Design Optimization of Vanes in Ventilated Brake Disc

Anand Mony Parameswaran; Jagannatha G; Madhu M

doi:10.30939/ijastech..1701708

Design Optimization of Vanes in Ventilated Brake Disc

Abstract

Ventilated brake discs are among the most suitable option for many automotive applica-tions,particularly for race car applications. The aerodynamic features of a ventilated brake disc sig-nificantly impact on its heat dissipation and thermal performance characteristics. One of the main parameters requiring optimization is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the air that flows through the vanes of the brake disc. The heat transfer coefficient depends on the Reynolds number, which increases with fluid velocity. More heat is dissipated with a larger exposed area. Thus, the goal is to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the fluid flowing through by introducing turbulence into the flow. In this study, vane design was validated using numerical method Finite Element Analysis in ANSYS software. Under the assumption of a steady flow through a stationary vane, the goal was to observe the amount of heat absorbed from the walls of the vane by the air flowing through. The stud-ied vane design incorporates a converging cross-section with protrusions along the flow path to im-prove the convective cooling coefficient. The outlet temperature of air from the vane was 7.6% higher in the new vane design compared to the industry standard vane as well as approximately 21.58% more heat was dissipated by the new vane design.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

PES University

Project Number

1

References

[1] Augustins L, Hild F, Billardon R, Boudevin S. Experimental and numerical analysis of thermal striping in automotive brake discs. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures. 2017 Feb;40(2):267-76. https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.12495
[2] Adamowicz A, Grzes P. Influence of convective cooling on a disc brake temperature distribution during repetitive braking. Applied thermal engineering. 2011 Oct 1;31(14-15):2177-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.12.016
[3] Grzes P. Maximum temperature of the disc during repeated brak-ing applications. Advances in mechanical engineering. 2019 Mar;11(3):1687814019837826. https://doi.org/10.1177/1687814019837826
[4] Schuetz T. Cooling analysis of a passenger car disk brake. SAE Technical Paper; 2009 Oct 11. https://doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-3049
[5] Jafari R, Akyüz R. Optimization and thermal analysis of radial ventilated brake disc to enhance the cooling performance. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering. 2022 Feb 1;30:101731 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2021.101731
[6] Agrawal VK, Patil LN, Panwar VS, Toke LK, Bogireddy SR, Chavan KV, Nimbalkar UD, Sonekar MM, Bhople NR. Optimiz-ing ventilated disk brake design for enhanced thermal perfor-mance: an analytical and experimental approach. Multiscale and Multidisciplinary Modeling, Experiments and Design. 2025 Apr;8(4):213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41939-025-00797-0
[7] Chi Z, Naterer GF, He Y. Effects of brake disc geometrical pa-rameters and configurations on automotive braking thermal per-formace. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering. 2008;32(2):313-24.https://doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2008-0020
[8] Daraba C, Ungureanu NS, Daraba D. Thermal analysis of disc brake using finite element method. Buletinul AGIR. 2024 Apr 1;29(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4968281

[9] Orlandi F, Coccetta M, Meleti S, Milani M, Montorsi L. A com-prehensive CFD approach of a thermal analysis of a braking discs system under different design conditions. International Journal of Thermofluids. 2025 Jan 1;25:101004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijft.2024.101004
[10] Palmer E, Mishra R, Fieldhouse J. An optimization study of a multiple-row pin-vented brake disc to promote brake cooling us-ing computational fluid dynamics. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engi-neering. 2009 Jul 1;223(7):865-75. https://doi.org/10.1243/09544070jauto1053
[11] Preda C, Bleotu RM, Pinca-Bretotean C. Study and thermal anal-ysis of vanes shape design for brake disc in automotive industry. InJournal of Physics: Conference Series 2022 Feb 1 (Vol. 2212, No. 1, p. 012025). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2212/1/012025
[12] Subbarayudu B, Kishore G. Design and Analysis of Ventilated Disc Brake. vol. 2018;15:46-59. DOI: 10.9790/1684-1505014659
[13] Belhocine A, Abdullah OI. Finite element analysis (FEA) of fric-tional contact phenomenon on vehicle braking system. Mechanics based design of structures and machines. 2022 Sep 2;50(9):2961-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/15397734.2020.1787843
[14] Belhocine A, Abdullah OI. Numerical simulation of thermally developing turbulent flow through a cylindrical tube. The Interna-tional Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2019 Jun 19;102(5):2001-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-03315-y
[15] Belhocine A. Numerical study of heat transfer in fully developed laminar flow inside a circular tube. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2016 Aug;85(9):2681-92.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-8104-0
[16] Afzal A, Soudagar ME, Belhocine A, Kareemullah M, Hossain N, Alshahrani S, Saleel C A, Subbiah R, Qureshi F, Mujtaba MA. Thermal performance of compression ignition engine using high content biodiesels: a comparative study with diesel fuel. Sustaina-bility. 2021 Jul 9;13(14):7688. https:// doi.org/10.3390/su13147688
[17] Stojanovic N, Abdullah OI, Grujic I, Glisovic J, Belhocine A. The influence of spoiler on the aerodynamic performances and longitudinal stability of the passenger car under high speed condi-tion. Journal of visualization. 2023 Feb;26(1):97-112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-022-00867-2
[18] Belhocine A, Houari MS, Stojanovic N, Abdullah OI. Numerical solution of simultaneously developing laminar flow in a plane duct with uniform wall temperature and constant heat flux. Arabi-an Journal for Science and Engineering. 2024 Dec 7:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-024-09827-4
[19] Belhocine A, Shinde D, Patil R. Thermo-mechanical coupled analysis based design of ventilated brake disc using genetic algo-rithm and particle swarm optimization. Jmst Advances. 2021 Sep;3(3):41-54. https://doi.org/10.4271/06-14-02-0009.
[20] Belhocine A, Wan Omar WZ. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and numerical aerodynamic investigations of au-tomotive disc brake rotor. International Journal on Interactive De-sign and Manufacturing (IJIDeM). 2018 May;12(2):421-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-017-0394-z

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Heat Transfer in Automotive

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Anand Mony Parameswaran ^*
0009-0006-5344-044X
India

Jagannatha G This is me
0009-0008-8941-1709
India

Madhu M
0009-0007-8927-5367
India

Publication Date

September 30, 2025

Submission Date

June 9, 2025

Acceptance Date

August 17, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 9 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1701708

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA45SL97ZR

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Mony Parameswaran, A., G, J., & M, M. (2025). Design Optimization of Vanes in Ventilated Brake Disc. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, 9(3), 409-416. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1701708

AMA

1.Mony Parameswaran A, G J, M M. Design Optimization of Vanes in Ventilated Brake Disc. IJASTECH. 2025;9(3):409-416. doi:10.30939/ijastech.1701708

Chicago

Mony Parameswaran, Anand, Jagannatha G, and Madhu M. 2025. “Design Optimization of Vanes in Ventilated Brake Disc”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 9 (3): 409-16. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1701708.

EndNote

Mony Parameswaran A, G J, M M (September 1, 2025) Design Optimization of Vanes in Ventilated Brake Disc. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 9 3 409–416.

IEEE

[1]A. Mony Parameswaran, J. G, and M. M, “Design Optimization of Vanes in Ventilated Brake Disc”, IJASTECH, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 409–416, Sept. 2025, doi: 10.30939/ijastech..1701708.

ISNAD

Mony Parameswaran, Anand - G, Jagannatha - M, Madhu. “Design Optimization of Vanes in Ventilated Brake Disc”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 9/3 (September 1, 2025): 409-416. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1701708.

JAMA

1.Mony Parameswaran A, G J, M M. Design Optimization of Vanes in Ventilated Brake Disc. IJASTECH. 2025;9:409–416.

MLA

Mony Parameswaran, Anand, et al. “Design Optimization of Vanes in Ventilated Brake Disc”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, vol. 9, no. 3, Sept. 2025, pp. 409-16, doi:10.30939/ijastech. 1701708.

Vancouver

1.Anand Mony Parameswaran, Jagannatha G, Madhu M. Design Optimization of Vanes in Ventilated Brake Disc. IJASTECH. 2025 Sep. 1;9(3):409-16. doi:10.30939/ijastech. 1701708

Cited By

Effect of Lateral Deviation on Braking Dynamics of Automotive Brake Discs

International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology

https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1838956