Effect of Crankshaft Offset on Piston Friction in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Air Compressor: FEA of Conventional and New Mechanisms

Özgür Çetin; Melih Okur; Erol Gültekin

doi:10.30939/ijastech..1869160

Effect of Crankshaft Offset on Piston Friction in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Air Compressor: FEA of Conventional and New Mechanisms

Abstract

In today's energy conversion systems, mechanical friction is one of the fundamental loss mechanisms that limit efficiency. This study examines an innovative crankshaft-connecting rod mechanism developed to reduce lateral forces generated at the piston skirt–cylinder interface in brake air compressors and compares its friction performance with that of a traditional mechanism at different crankshaft offsets. The proposed design utilizes a rigidly connected piston rod and a low-friction linear bearing system that enables linear motion. This eliminates the lateral forces on the piston caused by the angular motion of the connecting rod, ensuring that the piston moves only linearly. Since the load transfer occurs through the linear bearing, the piston skirt-cylinder contact is minimized, significantly reducing friction losses. Numerical modeling and finite element analysis conducted within the 0–12 mm crankshaft offset range evaluated the piston lateral force, moment, and friction losses depending on the crankshaft angle. The results show that a 3 mm offset in the thrust side direction is a critical comparison point and that under these conditions, the new mechanism reduces piston torque by 86% and friction losses by 84%. The linear bearing configuration has reduced friction-induced energy losses by an average of 80–85%. These findings demonstrate that crankshaft offset is an effective design parameter for increasing mechanical efficiency in auxiliary systems such as compressors and show that geometric optimization can significantly improve friction performance.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Vehicle Technique and Dynamics, Automotive Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Özgür Çetin ^*
0001-0001-7052-2275
Türkiye

Melih Okur
0000-0002-6017-1050
Türkiye

Erol Gültekin
0000-0001-6114-7362
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 10, 2026

Submission Date

January 23, 2026

Acceptance Date

March 8, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 10 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1869160

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA64SW65AL

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Çetin, Ö., Okur, M., & Gültekin, E. (2026). Effect of Crankshaft Offset on Piston Friction in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Air Compressor: FEA of Conventional and New Mechanisms. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, 10(1), 157-168. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1869160

AMA

1.Çetin Ö, Okur M, Gültekin E. Effect of Crankshaft Offset on Piston Friction in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Air Compressor: FEA of Conventional and New Mechanisms. IJASTECH. 2026;10(1):157-168. doi:10.30939/ijastech.1869160

Chicago

Çetin, Özgür, Melih Okur, and Erol Gültekin. 2026. “Effect of Crankshaft Offset on Piston Friction in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Air Compressor: FEA of Conventional and New Mechanisms”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 10 (1): 157-68. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1869160.

EndNote

Çetin Ö, Okur M, Gültekin E (March 1, 2026) Effect of Crankshaft Offset on Piston Friction in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Air Compressor: FEA of Conventional and New Mechanisms. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 10 1 157–168.

IEEE

[1]Ö. Çetin, M. Okur, and E. Gültekin, “Effect of Crankshaft Offset on Piston Friction in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Air Compressor: FEA of Conventional and New Mechanisms”, IJASTECH, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 157–168, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.30939/ijastech..1869160.

ISNAD

Çetin, Özgür - Okur, Melih - Gültekin, Erol. “Effect of Crankshaft Offset on Piston Friction in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Air Compressor: FEA of Conventional and New Mechanisms”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 10/1 (March 1, 2026): 157-168. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1869160.

JAMA

1.Çetin Ö, Okur M, Gültekin E. Effect of Crankshaft Offset on Piston Friction in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Air Compressor: FEA of Conventional and New Mechanisms. IJASTECH. 2026;10:157–168.

MLA

Çetin, Özgür, et al. “Effect of Crankshaft Offset on Piston Friction in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Air Compressor: FEA of Conventional and New Mechanisms”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, vol. 10, no. 1, Mar. 2026, pp. 157-68, doi:10.30939/ijastech. 1869160.

Vancouver

1.Özgür Çetin, Melih Okur, Erol Gültekin. Effect of Crankshaft Offset on Piston Friction in a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Air Compressor: FEA of Conventional and New Mechanisms. IJASTECH. 2026 Mar. 1;10(1):157-68. doi:10.30939/ijastech. 1869160