EFFECT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
Yıl 2013,
Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 225 - 237, 01.06.2013
Mehmet Mercan
Haluk Yergin
Öz
In this study effects of foreign direct investments (FDI) on economic growth were analysed by bounds testing approach (ARDL) developed by Pesaran et al. (2001) in the sample of Turkey by using the data of 1991:Q4-2013:Q1 periods. The series of goods and services exports which was thought to effect the growth were also included in the analysis. At the analysis result it was found that series were cointegrated. According to the empirical findings, the effect of foreign direct investments and exports on economic growth were observed as statistically significant and positive in accordance with our theoretical expectations. However, the effect of foreign direct investments is considerably at low level. In short term analysis coefficient of error correction term was found statistically significant and negative. Therefore, deviations occurred among variables converge to equilibrium level
Kaynakça
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- Exports and Output Growth of Turkey: Causality Analysis”, European Trade Study Group (ETSG) Fifth Annual Conference, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid,p.1-17. Asheghian, P. (2004), “Determinants of Economic Growth in the United States:
- The Role of Foreign Direct Investment”, The International Trade Journal, Vol: , No: 1, pp. 63-83. Aslanoğlu, Erhan (2002), “The Structure and the Impact of Foreign Direct
- Investment in Turkey”, Marmara Üniv. İİBF. Dergisi, Cilt: 17, Sayı: 1, pp. 31-46. Blomström, M. and Wolff, E. N. (1989) “Multinational Corporations And Productivity Convergence In Mexico”, C.V. Starr Center for Applied Economics,
- Working Papers, pp. 89-28, New York University. Chowdhury, Abdur and George Mavrotas (2005), “FDI&Growth: What Causes
- What?”, United Nation University, WIDER, Research Paper No: 2005/25, p. 1
- Değer, M. K. ve Emsen, Ö. S. (2006), “Geçiş Ekonomilerinde Doğrudan Yabancı
- Sermaye Yatırımları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkileri: Panel Veri Analizleri (1990- )”, C.Ü. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 7(2).
- Dickey, D. and Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of the Estimates for
- Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root. Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol:74, pp. 427-431. Enders, W. (1995). Applied Econometric Time Series.1rd edition, Wiley, New York.
- Enders, W. (1996). Rats Handbook for Econometric Time Series. John Willey and Song Inc.
- Göçer, İ. (2013), “Ekonomik Büyümenin Belirleyicileri: Sınır Testi Yaklaşımı”,
- Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, Vol:1(1), pp. 75-87. Granger, C.W.J. (1969). Investigating causal relation by econometric and cross- sectional method. Econometrica, Vol:37, pp.424-438.
- Granger, C. W. J. and Newbold, P. (1974). Spurious Regressions in Econometrics.
- Journal of Econometrics, Vol:2(2), pp.111-120. Grossman, G. and Helpman, E. (1991) Innovation and Growth in the Global
- Economy, Cambridge, MIT Press, No. 1, Chapters: 1-5. Gujarati, D. N. (1999). Temel Ekonometri, (Çev. Ü. Şenesen ve G. G. Şenesen).
- İstanbul: Literatür Yayınları. Javorcik, B. S. (2004) “Does Foreign Direct Investment Increase the Productivity of Domestic Firms? In Search of Spillovers through Backward Linkages”, The American Economic Review, Vol: 94(3), pp. 605-627.
- Johansen, S. and Juselıus, K. (1990). Maximum Likelihood Estimation And Inference on Cointegration with Application to the Demand for Money. Oxford
- Bulletin of Economic and Statistics, Vol:(52), pp.169-210. Johansen, S. (1988). Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors. Journal of
- Economic Dynamic and Control, Vol:(12), pp.231-254. Katırcıoglu, Salih (2009), “Foreign Direct Investment And Economic Growth In
- Turkey: an Empirical Investigation By The Bounds Test For Co-Integration And Causality Tests”, Izvorni Znanstveni Rad, UDK 339.727.22:338.1(560). Kottaridi, C. ve Stengos, T. (2010) “Foreign Direct Investment, Human Capital
- And Non-Linearities in Economic Growth”, Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, Vol:32(3), pp.858-871. Li, Xiaoying and Xiaming Liu (2005), “Foreign Direct Investment and Economic
- Growth: An Increasingly Endogenous Relationship”, World Development, Vol: , No: 3, pp. 393-407. Lyroudi, Katerina, John Papanastasiou and Athanasios Vamvakidis (2004),
- “Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Transition Economics”, South Eastern Europe Journal of Economics, Vol:1, pp.97-110. Mencinger, J. (2008) “Direct and Indirect Effects of FDI on Current Account”,
- International Centre For Economic Research, Working Paper, No:16. Narayan, P. and Narayan, S. (2004). Estimating Income and Price Elasticities of
- Imports for Fiji in a Cointegration Framework. Economic Modelling, 22: 423-438. Özcan, B. ve Arı, A. (2010), “Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların Belirleyicileri
- Üzerine Bir Analiz: OECD Örneği”, Ekonometri ve İstatistik, Vol:12, pp. 65–88 Papaioannou, Sotiris K. (2004), “FDI and ICT Innovation Effects on Productivity
- Growth: A Comparison between Developing and Developed Countries”, http://www.fep.up.pt/conferences/earie2005/cdrom/Session%20II/II./papaioannou pdf, 22.10.2012.
- Peker, O. ve Göçer, İ. (2010), “Yabancı Doğrudan Yatırımların Türkiye’deki
- İşsizliğe Etkisi: Sınır Testi Yaklaşımı”, Ege Akademik Bakış, 10(4), pp. 1187
- Pesaran, M., Shin, Y. and Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16: 289-326.
- Ray, Sarbapriya (2012), “Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic
- Growth in India: A Co integration Analysis”, Advances in Information Technology and Management, Vol:2(1), pp.187-201. Sun, H. (1998) “Macroeconomic Impact of Direct Foreign Investment in China: 1996”, The World Economy, Vol:21(5), pp.675-694.
- Varamini, H. and Kalash, S. (2010) “Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth, and Trade Balances: The Experience of the New Members of the European Union”,
- Journal of East-West Business, Vol:16, pp.1. Vergil, H. ve Ayaş, N. (2009), “Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlarının İstihdam
- Üzerindeki Etkileri: Türkiye Örneği”, İktisat İşletme ve Finans Dergisi, Vol:275, pp. 89-114. Wang, Miao and M. C. Sunny Wong (2009), “Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth: the Growth Accounting Perspective”, Economic Inquiry, Vol:47(4), pp.701-710.
- Yalta, A. Y. (2011) “Uncovering the Channels Through Which FDI Affects
- Current Account: The Case of Turkey”, TOBB University of Economics and Technology Department of Economics, Working Paper, No. 11-08. Yapraklı, Sevda (2006), “Türkiye’de Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların Ekonomik
- Belirleyicileri Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Analiz”, DEÜİİBF Dergisi, Vol:21(2), pp. 23-48. Zaman, K., Khan, M.M. and Ahmad, M. (2012), “The relationship between foreign direct investment and pro-poor growth policies in Pakistan: The new interface”, Economic Modelling 29: pp. 1220 –1227
- Zhu, G., and Tan, K. Y. (2000) “Foreign Direct Investment and Labor
- Productivity: New Evidence From China As The Host”, Thunderbird International Business Review, Vol:42, pp.5.
Yıl 2013,
Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 225 - 237, 01.06.2013
Mehmet Mercan
Haluk Yergin
Kaynakça
- Alıcı, Aslı Akgüç and Meltem Şengün Ucal (2003), “Foreign Direct Investment,
- Exports and Output Growth of Turkey: Causality Analysis”, European Trade Study Group (ETSG) Fifth Annual Conference, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid,p.1-17. Asheghian, P. (2004), “Determinants of Economic Growth in the United States:
- The Role of Foreign Direct Investment”, The International Trade Journal, Vol: , No: 1, pp. 63-83. Aslanoğlu, Erhan (2002), “The Structure and the Impact of Foreign Direct
- Investment in Turkey”, Marmara Üniv. İİBF. Dergisi, Cilt: 17, Sayı: 1, pp. 31-46. Blomström, M. and Wolff, E. N. (1989) “Multinational Corporations And Productivity Convergence In Mexico”, C.V. Starr Center for Applied Economics,
- Working Papers, pp. 89-28, New York University. Chowdhury, Abdur and George Mavrotas (2005), “FDI&Growth: What Causes
- What?”, United Nation University, WIDER, Research Paper No: 2005/25, p. 1
- Değer, M. K. ve Emsen, Ö. S. (2006), “Geçiş Ekonomilerinde Doğrudan Yabancı
- Sermaye Yatırımları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkileri: Panel Veri Analizleri (1990- )”, C.Ü. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 7(2).
- Dickey, D. and Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of the Estimates for
- Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root. Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol:74, pp. 427-431. Enders, W. (1995). Applied Econometric Time Series.1rd edition, Wiley, New York.
- Enders, W. (1996). Rats Handbook for Econometric Time Series. John Willey and Song Inc.
- Göçer, İ. (2013), “Ekonomik Büyümenin Belirleyicileri: Sınır Testi Yaklaşımı”,
- Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, Vol:1(1), pp. 75-87. Granger, C.W.J. (1969). Investigating causal relation by econometric and cross- sectional method. Econometrica, Vol:37, pp.424-438.
- Granger, C. W. J. and Newbold, P. (1974). Spurious Regressions in Econometrics.
- Journal of Econometrics, Vol:2(2), pp.111-120. Grossman, G. and Helpman, E. (1991) Innovation and Growth in the Global
- Economy, Cambridge, MIT Press, No. 1, Chapters: 1-5. Gujarati, D. N. (1999). Temel Ekonometri, (Çev. Ü. Şenesen ve G. G. Şenesen).
- İstanbul: Literatür Yayınları. Javorcik, B. S. (2004) “Does Foreign Direct Investment Increase the Productivity of Domestic Firms? In Search of Spillovers through Backward Linkages”, The American Economic Review, Vol: 94(3), pp. 605-627.
- Johansen, S. and Juselıus, K. (1990). Maximum Likelihood Estimation And Inference on Cointegration with Application to the Demand for Money. Oxford
- Bulletin of Economic and Statistics, Vol:(52), pp.169-210. Johansen, S. (1988). Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors. Journal of
- Economic Dynamic and Control, Vol:(12), pp.231-254. Katırcıoglu, Salih (2009), “Foreign Direct Investment And Economic Growth In
- Turkey: an Empirical Investigation By The Bounds Test For Co-Integration And Causality Tests”, Izvorni Znanstveni Rad, UDK 339.727.22:338.1(560). Kottaridi, C. ve Stengos, T. (2010) “Foreign Direct Investment, Human Capital
- And Non-Linearities in Economic Growth”, Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, Vol:32(3), pp.858-871. Li, Xiaoying and Xiaming Liu (2005), “Foreign Direct Investment and Economic
- Growth: An Increasingly Endogenous Relationship”, World Development, Vol: , No: 3, pp. 393-407. Lyroudi, Katerina, John Papanastasiou and Athanasios Vamvakidis (2004),
- “Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Transition Economics”, South Eastern Europe Journal of Economics, Vol:1, pp.97-110. Mencinger, J. (2008) “Direct and Indirect Effects of FDI on Current Account”,
- International Centre For Economic Research, Working Paper, No:16. Narayan, P. and Narayan, S. (2004). Estimating Income and Price Elasticities of
- Imports for Fiji in a Cointegration Framework. Economic Modelling, 22: 423-438. Özcan, B. ve Arı, A. (2010), “Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların Belirleyicileri
- Üzerine Bir Analiz: OECD Örneği”, Ekonometri ve İstatistik, Vol:12, pp. 65–88 Papaioannou, Sotiris K. (2004), “FDI and ICT Innovation Effects on Productivity
- Growth: A Comparison between Developing and Developed Countries”, http://www.fep.up.pt/conferences/earie2005/cdrom/Session%20II/II./papaioannou pdf, 22.10.2012.
- Peker, O. ve Göçer, İ. (2010), “Yabancı Doğrudan Yatırımların Türkiye’deki
- İşsizliğe Etkisi: Sınır Testi Yaklaşımı”, Ege Akademik Bakış, 10(4), pp. 1187
- Pesaran, M., Shin, Y. and Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16: 289-326.
- Ray, Sarbapriya (2012), “Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic
- Growth in India: A Co integration Analysis”, Advances in Information Technology and Management, Vol:2(1), pp.187-201. Sun, H. (1998) “Macroeconomic Impact of Direct Foreign Investment in China: 1996”, The World Economy, Vol:21(5), pp.675-694.
- Varamini, H. and Kalash, S. (2010) “Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth, and Trade Balances: The Experience of the New Members of the European Union”,
- Journal of East-West Business, Vol:16, pp.1. Vergil, H. ve Ayaş, N. (2009), “Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlarının İstihdam
- Üzerindeki Etkileri: Türkiye Örneği”, İktisat İşletme ve Finans Dergisi, Vol:275, pp. 89-114. Wang, Miao and M. C. Sunny Wong (2009), “Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth: the Growth Accounting Perspective”, Economic Inquiry, Vol:47(4), pp.701-710.
- Yalta, A. Y. (2011) “Uncovering the Channels Through Which FDI Affects
- Current Account: The Case of Turkey”, TOBB University of Economics and Technology Department of Economics, Working Paper, No. 11-08. Yapraklı, Sevda (2006), “Türkiye’de Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların Ekonomik
- Belirleyicileri Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Analiz”, DEÜİİBF Dergisi, Vol:21(2), pp. 23-48. Zaman, K., Khan, M.M. and Ahmad, M. (2012), “The relationship between foreign direct investment and pro-poor growth policies in Pakistan: The new interface”, Economic Modelling 29: pp. 1220 –1227
- Zhu, G., and Tan, K. Y. (2000) “Foreign Direct Investment and Labor
- Productivity: New Evidence From China As The Host”, Thunderbird International Business Review, Vol:42, pp.5.