INVESTIGATION OF ALKALI PHOSPHATASE ENZYME ACTIVITY OF GAZIANTEP AGRICULTURAL SOILS

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 76 - 87, 31.12.2022

Erdihan Tunç , Yunus Könez , Ömer Çelik , Mustafa Demir

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity and the effects of some soil properties on ALP enzyme activity in the soils of agricultural production areas in Gaziantep province. In the study, soil samples were taken from 24 dry farming plots, 12 irrigated farming plots and 9 fallow farming plots. In addition to ALP enzyme activity in soil samples, soil pH, EC, SOM, lime, soil texture, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents were determined. As a result of the study, it was determined that the soils were slightly alkaline, unsalted and very calcareous. These soils, which are deficient in organic matter (SOM) content, were found to be rich in P and K. However, the mean ALP enzyme activity was found to be 334.12 ± 123.83 µg p-NP.gr top-1.s. -one. As a result, the order of ALP enzyme activity according to land use was determined as fallow > irrigated agriculture > dry agriculture. There was no significant relationship between ALP enzyme activity and general soil properties. In this study, it was concluded that it is possible to increase the SOM content of soils only by using appropriate organic fertilizers.

Keywords

Alkaline phosphatase enzyme, soil, agriculkulture, Gaziantep

Supporting Institution

Gaziantep Üniversitesi

Project Number

BAPB FEF.YLT.20.06

Thanks

We would like to thank the Gaziantep University for funding the project.

References

• [1] Tabatabai, M.Ali. (2003). Soil Enzymes. In J. R. Plimmer, D. W. Gammon, N. R. Ragsdale (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Agrochemicals (pp. 1451–1462). A John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
• [2] Tunç, E., Şahin, E. Z., Demir, M., Çelik, Ö., Atakan, A. (2019). Determination of urease enzyme activity in different agricultural soils in Araban District of Gaziantep (Southeast Turkey). 1. International Congress on Sustainable Agriculture and Technology, 116–130.
• [3] Tunç, E., Gül, Ö. (2014). Analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) as a soil bioindicator in Karkamiş/Gaziantep pistachio orchards. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 23(2), 385–394.
• [4] Tunç E., Mekki S., Akgül H. (2013): Assessing Soils of Gaziantep Having High Susceptibility to Erosion from The Point of View of Microfungus. International Journal of Scientific Research ISSN No: 2277 - 8179. 2 (11), 52-56.
• [5] Tunç E.,Mekki S. (2013). The Investigation of Microalgea Status of Agriculturlands with Erosion Problem in Gaziantep. International Journal of Scientific Research ISSN No 2277 - 8179. 2, 11: 33-36.
• [6] Tunç E., Doğan B.(2022). The Effect of Lichens on Soil Agregate Stability. The International Journal of Energy & Engineering Sciences (IJEES), 7(1), 1-12.
• [7] Dotaniya, M. L., Aparna, K., Dotaniya, C. K., Singh, M., Regar, K. L. (2019). Role of soil enzymes in sustainable crop production. In M. Kuddus (Eds.), Enzymes in Food Biotechnology (pp. 569–589). Academic Press.
• [8] Tunç, E., Tekin, M., Demir, M. and Tsegai, A. (2020) Halophytic Species in Natural Areas Close to Agricultural Areas of Araban (Gaziantep, Turkey). Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment, 9, 48-58. doi: 10.4236/jacen.2020.92005.
• [9] Tunç, E., Özkan, A. (2010). Gaziantep’in tarım topraklarında erozyon sorunu ve bu konuda çiftçi eğitimi. EÜFBED-Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(2), 143–153.
• [10] Tabatabai, M. A. (1994). Soil Enzymes. In R. W. Weaver, J. S. Angle, P. Bottomley (Eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Microbiological and Biochemical Properties (pp. 775–833). SSSA.
• [11] Krämer, S., Green, D. M. (2000). Acid and alkaline phosphatase dynamics and their relationship to soil microclimate in a semiarid woodland. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 32, 179–188.
• [12] Skujins, J., Burns, R. G. (1976). Extracellular enzymes in soil. Critical Reviews in Microbiology, 4(4), 383–421.
• [13] Srinivasa Rao, C., Grover, M., Kundu, S., Desai, S. (2017). Soil Enzymes. In R. Lal (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Soil Science, (3rd edition, pp. 2100–2107). Taylor & Francis Group.
• [14] Pizer, N. H. (1967). Some divisory aspects soil potassium and magnesium. Tech. Bull., 14, 184–189.
• [15] Nannipieri, P., Giagnoni, L., Landi, L., Renella, G. (2011). Role of phosphatase enzymes in soil. In E. Bünemann, A. Oberson, E. Frossard (Eds.), Phosphorus in Action (pp. 215–243). Springer-Verlag.
• [16] Tunç, E., Demir, M. (2019). Enzymes and heavy metals in soil. 1. International Congress on Sustainable Agriculture and Technology. 199–215.
• [17] Haynes, R. J., Williams, P. H. (1993). Nutrient cycling and soil fertility in grazed pature ecosystem. Advances in Agronomy, 49, 119–199.
• [18] Condron, L. M., Turner, B. L., Cade-Menun, B. J. (2005). Chemistry and dynamics of soil organic phosphorus. In J. T. Sims, A. N. Sharpley (Eds.), Phosphorus: Agriculture and the Environment (pp. 87–121). Soil Science Society of America, Inc.
• [19] Zhu, J., Li, M., Whelan, M. (2018). Phosphorus activators contribute to legacy phosphorus availability in agricultural soils: A review. Science of the Total Environment, 612, 522–537.
• [20] Acosta-Martínez, V., Tabatabai, M. A. (2011). Phosphorus cycle enzymes. In R. P. Dick (Eds.), Methods of Soil Enzymology (pp. 161–183). SSSA.
• [21] Eivazi, F., Tabatabai, M. A. (1977). Phosphatases in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 9(3), 167–172.
• [22] Herbien, S. A., & Neal, J. L. (1990). Soil pH and phosphatase activity. Communications in Soil Science & Plant Analysis, 21(5–6), 439–456.
• [23] Acosta-Martínez, V., Zobeck, T. M., Gill, T. E., Kennedy, A. C. (2003). Enzyme activities and microbial community structure in semiarid agricultural soils. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 38(4), 216–227.
• [24] Deng, S. P., Tabatabai, M. A. (1997). Effect of tillage and residue management on enzyme activities in soils: III. Phosphatases and arylsulfatase. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 24(2), 141–146.
• [25] Kirkby, E. A., Johnston, A. E. (2008). Soil and fertilizer phosphorus in crop nutrition. In P. J. White, J. P. Hommond (Eds.), The Ecophysiology of Plant-Phosphorus Interactions (pp. 177–223). Springer.
• [26] Krämer, S., Green, D. M. (2000). Acid and alkaline phosphatase dynamics and their relationship to soil microclimate in a semiarid woodland. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 32, 179–188.
• [27] Küçük, Ç., Cevheri, C. (2018). Şanlıurfa’da mısır tarımı yapılan tarlalardan alınan toprak örneklerinde bazı mikrobiyal özellikler. Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering, 2(1), 28–40.
• [28] Tunç, E. (2020). The erodibility factor in agricultural lands of Gaziantep, Turkey. The International of Energy & Engineering Sciences, 5(1), 12–20. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/947626.
• [29] Tunç, E., Demir, M. (2021). Investigation of total carbon and nitrogen content of gaziantep agricultural soils. The International Journal of Energy & Engineering Sciences, 6(2), 13–22. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1976589.
• [30] Tunç, E., Doğan, Ş. (2016). Soil erosion risk in Barak Plain from the respective of the environmentalists. The International Journal of Energy & Engineering Sciences, 1(2), 36–44.
• [31] Tunç, E., Özyazgan, Y., Yayla, F. (2013). Investigation of the plants which can be used to prevent erosion in Gaziantep Region. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 22(9), 2782–2788.
• [32] Tunç, E. A.T.Tsegai, A. , Çelik S. (2021): Analysis of Spatial ‑Temporal Changes of Agricultural Land Use During the Last Three Decades in the Araban District of Turkey Using Remote Sensing. Geomatics And Environmental Engineering • Volume 15 • Number 1 • 2021 https://doi.org/10.7494/geom.2021.15.1.111.
• [33] Alef, K. Nannipieri, P. (1995). Enzyme activities. In K. Alef & P. Nannipieri (Eds.), Methods in Applied Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry (pp. 311–373). Academic Press.
• [34] Richards, L. A. (1954). Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils. Washington, USA. US Department of Agriculture, Handbook No. 60. 160 p.
• [35] Olsen, S.R., Sommers, L. E. (1982). Phosphorus. In A. L. Page, R. H. Miller, D. R. Keeney (Eds.), Methods of soil analysis Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties (pp. 404–430). American Society of Agronomy, Inc.
• [36] Allison, L. E., Moodie, C. D. (1965). Carbonate. In A. G. Norman (Eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2: Chemical and Microbiological Properties (pp. 1379–1396). American Society of Agronomy Inc.
• [37] Walkley, A., Black, I. A. (1934). An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37(1), 29–38.
• [38] Bouyoucos, G. J. (1962). Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analyses of soils. Agronomy Journal, 54(5), 464–465.
• [39] Olsen, Sterling R., Cole, C. V., Watanabe, F. S., Dean, L. A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. United States Departement of Agriculture Circular, 939, 1–19.
• [40] Helmke, P. A., Sparks, D. L. (1996). Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium. In D. L. Sparks, A. L. Page, P. A. Helmke, R. H. Loeppert, P. N. Soltanpour, M. A. Tabatabai, C. T. Johnston, M. E. Sumner (Eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3. Chemical Methods (pp. 551–574). SSSA.
• [41] Tunç, E., Çelik, M.A. Tsegai, A.T. (2018). Investigation of the Relationship Between Drought and Soil Physico-chemical Properties in the Barak Plains. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection.Volume 38, Issue 8, p.643-652. https://ijep.co.in/ https://ijep.co.in/uploads/journals/15352957118126.pdf.
• [42] Tunç, E., Schröder, D. (2010). Determination of the soil erosion level in agricultural lands in the western part of Ankara by USLE. Ekoloji. 75, 58–63.
• [43] Coonan, E. C., Kirkegaard, J. A., Kirkby, C. A., Strong, C. L., Amidy, M. R., Richardson, A. E. (2020). Soil carbon dynamics following the transition of permanent pasture to cereal cropping: Influence of initial soil fertility, lime application and nutrient addition. Crop and Pasture Science, 71(1), 23–35.
• [44] Acosta-Martínez, V., Tabatabai, M. A. (2000). Enzyme activities in a limed agricultural soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 31(1), 85–91.
• [45] Nelson, D. W., Sommers, L. E. (1996). Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. In D. L. Sparks, A. L. Page, P. A. Helmke, R. H. Loeppert, P. N. Soltanpour, M. A. Tabatabai, C. T. Johnston, M. E. Sumner (Eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3. Chemical Methods (pp. 961–1010). SSSA.