Evaluating the Influence of Coconut Oil Pulling and Adhesive Application Modes on Shear Bond Strength to Enamel

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effects of coconut oil pulling and two different application modes of Clearfil™ Universal Bond Quick (etch-and-rinse vs. self-etch) on the shear bond strength of composite resins to bovine enamel. Methods:Forty healthy bovine incisor teeth were selected, cleaned, and stored in a 0.1% thymol solution for one week.The crowns were separated from the roots and embedded in acrylic resin blocks. Oil pulling group: Samples were treated with coconut oil pulling prior to adhesive application.Non-oil pulling group: Samples did not undergo oil pulling. Two adhesive application modes of Clearfil™ Universal Bond Quick were tested:Etch-and-rinse mode.Self-etch mode.Composite resin was bonded to the enamel surface, and the shear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine.The results were analyzed using ANOVA, with p-values set to <0.05 to determine statistical significance. Results:Statistically significant differences were observed between the test groups (p<0.001). The group treated with coconut oil pulling exhibited lower bond strength compared to the control group without oil pulling. Additionally, the etch-and-rinse application mode resulted in significantly higher bond strength compared to the self-etch mode, regardless of oil pulling treatment. Conclusions:Coconut oil pulling was found to reduce the shear bond strength of composite resins to bovine enamel. Furthermore, the etch-and-rinse adhesive application mode outperformed the self-etch mode in terms of bond strength. These findings suggest that oil pulling may interfere with adhesive bonding, and the choice of adhesive mode plays a crucial role in optimizing bond strength.

Keywords

• adhesive
• oil pulling
• shear bond strength

References

1. 1. Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Yoshida Y, et al. Adhesion to enamel and dentin: current status and future challenges. Oper Dent. 2003;28(3):215-235.
2. 2. Pashley DH, Sano H, Ciucchi B, Yoshiyama M, Carvalho RM. Adhesion testing of dentin bonding agents: a review. Dent Mater. 1995;11(2):117-125.
3. 3. Asokan S, Emmadi P, Chamundeswari R. Effect of oil pulling on plaque-induced gingivitis: a randomized, controlled, triple-blind study. Indian J Dent Res. 2009;20(1):47-51.
4. 4. Tomar P, Hongal S, Jain M, Rana K, Saxena V. Oil pulling and oral health: a review. IJSS Case Rep Rev. 2014;1(3):33-37.
5. 5. Bergsson G, Arnfinnsson JH, Steingrímsson O, Thormar H. In vitro killing of Candida albicans by fatty acids and monoglycerides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001;45(11):3209-3212.
6. 6. Asokan S, Kumar RS, Emmadi P, Raghuraman R, Sivakumar N. Effect of oil pulling on halitosis and microorganisms causing halitosis: a randomized controlled pilot trial. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2011;29(2):90-94.
7. 7. Shanbhag VKL. Oil pulling for maintaining oral hygiene: a review. J Tradit Complement Med. 2017;7(1):106-109.
8. 8. Chen H, Feng S, Jin Y, Hou Y, Zhu S. Comparison of bond strength of universal adhesives using different etching modes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Mater J. 2022;41(1):1-10.

9. 9. Armstrong S, Geraldeli S, Maia R, Raposo LHA, Soares CJ, Yamagawa J. Adhesion to tooth structure: a critical review of "micro" bond strength test methods. Dent Mater. 2010;26(2):e50-e62.
10. 10. Peedikayil FC, Sreenivasan P, Narayanan A. Effect of coconut oil in plaque-related gingivitis: a preliminary report. Niger Med J. 2015;56(2):143.
11. 11. Sood P, Narang R, Swathi V, Makkar DK. Comparative efficacy of oil pulling and chlorhexidine on oral malodor: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(11):ZC18.
12. 12. Meral E, Atalay C, Ergin E. Effect of different mouthwashing regimens on adhesion of a universal adhesive: a microshear bond strength and scanning electron microscopy evaluation. Clin Exp Health Sci. 2022;12(4):919-925.
13. 13. Asokan S, Rathan J, Muthu M, Rathna PV, Emmadi P. Effect of oil pulling on Streptococcus mutans count in plaque and saliva using Dentocult SM Strip mutans test: a randomized, controlled, triple-blind study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2008;26(1):12-17.
14. 14. Parolia A. Oil hygiene. Br Dent J. 2009;207(9):408-408.
15. 15. Inoue S, Vargas MA, Abe Y, et al. Microtensile bond strength of eleven contemporary adhesives to dentin. J Adhes Dent. 2001;3(3):299-305.
16. 16. Sfondrini MF, Scribante A, Cacciafesta V, Gandini P. Shear bond strength of deciduous and permanent bovine enamel. J Adhes Dent. 2011;13(3):227-230.
17. 17. Silva NR, Castro CG, Santos-Filho PC, et al. Influence of different post design and composition on stress distribution in maxillary central incisor: finite element analysis. Indian J Dent Res. 2009;20(2):153-158.
18. 18. Vieira BR, de Andrade Dantas EL, Cavalcanti YW, Santiago BM, de Sousa FB. Comparison of self-etching adhesives and etch-and-rinse adhesives on the failure rate of posterior composite resin restorations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Dent. 2022;16(2):258-265.