gov.tr/Dosya/yonetmelikler/uzlasma-yonetmeligi-20210716102410009-pdf google scholar
  • Commission Regulation (EC) No 622/2008 of 30 June 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 773/2004, as regards the conduct of settlement procedures in cartel cases https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32008R0622 google scholar
  • Rekabeti Sınırlayıcı Anlaşma, Uyumlu Eylem ve Kararlar ile Hâkim Durumun Kötüye Kullanılmasına Yönelik Soruşturmalarda Uygulanabilecek Uzlaşma Usulüne İlişkin Yönetmelik Taslağı https://www.rekabet.gov.tr/Dosya/geneldosya/uzlasma-yonetmeligi-taslagi-pdf Rekabet Hukuku Merkezi’nin Uzlaşma Yönetmelik Taslağı hakkındaki görüşü. https://rhm.bilgi.edu.tr/tr/haberler/gorus-uzlasma-yonetmeligi-taslagi/ google scholar
  • Directive 2014/104/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2014 on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the Member States and of the European Union https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32014L0104&from=en google scholar
  • Commission Regulation (EC) No 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02004R0773-20150806 google scholar
  • Commission Notice on the conduct of settlement procedures in view of the adoption of Decisions pursuant to Article 7 and Article 23 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 in cartel cases https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri = CELEX%3A020 0 8 XC0702%2801%29-20150805 google scholar
  • European Commission, Statistics on Cartel cases https://ec.europa.eu/competition-policy/cartels/statistics_en google scholar
  • Cooperation Procedure Facts Sheet https://ec.europa.eu/competition/publications/data/factsheet_guess.pdf google scholar
  • Guidelines on the method of setting fines imposed pursuant to Article 23(2)(a) of Regulation No 1/2003 (2006/C 210/02) https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A52006XC0901%2801%29 google scholar
  • Manual of Procedures, Drafting of Statement of Objections (SO) https://ec.europa.eu/competition/antitrust/antitrust_manproc_11_2019_en.pdf google scholar
  • International Competition Network, Anti-Cartel Enforcement Template, Cartels Working Group, Subgroup 2: Enforcement Techniques. https://ec.europa.eu/competition/international/multilateral/template.pdf google scholar
  • Glossary of terms used in EU competition policy, Antitrust and control of concentrations, Directorate-General for Competition https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/100e1bc8-cee3-4f65-9b30-e232ec3064d6 google scholar
  • Cleary Gottlieb, EU Competition Law Newsletter, January 2021. https://www.clearygottlieb.com/-/media/files/eu-competition-newsletters/european-competition-newsletter-january-2021.pdf google scholar
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hukuk
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Deniz Tanlı Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-9695-3353

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 81 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Tanlı, D. (2023). Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Kurumu. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası, 81(1), 21-79. https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2023.81.1.0006
AMA Tanlı D. Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Kurumu. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası. Mayıs 2023;81(1):21-79. doi:10.26650/mecmua.2023.81.1.0006
Chicago Tanlı, Deniz. “Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Kurumu”. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası 81, sy. 1 (Mayıs 2023): 21-79. https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2023.81.1.0006.
EndNote Tanlı D (01 Mayıs 2023) Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Kurumu. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası 81 1 21–79.
IEEE D. Tanlı, “Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Kurumu”, İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası, c. 81, sy. 1, ss. 21–79, 2023, doi: 10.26650/mecmua.2023.81.1.0006.
ISNAD Tanlı, Deniz. “Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Kurumu”. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası 81/1 (Mayıs 2023), 21-79. https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2023.81.1.0006.
JAMA Tanlı D. Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Kurumu. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası. 2023;81:21–79.
MLA Tanlı, Deniz. “Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Kurumu”. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası, c. 81, sy. 1, 2023, ss. 21-79, doi:10.26650/mecmua.2023.81.1.0006.
Vancouver Tanlı D. Rekabet Hukukunda Uzlaşma Kurumu. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası. 2023;81(1):21-79.
 Kapak Resmi İndir