International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 2146-9067 Murat CİNİVİZ 10.18245/ijaet.1651115 Internal Combustion Engines Mechanical Vibrations and Noise İçten Yanmalı Motorlar Mekanik Titreşimler ve Gürültü CNT KARIŞIMLI YAKITLAR VE FARKLI EGR ORANLARI İLE ÇALIŞAN BİR DİZEL MOTORUN GÜRÜLTÜ VE TİTREŞİM DAVRANIŞI Noise and vibration behavior of a diesel engine operating with CNT-blended fuels and different EGR rates https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4616-3935 Çelebi Samet SAKARYA UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ARİFİYE MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-1428 Demir Üsame BILECIK SEYH EDEBALI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING 09 30 2025 14 3 199 214 03 04 2025 08 21 2025 Copyright © 2012, International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 2012 International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies

Bu çalışmada, karbon nanotüp (CNT) karışımlı yakıtların motor gürültüsü ve titreşim seviyeleri üzerindeki etkileri tek silindirli, hava soğutmalı, doğrudan enjeksiyonlu bir dizel motor kullanılarak deneysel olarak araştırılmıştır. Yakıta tek duvarlı (SWCNT) ve çok duvarlı (MWCNT) karbon nanotüpler 25 ppm ve 50 ppm konsantrasyonlarda eklenmiştir. Testler %0, %25, %50, %75 ve %100 motor yüklerinde, %0, %10 ve %20 egzoz gazı devridaim (EGR) oranlarıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.Bulgular, motor gürültüsü ve titreşim seviyelerinin genel olarak tüm yakıt tiplerinde motor yükü arttıkça arttığını ortaya koymuştur. Geleneksel dizel yakıtı (D100) için, yük %0'dan %100'e çıktığında gürültü seviyeleri 94,84 dB'den 96,71 dB'ye yükselmiştir. SWCNT karışımlı yakıtlar da gürültü artışları gösterdi; SW25 94,89 dB ile 97,39 dB arasında değişirken, SW50 95,92 dB ile 97,80 dB arasında değişti. MWCNT karışımlı yakıtlar için, MW25 gürültüde 96,68 dB'den 96,49 dB'ye hafif bir düşüş gösterirken, MW50 95,12 dB'den 97,61 dB'ye yükseldi.Titreşim eğilimleri benzer bir örüntüyü izledi. D100 için titreşim seviyeleri 96,23 m/s²'den 96,94 m/s²'ye yükseldi. SW25 89,17 m/s²'den 101,90 m/s²'ye daha keskin bir artış gösterirken, SW50 97,01 m/s²'den 97,34 m/s²'ye hafif bir artış gösterdi. MW25, 100,59 m/s²'den 101,01 m/s²'ye yükselen dalgalı bir eğilim gösterdi, oysa MW50 100,43 m/s²'den 98,28 m/s²'ye düştü.EGR oranını artırmak, özellikle düşük motor yüklerinde, genel olarak gürültü ve titreşim seviyelerini düşürdü, ancak bu etki daha yüksek yüklerde zayıfladı. Genel olarak, SWCNT ve MWCNT karışımlı yakıtlar, D100'e kıyasla yüksek yüklerde gürültü ve titreşim seviyelerini artırdı, MW50 farklı yük koşullarında daha kararlı titreşim davranışı gösterdi. Bu bulgular, CNT katkı maddelerinin ve EGR stratejilerinin dizel motorlarda gürültü ve titreşim özelliklerini optimize etme potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır.

In this study, the effects of carbon nanotube (CNT)-blended fuels on engine noise and vibration levels were experimentally investigated in a single-cylinder, air-cooled, direct-injection diesel engine. CNTs were introduced as single-wall (SWCNT) and multi-wall (MWCNT) variants at concentrations of 25 ppm and 50 ppm. Tests were performed at engine loads of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, and EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) rates of 0%, 10%, and 20%. The results showed a clear trend of increasing noise and vibration levels with rising engine load. For instance, the noise level for D100 fuel rose from 94.84 dB (0% load) to 96.71 dB (100% load), while SW50 increased from 95.92 dB to 97.80 dB, and MW50 from 95.12 dB to 97.61 dB. Regarding vibration, D100 increased from 96.23 m/s² to 96.94 m/s², whereas SW25 showed a rise from 89.17 m/s² to 101.90 m/s², and MW50 maintained more stable values from 98.28 m/s² across the load range. Increasing the EGR rate generally reduced both acoustic parameters, especially under low-load conditions. Notably, MW50 fuel yielded the most consistent reduction in vibration, while SW50 tended to amplify noise at full load. These findings suggest that MWCNTs, particularly at higher concentrations, offer improved vibration mitigation, whereas SWCNTs may enhance noise under certain conditions. The combined use of CNT additives and EGR presents a promising strategy for tuning diesel engine acoustic behavior.

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