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Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of Boron Carbide Reinforced Composite Materials

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 4, 71 - 76, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..627137

Abstract

In this study, the usability of boron carbide as a
reinforcement material in friction composites was investigated experimentally.
Hence, composite samples containing different amounts of boron carbide (5%, 10%
and 15%) were produced and compared with boron carbide-free sample. Friction
and wear tests were determined by a full scale brake friction tester according
to TS 555 and TS 9076 standards. The hardness of the samples was calculated by
Rockwell hardness tester and the density was calculated according to
Archimedes' principle. The results showed that boron carbide could be used as a
reinforcement material in friction composites.

References

  • Bijwe, J. (1997). Composites as friction materials: recent developments in non- asbestos fiber reinforced friction materials. Polymer Composites, 18, 378–396.
  • Sugözü, İ. (2015). Investigation of using rice husk dust and ulexite in automotive brake pads. Materials Testing, 57, 877–882.
  • Lenin Singaravelu, D., Vijay, R. and Rahul, M. (2015). Influence of Crab Shell on Tribological Characterization of Eco-Friendly Products Based Non Asbestos Brake Friction Materials. SAE Brake Colloquium & Exhibition - 33rd Annual.
  • Öztürk, B. and Mutlu, T. (2016). Effects of Zinc Borate and Fly Ash on the Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Brake Friction Materials. Tribology Transactions, 59, 622–631.
  • Aranganathan, N., Mahale, V. and Bijwe, J. (2016). Effects of aramid fiber concentration on the friction and wear characteristics of non-asbestos organic friction composites using standardized braking tests. Wear, 354–355, 69–77.
  • Fei, J., Li, H. J., Fu, Y. W., Qi, L. H. and Zhang, Y. L. (2010). Effect of phenolic resin content on performance of carbon fiber reinforced paper-based friction material. Wear, 269, 534-540.
  • Dadkar, N., Tomar, B. S., Satapathy, B. K. and Patnaik, A. (2010). Performance assessment of hybrid composite friction materials based on flyash – rock fibre combination. Materials and Design, 31, 723–731.
  • Satapathy, B. K. and Bijwe, J. (2004). Performance of friction materials based on variation in nature of organic fibres Part I. Fade and recovery behaviour. Wear, 257, 573–584.
  • Nirmal, U., Hashim, J. and Megat Ahmad, M. M. H. (2015). A review on tribological performance of natural fibre polymeric composites. Tribology International, 83, 77–104.
  • Jang, H., Ko, K., Kim, S. J., Basch, R. H. and Fash, J. W. (2004). The effect of metal fibers on the friction performance of automotive brake friction materials. Wear, 256, 406–414.
  • Ikpambese, K. K., Gundu, D. T. and Tuleun, L.T. (2016). Evaluation of palm kernel fibers (PKFs ) for production of asbestos-free automotive brake pads. Journal of King Saud University - Engineering Sciences 28, 110–8.
  • Zhang, X., Li, K. Z., Li, H. J., Fu, Y. W. and Fei, J. (2014). Tribological and mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced paper-based composite friction material. Tribology International, 69, 156–67.
  • Qu, X., Zhang, L., Ding, H. and Liu, G. (2004). The Effect of Steel Fiber Orientation on Frictional Properties of Asbestos-Free Friction Materials. Polymer Composites, 25, 94–101.
  • Öztürk, B., Arslan, F. and Öztürk, S. (2013). Effects of different kinds of fibers on mechanical and tribological properties of brake friction materials. Tribology Transactions, 56, 536–545.
  • Ho, S. C., Chern Lin, J. H. and Ju, C. P. (2005). Effect of fiber addition on mechanical and tribological properties of a copper/phenolic-based friction material. Wear, 258, 861–869.
  • Satapathy, B. K., Patnaik, A., Dadkar, N., Kolluri, D. K. and Tomar, B. S. (2011). Influence of vermiculite on performance of flyash-based fibre-reinforced hybrid composites as friction materials. Materials and Design, 32, 4354–4361.
  • Xin, X., Xu, C. G. and Qing, L. F. (2007). Friction properties of sisal fibre reinforced resin brake composites. Wear, 262, 736–741.
  • Boz, M. and Kurt, A. (2007). The effect of Al2O3 on the friction performance of automotive brake friction materials. Tribology International, 40, 1161–1169.
  • Sugözü, B. (2018). Tribological properties of brake friction materials containing fly ash. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, 70, 902–906.
  • Bashir, M., Saleem, S. S. and Bashir, O. (2015). Friction and wear behavior of disc brake pad material using banana peel powder. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 4, 650–659.
  • Sugözü, B., Dağhan, B. and Akdemir, A. (2018). Effect of the size on the friction characteristics of brake friction materials: a case study with Al2O3. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, 70, 1020–1024.
  • Sugözü, İ. and Kahya, K. (2018). Investigation of the Effect on Tribological Properties of the use of Pinus Brutia Cone as a Binder in Brake Pads. European Mechanical Science, 2, 115–118.
  • Bijwe, J. and Kumar, M. (2007). Optimization of steel wool contents in non-asbestos organic (NAO) friction composites for best combination of thermal conductivity and tribo-performance. Wear, 263, 1243–1248.
  • Wannik, W. B., Ayob, A. F., Syahrullail, S., Masjuki, H. H. and Ahmad, M. F. (2012). The effect of boron friction modifier on the performance of brake pads. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 7, 31–35.
  • Öztürk, B. and Mutlu, T. (2016). Effects of Zinc Borate and Fly Ash on the Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Brake Friction Materials. Tribology Transactions, 59, 622–631.
  • Düzcükoğlu, H., Ekinci, Ş., Şahin, Ö. S., Avci, A., Ekrem, M. and Ünaldi, M. (2015). Enhancement of Wear and Friction Characteristics of Epoxy Resin by Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube and Boron Nitride Nanoparticles. Tribology Transactions, 58, 635–642.
  • Akıncıoğlu, G., Öktem, H., Uygur, I. and Akıncıoğlu, S. (2018). Determination of Friction-Wear Performance and Properties of Eco-Friendly Brake Pads Reinforced with Hazelnut Shell and Boron Dusts. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 43, 4727–4737.
  • Sugozu, I., Mutlu, I. and Sugozu, B. (2018). The effect of ulexite to the tribological properties of brake lining materials. Polymer Composites, 39, 55–62.
  • Sugözü, İ., Mutlu, İ. and Sugözü, B. (2016). The effect of colemanite on the friction performance of automotive brake friction materials. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, 68, 92–98.
  • Abdul Hamid, M. K., Stachowiak, G. W. and Syahrullail, S. (2013). The Effect of External Grit Particle Size on Friction Coefficients and Grit Embedment of Brake Friction Material. Procedia Engineering, 68, 7–11.
  • Shin, M. W., Kim, Y. H. and Jang, H. (2014). Effect of the Abrasive Size on the Friction Effectiveness and Instability of Brake Friction Materials : A Case Study with Zircon. Tribology Letters, 55, 371–379.
  • Sugözü, B., Dağhan, B., Akdemir, A. and Ataberk N. (2016). Friction and wear properties of friction materials containing nano/micro-sized SiO2 particles. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, 68, 259–266.
  • Amaren, S. G., Yawas, D. S. and Aku, S. Y. (2013). Effect of periwinkles shell particle size on the wear behavior of asbestos free brake pad. Results in Physics, 3, 109–114.
  • Matějka, V., Lu, Y., Jiao, L., Huang, L., Simha, Martynková, G. and Tomášek, V. (2010). Effects of silicon carbide particle sizes on friction-wear properties of friction composites designed for car brake lining applications. Tribology International, 43, 144–151.
  • Kukutschová, J., Moravec, P., Tomášek, V., Matějka, V., Smolík, J., Schwarz, J., Seidlerová, J., Šafářová, K. and Filip, P. (2011). On airborne nano/micro-sized wear particles released from low-metallic automotive brakes. Environmental Pollution, 159, 998–1006.
  • Cho, K. H., Jang, H., Hong, Y. S., Kim, S. J., Basch, R. H. and Fash, J. W. (2008). The size effect of zircon particles on the friction characteristics of brake lining materials. Wear, 264, 291–297.
  • TSE 555, (1992). Highway Vehicles-Brake System-Brake Pads for Friction Brake, Ankara, Turkey.
  • TS 9076, (1991). Road Vehicles- Brake Linings- Evaluation of Friction Material Characteristics- Small Sample Bench Test Procedure, Ankara, Turkey.
Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 4, 71 - 76, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..627137

Abstract

References

  • Bijwe, J. (1997). Composites as friction materials: recent developments in non- asbestos fiber reinforced friction materials. Polymer Composites, 18, 378–396.
  • Sugözü, İ. (2015). Investigation of using rice husk dust and ulexite in automotive brake pads. Materials Testing, 57, 877–882.
  • Lenin Singaravelu, D., Vijay, R. and Rahul, M. (2015). Influence of Crab Shell on Tribological Characterization of Eco-Friendly Products Based Non Asbestos Brake Friction Materials. SAE Brake Colloquium & Exhibition - 33rd Annual.
  • Öztürk, B. and Mutlu, T. (2016). Effects of Zinc Borate and Fly Ash on the Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Brake Friction Materials. Tribology Transactions, 59, 622–631.
  • Aranganathan, N., Mahale, V. and Bijwe, J. (2016). Effects of aramid fiber concentration on the friction and wear characteristics of non-asbestos organic friction composites using standardized braking tests. Wear, 354–355, 69–77.
  • Fei, J., Li, H. J., Fu, Y. W., Qi, L. H. and Zhang, Y. L. (2010). Effect of phenolic resin content on performance of carbon fiber reinforced paper-based friction material. Wear, 269, 534-540.
  • Dadkar, N., Tomar, B. S., Satapathy, B. K. and Patnaik, A. (2010). Performance assessment of hybrid composite friction materials based on flyash – rock fibre combination. Materials and Design, 31, 723–731.
  • Satapathy, B. K. and Bijwe, J. (2004). Performance of friction materials based on variation in nature of organic fibres Part I. Fade and recovery behaviour. Wear, 257, 573–584.
  • Nirmal, U., Hashim, J. and Megat Ahmad, M. M. H. (2015). A review on tribological performance of natural fibre polymeric composites. Tribology International, 83, 77–104.
  • Jang, H., Ko, K., Kim, S. J., Basch, R. H. and Fash, J. W. (2004). The effect of metal fibers on the friction performance of automotive brake friction materials. Wear, 256, 406–414.
  • Ikpambese, K. K., Gundu, D. T. and Tuleun, L.T. (2016). Evaluation of palm kernel fibers (PKFs ) for production of asbestos-free automotive brake pads. Journal of King Saud University - Engineering Sciences 28, 110–8.
  • Zhang, X., Li, K. Z., Li, H. J., Fu, Y. W. and Fei, J. (2014). Tribological and mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced paper-based composite friction material. Tribology International, 69, 156–67.
  • Qu, X., Zhang, L., Ding, H. and Liu, G. (2004). The Effect of Steel Fiber Orientation on Frictional Properties of Asbestos-Free Friction Materials. Polymer Composites, 25, 94–101.
  • Öztürk, B., Arslan, F. and Öztürk, S. (2013). Effects of different kinds of fibers on mechanical and tribological properties of brake friction materials. Tribology Transactions, 56, 536–545.
  • Ho, S. C., Chern Lin, J. H. and Ju, C. P. (2005). Effect of fiber addition on mechanical and tribological properties of a copper/phenolic-based friction material. Wear, 258, 861–869.
  • Satapathy, B. K., Patnaik, A., Dadkar, N., Kolluri, D. K. and Tomar, B. S. (2011). Influence of vermiculite on performance of flyash-based fibre-reinforced hybrid composites as friction materials. Materials and Design, 32, 4354–4361.
  • Xin, X., Xu, C. G. and Qing, L. F. (2007). Friction properties of sisal fibre reinforced resin brake composites. Wear, 262, 736–741.
  • Boz, M. and Kurt, A. (2007). The effect of Al2O3 on the friction performance of automotive brake friction materials. Tribology International, 40, 1161–1169.
  • Sugözü, B. (2018). Tribological properties of brake friction materials containing fly ash. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, 70, 902–906.
  • Bashir, M., Saleem, S. S. and Bashir, O. (2015). Friction and wear behavior of disc brake pad material using banana peel powder. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 4, 650–659.
  • Sugözü, B., Dağhan, B. and Akdemir, A. (2018). Effect of the size on the friction characteristics of brake friction materials: a case study with Al2O3. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, 70, 1020–1024.
  • Sugözü, İ. and Kahya, K. (2018). Investigation of the Effect on Tribological Properties of the use of Pinus Brutia Cone as a Binder in Brake Pads. European Mechanical Science, 2, 115–118.
  • Bijwe, J. and Kumar, M. (2007). Optimization of steel wool contents in non-asbestos organic (NAO) friction composites for best combination of thermal conductivity and tribo-performance. Wear, 263, 1243–1248.
  • Wannik, W. B., Ayob, A. F., Syahrullail, S., Masjuki, H. H. and Ahmad, M. F. (2012). The effect of boron friction modifier on the performance of brake pads. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 7, 31–35.
  • Öztürk, B. and Mutlu, T. (2016). Effects of Zinc Borate and Fly Ash on the Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Brake Friction Materials. Tribology Transactions, 59, 622–631.
  • Düzcükoğlu, H., Ekinci, Ş., Şahin, Ö. S., Avci, A., Ekrem, M. and Ünaldi, M. (2015). Enhancement of Wear and Friction Characteristics of Epoxy Resin by Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube and Boron Nitride Nanoparticles. Tribology Transactions, 58, 635–642.
  • Akıncıoğlu, G., Öktem, H., Uygur, I. and Akıncıoğlu, S. (2018). Determination of Friction-Wear Performance and Properties of Eco-Friendly Brake Pads Reinforced with Hazelnut Shell and Boron Dusts. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 43, 4727–4737.
  • Sugozu, I., Mutlu, I. and Sugozu, B. (2018). The effect of ulexite to the tribological properties of brake lining materials. Polymer Composites, 39, 55–62.
  • Sugözü, İ., Mutlu, İ. and Sugözü, B. (2016). The effect of colemanite on the friction performance of automotive brake friction materials. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, 68, 92–98.
  • Abdul Hamid, M. K., Stachowiak, G. W. and Syahrullail, S. (2013). The Effect of External Grit Particle Size on Friction Coefficients and Grit Embedment of Brake Friction Material. Procedia Engineering, 68, 7–11.
  • Shin, M. W., Kim, Y. H. and Jang, H. (2014). Effect of the Abrasive Size on the Friction Effectiveness and Instability of Brake Friction Materials : A Case Study with Zircon. Tribology Letters, 55, 371–379.
  • Sugözü, B., Dağhan, B., Akdemir, A. and Ataberk N. (2016). Friction and wear properties of friction materials containing nano/micro-sized SiO2 particles. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, 68, 259–266.
  • Amaren, S. G., Yawas, D. S. and Aku, S. Y. (2013). Effect of periwinkles shell particle size on the wear behavior of asbestos free brake pad. Results in Physics, 3, 109–114.
  • Matějka, V., Lu, Y., Jiao, L., Huang, L., Simha, Martynková, G. and Tomášek, V. (2010). Effects of silicon carbide particle sizes on friction-wear properties of friction composites designed for car brake lining applications. Tribology International, 43, 144–151.
  • Kukutschová, J., Moravec, P., Tomášek, V., Matějka, V., Smolík, J., Schwarz, J., Seidlerová, J., Šafářová, K. and Filip, P. (2011). On airborne nano/micro-sized wear particles released from low-metallic automotive brakes. Environmental Pollution, 159, 998–1006.
  • Cho, K. H., Jang, H., Hong, Y. S., Kim, S. J., Basch, R. H. and Fash, J. W. (2008). The size effect of zircon particles on the friction characteristics of brake lining materials. Wear, 264, 291–297.
  • TSE 555, (1992). Highway Vehicles-Brake System-Brake Pads for Friction Brake, Ankara, Turkey.
  • TS 9076, (1991). Road Vehicles- Brake Linings- Evaluation of Friction Material Characteristics- Small Sample Bench Test Procedure, Ankara, Turkey.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mechanical Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Banu Sugözü 0000-0002-7798-2677

İlker Sugözü 0000-0001-8340-8121

Publication Date December 31, 2019
Submission Date September 30, 2019
Acceptance Date November 14, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 3 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Sugözü, B., & Sugözü, İ. (2019). Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of Boron Carbide Reinforced Composite Materials. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, 3(4), 71-76. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..627137
AMA Sugözü B, Sugözü İ. Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of Boron Carbide Reinforced Composite Materials. IJASTECH. December 2019;3(4):71-76. doi:10.30939/ijastech.627137
Chicago Sugözü, Banu, and İlker Sugözü. “Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of Boron Carbide Reinforced Composite Materials”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 3, no. 4 (December 2019): 71-76. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 627137.
EndNote Sugözü B, Sugözü İ (December 1, 2019) Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of Boron Carbide Reinforced Composite Materials. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 3 4 71–76.
IEEE B. Sugözü and İ. Sugözü, “Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of Boron Carbide Reinforced Composite Materials”, IJASTECH, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 71–76, 2019, doi: 10.30939/ijastech..627137.
ISNAD Sugözü, Banu - Sugözü, İlker. “Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of Boron Carbide Reinforced Composite Materials”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 3/4 (December 2019), 71-76. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 627137.
JAMA Sugözü B, Sugözü İ. Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of Boron Carbide Reinforced Composite Materials. IJASTECH. 2019;3:71–76.
MLA Sugözü, Banu and İlker Sugözü. “Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of Boron Carbide Reinforced Composite Materials”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, vol. 3, no. 4, 2019, pp. 71-76, doi:10.30939/ijastech. 627137.
Vancouver Sugözü B, Sugözü İ. Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of Boron Carbide Reinforced Composite Materials. IJASTECH. 2019;3(4):71-6.


International Journal of Automotive Science and Technology (IJASTECH) is published by Society of Automotive Engineers Turkey

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