Comparative Investigation of Compression and Energy Absorption Performance of Modified Re-Entrant Auxetic Structures

Mahmut Buğra Yıldız; Ali Rıza Yıldız

doi:10.30939/ijastech..1819020

Comparative Investigation of Compression and Energy Absorption Performance of Modified Re-Entrant Auxetic Structures

Abstract

In this study, the collision behaviors of three different auxetic unit cell designs (diagonal re-entrant, split re-entrant, and arrowhead re-entrant) with negative Poisson's ratios used in energy absorption and available in the literature were investigated. A new model was designed inspired by the re-entrant model and the rib model. The models were subjected to quasi-static compression tests using computer-aided engineering simulations, and ABS and PETG materials, commonly used in additive manufacturing, were used in these tests. Each model was modeled as a 100x100x20 mm lattice structure consisting of 4x4 unit cells. In the analyses, the element size was set to 1 mm using mesh convergence. According to the results obtained in the study, the split re-entrant model achieved the highest maximum force value among all materials, while the arrowhead re-entrant model exhibited the lowest maximum force value. The new design re-entrant rib model exhibited a more balanced performance compared to other models. When evaluated on a material basis, ABS exhibited more stability, while PETG stood out in terms of impact resistance and displacement capacity. In this context, the superior performance of the new model in comparison with other models in analyses conducted with different materials demonstrated the advantages of the new designs over standard models.

Keywords

References

[1] Lakes R. Foam structures with a negative Poisson’s ratio. Science. 1987;235(4792):1038-1040. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.235.4792.1038
[2] Gibson LJ. Cellular solids. MRS Bull. 2003;28:270-274. https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.79
[3] Ren X, et al. Auxetic metamaterials and structures: a review. Smart Mater Struct. 2018;27:023001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/aaa61c
[4] Chen G, Cheng Y, Zhang P, Liu J, Chen C, Cai S. Design and modelling of auxetic double arrowhead honeycomb core sandwich panels for performance improvement under air blast loading. J Sandwich Struct Mater. 2020;23(8):3574-3605. https://doi.org/10.1177/1099636220935563
[5] Park JJ, Won P, Ko SH. A review on hierarchical origami and kirigami structure for engineering applications. Int J Precis Eng Manuf Green Technol. 2019;6:147-161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-019-00027-2
[6] Grima J, Alderson A, Evans K. Auxetic behavior from rotating rigid units. Phys Status Solidi B. 2005;242:561-575. https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.200460376
[7] Hu Q, Lu G, Tse KM. Compressive and tensile behaviors of 3D hybrid auxetic-honeycomb lattice structures. Int J Mech Sci. 2024;263:108767. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2023.108767
[8] Ikram H, Al Rashid A, Koç M. Additive manufacturing of smart polymeric composites: literature review and future perspectives. Polym Compos. 2022;43(9):6355-6380. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.26948

[9] Kamble Z. Advanced structural and multi-functional sandwich composites with prismatic and foam cores: a review. Polym Compos. 2024;45(18):16355-16382. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27849
[10] Gomes RA, de Oliveira LA, Francisco MB, Gomes GF. Tubular auxetic structures: a review. Thin-Walled Struct. 2023;188:110850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2023.110850
[11] Yang C, et al. Behavior of auxetic structures under compression and impact forces. Smart Mater Struct. 2018;27:025012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/aaa3cf
[12] Cetin E, Seyitoglu SS. A bibliometric overview of research on auxetic structures: trends and patterns. Int J Automot Sci Technol. 2024;8(1):65-77. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1374313
[13] Buğday M, Esen I. The effect of the hexachiral auxetic core on the thermomechanical vibration buckling analysis of smart sandwich nanoplates. ZAMM - J Appl Math Mech. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/zamm.70119
[14] Buğday M. Effect of butterfly auxetic core layer and graphene reinforced foam FGM surface layers on the thermomechanical vibration response of sandwich nanoplates. Mech Adv Mater Struct. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1080/15376494.2025.2484428
[15] Gibson LJ, Ashby MF. Cellular Solids: Structure and Properties. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1997. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139878326
[16] Yang L, Harrysson O, West H, Cormier D. Mechanical properties of 3D re-entrant honeycomb auxetic structures realized via additive manufacturing. Int J Solids Struct. 2015;69-70:475-490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2015.05.005
[17] Xu ZH, Cui YJ, Wang KF, Wang BL, Wang B. Quasi-static compression and impact resistances of novel re-entrant chiral hybrid honeycomb structures. Compos Struct. 2025;366:119206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119206
[18] Zhang Y, Ma LH, Xu HQ, Zhou W. A novel anti-missing-rib lozenge lattice metamaterial with enhanced mechanical properties. Mater Today Commun. 2024;38:108151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.108151
[19] Ren X, Das R, Tran P, Ngo TD, Xie YM. Auxetic metamaterials and structures: a review. Smart Mater Struct. 2018;27(2):023001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/aaa61c
[20] Feng N, Tie Y, Wang S, Guo J. A novel 3D bidirectional auxetic metamaterial with lantern-shape: elasticity aspects and potential for load-bearing structure. Compos Struct. 2023;321:117221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.117221
[21] Etemadi E, Zhang M, Gholikord M, Li K, Ho MMP, Hu H. Quasi-static and dynamic behavior analysis of 3D CFRP woven laminated composite auxetic structures for load-bearing and energy absorption applications. Compos Struct. 2024;340:118182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2024.118182
[22] Li L, Yang F, Zhang S, Guo Z, Wang L, Ren X, Zhao M. A novel hybrid auxetic honeycomb with enhanced load-bearing and energy absorption properties. Eng Struct. 2023;289:116335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116335
[23] Sultan M, Kandil A, Baraya M. Crashworthiness performance evaluation of thin-walled tubes filled with single and hybrid-lattice structures under axial impact loading using finite element analysis. Int J Automot Sci Technol. 2025;9(3):284-293. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1711179
[24] Etemadi E, Gholikord M, Zeeshan M, Hu H. Improved mechanical characteristics of new auxetic structures based on stretch-dominated mechanism deformation under compressive and tensile loadings. Thin-Walled Struct. 2023;184:110491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2022.110491
[25] Wang S, Deng C, Ojo O, Akinrinlola B, Kozub J, Wu N. Design and modeling of a novel three dimensional auxetic re-entrant honeycomb structure for energy absorption. Compos Struct. 2022;280:114882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114882
[26] Tian R, Guan H, Lu X, et al. Dynamic crushing behavior and energy absorption of hybrid auxetic metamaterial inspired by Islamic motif art. Appl Math Mech (Engl Ed). 2023;44:345-362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10483-023-2962-9
[27] Bagewadi SS, Bhagchandani RK. Effect of gradient structure on additively manufactured auxetic and hybrid auxetic structure for energy absorption applications. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part L J Mater Des Appl. 2023;237(8):1739-1751. https://doi.org/10.1177/14644207231155750
[28] Khadem-Reza L, et al. Design of novel 3D auxetic structures based on S-shaped unit-cells. Smart Mater Struct. 2022;31:075024. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/ac7681
[29] Li T, Chen Y, Hu X, Li Y, Wang L. Exploiting negative Poisson’s ratio to design 3D-printed composites with enhanced mechanical properties. Mater Des. 2018;142:247-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2018.01.034
[30] Kopar M, Yildiz AR. Experimental investigation of mechanical properties of PLA, ABS, and PETG 3-D printing materials using fused deposition modeling technique. Mater Test. 2023;65(12):1795-1804. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0202

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Automotive Engineering Materials

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Mahmut Buğra Yıldız ^*
0009-0003-1993-2887
Türkiye

Ali Rıza Yıldız
0000-0003-1790-6987
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 4, 2026

Submission Date

November 7, 2025

Acceptance Date

February 13, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 10 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1819020

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA24HS42JJ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Yıldız, M. B., & Yıldız, A. R. (2026). Comparative Investigation of Compression and Energy Absorption Performance of Modified Re-Entrant Auxetic Structures. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, 10(1), 104-111. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1819020

AMA

1.Yıldız MB, Yıldız AR. Comparative Investigation of Compression and Energy Absorption Performance of Modified Re-Entrant Auxetic Structures. IJASTECH. 2026;10(1):104-111. doi:10.30939/ijastech.1819020

Chicago

Yıldız, Mahmut Buğra, and Ali Rıza Yıldız. 2026. “Comparative Investigation of Compression and Energy Absorption Performance of Modified Re-Entrant Auxetic Structures”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 10 (1): 104-11. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1819020.

EndNote

Yıldız MB, Yıldız AR (March 1, 2026) Comparative Investigation of Compression and Energy Absorption Performance of Modified Re-Entrant Auxetic Structures. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 10 1 104–111.

IEEE

[1]M. B. Yıldız and A. R. Yıldız, “Comparative Investigation of Compression and Energy Absorption Performance of Modified Re-Entrant Auxetic Structures”, IJASTECH, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 104–111, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.30939/ijastech..1819020.

ISNAD

Yıldız, Mahmut Buğra - Yıldız, Ali Rıza. “Comparative Investigation of Compression and Energy Absorption Performance of Modified Re-Entrant Auxetic Structures”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 10/1 (March 1, 2026): 104-111. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1819020.

JAMA

1.Yıldız MB, Yıldız AR. Comparative Investigation of Compression and Energy Absorption Performance of Modified Re-Entrant Auxetic Structures. IJASTECH. 2026;10:104–111.

MLA

Yıldız, Mahmut Buğra, and Ali Rıza Yıldız. “Comparative Investigation of Compression and Energy Absorption Performance of Modified Re-Entrant Auxetic Structures”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, vol. 10, no. 1, Mar. 2026, pp. 104-11, doi:10.30939/ijastech. 1819020.

Vancouver

1.Mahmut Buğra Yıldız, Ali Rıza Yıldız. Comparative Investigation of Compression and Energy Absorption Performance of Modified Re-Entrant Auxetic Structures. IJASTECH. 2026 Mar. 1;10(1):104-11. doi:10.30939/ijastech. 1819020