Examination of Mental Stamina and Athlete Injury Anxiety Levels of Wrestlers

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 210 - 222, 25.01.2024

Çisem Ünlü , Abdulkerim Çeviker , Abdüsselam Turgut , Osman Kusan , Efecan Tezcan , Kübra Gür , Turgut Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1381006

Cited By: 1

Öz

The aim of this research is to examine the mental endurance and athlete injury anxiety levels of athletes interested in wrestling from some demographic perspectives. In the study, a descriptive scanning model was used. The universe of the research consists of athletes from various cities of Turkey who are interested in wrestling, and the sample consists of 341 athletes selected by random sampling method among wrestling athletes from Ankara, Gümüşhane, Istanbul, Samsun and İzmir, Kayseri. As a data collection tool, the demographic information form developed by the researchers was used "Athlete Injury Anxiety Scale". In the study, the assumption of normality was first examined with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests in the statistical evaluation of the data. The research findings were given as n (%), mean and standard deviation values, and the findings were considered significant at the p<0.05 level. In the study, there was no significant relationship between age, undergraduate status and educational status variables, athlete injury anxiety levels and mental toughness levels; When the athlete's age, athlete's injury status, gender, number of nationality variables were examined, it was determined that there was a significant difference in some sub-dimensions of the mental toughness inventory and in the total scores of the scale. As a result, it can be said that demographic variables such as age, gender, being a national athlete are effective on the mental endurance and disability anxiety of the athletes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Athlete, Anxiety, Mental Toughness, Wrestling

Kaynakça

• Altıntaş, A. (2015). The role of dispositional flow, motivation level and goal orientation in determining mental toughness of athletes. PhD Thesis, Ankara University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Sport Sciences, Ankara, 124p, (in Turkish).
• Altıntaş, A. and Koruç, P. B. (2017). Examining Psychometric Properties of The Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire-SMTQ. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences , 27(4): 162-171. [CrossRef]
• Andersen M.B. and Williams J.M. (1999). Athletic İnjury, Psychosocial Factors and Perceptual Changes During Stress. J Sports Sci, 17: 735–741. [PubMed]
• Anshel, M., & Anderson, D. (2002). Coping with Acute Stress in Sport: Linking Athletes' Coping Style, Coping Strategies, Affect, and Motor Performance. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 15(2): 193-209. [CrossRef]
• Bromley, S. J., Drew, M. K., Talpey, S., McIntosh, A. S. and Finch, C. F. (2018). A Systematic Review of Prospective Epidemiological Research Into Injury and Illness in Olympic combat sport. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(1): 8-16. [PubMed]
• Caz, Ç., Kayhan, R.F. ve Bardakçı, S. (2019). Adaptation of Sport Injury Anxiety Scale into Turkish: Validity and Reliability Study. Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(1): 52-63. [CrossRef]
• Christakou, A., Stavrou, N. A., Psychountaki, M., and Zervas, Y. (2022). Re-injury Worry, Confidence and Attention as Predictors of A Sport Re-İnjury During A Competitive Season. Research in Sports Medicine, 30(1): 19-29. [PubMed]
• Collins, D. and MacNamara, Á. (2012). The Rocky Road To The Top. Sports Medicine, 42(11): 907-914. [PubMed]
• Connaughton, D., Hanton, S., Jones, G. and Wadey, R. (2008). Mental Toughness Research: Key İssues in This Area. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 39(3): 192- 204.
• Connaughton, D., Wadey, R., Hanton, S. and Jones, G. (2008). The Development and Maintenance of Mental Toughness: Perceptions of Elite Performers. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(1): 83-95. [PubMed]
• Elemiri, A. and Ahmet, A.L.Y. (2014). Mental Toughness and İts Relationship To The Achievement Level of The Weightlifters in Egypt. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 16(2): 63-69. [CrossRef]
• Fletcher, D. and Sarkar, M. (2012). A Grounded Theory of Psychological Resilience in Olympic champions. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(5): 669-678. [CrossRef]
• Galli, N. and Vealey, R. S. (2008). “Bouncing Back” from Adversity: Athletes’ Experiences of Resilience. The Sport Psychologist, 22(3): 316-335. [CrossRef]
• Gerber, M., Kalak, N., Lemola, S., Clough, P. J., Pühse, U., Elliot, C. and Brand, S. (2012). Adolescents' Exercise and Physical Activity Are Associated With Mental Toughness. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 5(1): 35-42. [CrossRef]
• Golby, J. and Sheard, M. (2004). Mental Toughness and Hardiness at Different Levels of Rugby League. Personality and Individual Differences, 37(5): 933-942. [CrossRef]
• Gould, D., Hodge, K., Peterson, K., & Petlichkoff, L. (1987). Psychological foundations of coaching: Similarities and differences among intercollegiate wrestling coaches. The Sport Psychologist, 1(4), 293-308. [CrossRef]
• Gucciardi, D. F., Peeling, P., Ducker, K. J. and Dawson, B. (2016). When The Going Gets Tough: Mental Toughness and İts Relationship with Behavioural Perseverance. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19(1): 81-86. [PubMed]
• Güvendi, B., Türksoy, A., Güçlü, M. and Konter, E. (2018). Examination of the Level Courage and Mental Toughness of Professional Wrestlers. International Journal of Sport Exercise and Training Sciences, 4(2): 70-78. [CrossRef]
• Hanson, S.J., McCullagh, P. and Tonymon, P. (1992). The Relationship of Personality Characteristics, Life Stress, and Coping Resources To Athletic İnjury. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 14(3): 34-42. [CrossRef]
• İnan, H. and Koç, M. (2021). The Relationship Between Life Satisfaction of The School of Physical Education and Sports Students and Their Levels of Sports Engagement. Journal of Educational Issues, 7(2): 67-74. [CrossRef]
• Johnson, U. and Ivarsson, A. (2011). Psychological Predictors of Sport İnjuries Among Junior Soccer Players. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 21(1): 129–136. [PubMed]
• Junge, A., Dvorak, J., Rosch, D., GrafBaumann, T., Chomiak, J. and Peterson, L. (2000). Psychological and Sport-Specific Characteristics of Football Players. Am J Sport Med, 28: 22–28. [PubMed]
• Junge, A. (2000). The İnfluence of Psychological Factors on Sports İnjuries. Review of The Literature. Am J Sports Med, 28: 10–15. [PubMed]
• Kalyon, T.A. (2003) Sports Medicine Athlete Health and Sports Injuries, (Third ed). Gata Publisiher, p. 177-8.
• Leddy, M. H., Lambert, M. J. and Ogles, B. M. (1994). Psychological Consequences of Athletic İnjury Among High-Level Competitors. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 65(4): 347-354. [PubMed]
• Lysens, R.J., Ostyn, M.S. and Vanden Auweele, Y. (1989). The Accident-Prone and Overuseprone Profiles of the Young Athlete. Am J Sports Med, 17: 612–619. [PubMed]
• Maddison, R. and Prapavessis, H.A. (2005). Psychological approach to the prediction and prevention of athletic injury. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 27(3): 289–310. [CrossRef]
• Nicholls, A. R., Polman, R. C., Levy, A.R. and Backhouse, S. H. (2009). Mental Toughness in Sport: Achievement Level, Gender, Age, Experience, and Sport Type Differences. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(1): 73-75. [CrossRef]
• Nicholls, A., Holt, N., Polman, R. and Bloomfield, J. (2006). Stressors, Coping, and Coping Effectiveness Among Professional Rugby Union Players. The Sport Psychologist, 20: 314-329. [CrossRef]
• Orhan, S. (2018). The relationship of emotional intelligence and mental toughness in individual and team athletes, Master Thesis, Marmara University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, (in Turkish)
• Rex, C.C. and Metzler, J.N. (2016). Development of The Sport İnjury Anxiety Scale. Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci. 20(3): 146-58. [CrossRef]
• Sarı, İ., Sağ, S. ve Demir, A.P. (2020). Mental Toughness In Sport: An Examınatıon In Taekwondo Athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 22(4): 98-110
• Schwebel, D.C., Banaszek, M.M. and McDaniel, M. (2007). Brief Report. Behavioral Risk Factors for Youth Soccer (Football) İnjury. J Pediatr Psychol, 32: 411–416. [PubMed]
• Sheard, M., Golby, J. and Van Wersch, A. (2009). Progress Towards Construct Validation of The Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ). European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 25: 186-193. [CrossRef]
• Shin, D. S. and Lee, K. H. (1994). A Comparative Study of Mental Toughness Between Elite and Non-Elite Female Athletes. Korean Journal of Sport Science, 6: 85-102.
• Tanyeri, L. (2019). Investigation of Injury Anxiety in Different Branches Athletes. International Journal of Society Researches, 13(19): 577-591. DOI: 10.26466/opus.588668
• Ünver, Ş., Şimşek, E., İslamoğlu, İ. and Arslan, H. (2020). Investigation of Injury Anxiety Levels of Athletes in University Teams. Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 14(3): 400-410.
• Yarayan, Y. E., Yıldız, A.B. ve Gülşen, D.B.A. (2018). Examınatıon Of Mental Toughness Levels Of Indıvıdual And Team Sports Players At Elıte Level Accordıng To Varıous Varıables. / The Journal of International Social Research, 11(57): 1307-9581. [CrossRef]
• Yıldız, A. B. (2017). Determination of relation between the mental toughness and of the self-efficacy levels of athletes. Master Thesis, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Ankara, (in Turkish).