Beyaz Baş Lahana (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) Yetiştiriciliğinde Organomineral Gübrelerin Verim ve Kaliteye Etkileri

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 402 - 413, 15.12.2022

Hayriye Yıldız Daşgan , Vahide Zengin

https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.1120661

Öz

Bu çalışma Hatay’ın Yayladağı ilçesinde beyaz baş lahana (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) yetiştiriciliğinde organomineral gübrelerin lahana verimi ve kalitesi üzerine etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada 6 farklı mineral ve organomineral gübre kombinasyonu kullanılmıştır. Bunlar; 1) Sıfır gübre- kontrol,2) %0 OM (Organomineral Gübre)+%100M (Mineral Gübre), 3) %25 OM+%75 M, 4) %50 OM+%50 M, 5) %75 OM+%25 M ve 6) %100 OM+%0 M’dır. Mineral taban gübresi olarak %15.15.15 NPK içeren mineral gübre kullanılırken, organomineral taban gübresi olarak %15 organik madde ve 15.15.15 NPK içeren organomineral gübre kullanılmıştır. Üst gübreleme olarak, içeriği %20 organik madde ve %5.0.30 NPK+2Mg+0.5Zn olan organomineral gübre ile amonyum sülfat, kalsiyum nitrat, potasyum sülfat ve magnezyum sülfat mineral gübreleri kullanılmıştır. Organomineral gübrelerin etkilerini görmek üzere, lahana verimi, lahana baş ağırlığı, çapı, yüksekliği, çevresi, yaprak sayısı, yaprak kalınlığı, yaprak boyu, lahana yaprağı C vitamini toplam fenol, toplam flavanoid içerikleri, mineral besin maddesi analizleri yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, verim ve incelenen özellikler bakımından organomineral ve mineral gübrelerin yarı yarıya kullanıldığı %50 OM+%50 M uygulaması ilk sırada ve ikinci sırada ise %75 OM+%25 M uygulamaları önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

sürdürülebilir tarım, organik madde, bitki besleme, beyaz baş lahana yetiştiriciliği, white cabbage growing

Destekleyen Kurum

Çukurova Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Proje Numarası

FYL-2019-12456 nolu Yüksek Lisans Tez Projesi

Effects of Organomineral Fertilizers on Yield and Quality in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) Cultivation

Öz

This study was carried out to reveal the effects of organomineral fertilizers on yield and quality in white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) cultivation in Hatay /Yayladagı region. Six combinations of mineral and organomineral fertilizers were usedin the experiment. These were; 1) Zero fertilizer as control 2) 0% OM (Organomineral Fertilizer )+100 M (Mineral Fertilizer), 3) 25% OM+75% M, 4) 50% OM+50% M, 5) 75% OM+25% M and 6) 100% OM+0% M. While the fertilizer with a content of 15.15.15% NPK was used for mineral base fertilizer, the content of 15.15.15% NPK+15% organic matter was used for organomineral base fertilizer. Organomimeral top fertilization contained 20% organic matter and 5.0.30NPK+2Mg+trace nutrients was applied. Mineral fertlizer sources for top fertilization were ammonium sülf ate, calcium nitrate, potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate. The effects of organomineral fertilizers on cabbage yield, cabbage head fresh weight, cabbage head diameter, cabbage head height, cabbage firmness, number of leaf, leaf thickness, vitamin C, total phenol, total flavonoid contents, and macro- micro mineral nutrient contents were investigated. As a result, in terms of yield and cabbage quality properties examined 50% OM+50% M application was recommended in the first place and 75% OM + 25% M application was recommended in the second place.

Anahtar Kelimeler

sustanible agriculture, organic matter, plant nutrition, white cabbage growing

Proje Numarası

FYL-2019-12456 nolu Yüksek Lisans Tez Projesi

Kaynakça

• Anac, D., Eryuce, N., Ozkan, C.F., Simsek, M., Demirtas, E.L., Asri, F.Ö., Güven, D., & Ari, N. (2019). Effect of different potassium and sulfate fertilizer types on cabbage yield and quality. Potash Institute Proceeding Research Findings, No.56, 11-40.
• Bozokalfa, M.K., Kavak, S., Eşiyok, D., Uğur, A., & Yağmur, B. (2003). Savoy lahanasında (Brassica oleracea L. var. sabauda) fosfor uygulamalarının verim ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 40(1), 17-24.
• Citak, S., & Sonmez, S. (2010). Influence of organic and conventional growing conditions on the nutrient contents of white head cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) during two successive seasons. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(3), 1788–1793. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf903416a
• Dhaliwal, S. S., Naresh, R. K., Mandal, A., Singh, R., & Dhaliwal, M. K. (2019). Dynamics and transformations of micronutrients in agricultural soils as influenced by organic matter build-up: A review. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators. Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2019.100007
• Dumičıć, G., Vukobratovic, M., Vukobratovic, Z., Urlic, B., Zanko, M. & Kudic, K. (2013). Effect of fertilization on cabbage yield characteristics. Journal of Ege University Faculty of Agriculture, Special Issue 2, 399-403
• FAO, (2020). Agriculture statistics The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
• Jones, J.B. (2001). Laboratory guide for conducting soil tests and plant analysis, CRC Press, 384 Pages, ISBN 9780849302060.
• Jones, J.B. Jr., Wolf, B., & Mills, H.A. (1991). Plant analysis handbook, Micro Macro Publishing, Inc. Georgia 30607, USA.
• Kacar B., & Kovancı İ. (1982). Bitki, toprak ve gübrelerde kimyasal fosfor analizleri ve sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 354, İzmir
• Kibar, B. (2020). Mikrobiyal gübre uygulamasının marul ve beyaz baş lahanada çimlenme ve fide gelişimi üzerine etkileri. Uluslararası Tarım ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 389-398. https://doi: 10.24180/ijaws.801698
• Kumar, J., Phookan., D.B., Lal, N., Kumar, H., Sinha, K., & Hazarika, M. (2015).Effect of organic manures and biofertilizers on nutritional quality of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). Journal of Ecofriendly Agriculture, 10(2), 114-119.
• Liu, E., Yan, C., Mei, X., He, W., Bing, S. H., Ding, L.,Fan, T. (2010). Long-term effect of chemical fertilizer, straw, and manure on soil chemical and biological properties in northwest China. Geoderma, 158(3–4), 173–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.04.029
• Makinde, E. A., Ayeni, L. S., & Olaniyi, J. O. (2011). Effects of organic,organomineral and npk fertilizer treatments on the nutrient uptake of Amaranthus cruentue (L.) on two soil types in Lagos. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 12, 114-23.
• Manea, A. I. (2017). Fertilizer type on cabbage growth and yield. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 23(6), 567–574. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2017.1350245
• Nawirska-Olszańska, A., Biesiada, A., & Kita, A. (2021). Effect of different forms of sulfur fertilization on bioactive components and antioxidant activity of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.). Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 11(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188784
• Olaniyi J., & Ojetayo A. (2011). Effect of fertilizer types on the growth and yield of two cabbage varieties. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 12(2), 1573 – 1582.
• Özkan, M., Kırca, A., & Cemeroğlu, B. (2007). Gıdalarda uygulanan bazı özel analiz yöntemleri. Cemeroğlu, B., (Ed), Gıda Analizleri, kitabında sayfa 129-186. Bizim Büro Basımevi, Ankara
• Preetha D., Sushama, P.K., & Marykutty, K.C. (2005). Vermicompost+inorganicfertilizers promote yield and nutrient uptake of amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.). Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 43, 87-89.
• Quettier-Deleu, C., Gressier, B., Vasseur, J., Dine, T., Brunet, C., Luyckx, M., Cazin M., Cazin J.C., Bailleul, F., & Trotin, F. (2000). Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hulls and flour. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 72(1–2), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00196-3
• Reza, M. S., Islam, A. K. M. S., Rahman, M. A., Miah, M. Y., Akhter, S., & Rahman, M. M. (2016). Impact of organic fertilizers on yield and nutrient uptake ofcabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). Journal of Science, Technology and Environment Informatics, 3(2), 231-244.
• Shan, L., He, Y., Chen, J., Huang, Q., & Wang, H. (2015). Ammonia volatilization from a Chinese cabbage field under different nitrogen treatments in the Taihu lake basin, China. Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), 38, 14–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2015.04.028
• Spanos, G. A., & Wrolstad, R. E. (1990). Influence of processing and storage on the phenolic composition of thompson seedless grape juice. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 38(7), 1565–1571. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00097a030
• Süzer, S. (2010)a. Effects of nitrogen and plant density on dwarf sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids. Sunbio 2010 8’th European Sunflower Biotechnology Conference, 1-3 March 2010, Antalya, Turkey. pp. 76,
• Süzer, S. (2010)b. Effects of potassium fertilization on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.) Growth. Proceedings of the Regional Workshop of the International Potash Institute held at Antalya,Turkey, 22-25.
• Süzer, S., & Çulhacı, E. (2016). Effects of different organomineral and inorganic compound fertilizers on seed yield and some yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). 19 th International Sunflower Conference Proceedings, 919-923.
• Tavalı İ.E., Maltaş A.Ş., Uz, İ., & Kaplan, M. (2014). Vermikompostun beyaz başlahananın (Brassica oleracea var. alba) verim, kalite ve mineral beslenme durumu üzerine etkisi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(1), 61-67.