Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2018, , 61 - 72, 01.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.26833/ijeg.382604

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Abdullah, M., Strangeways, H. J. and Walsh, D. M., 2009. Improving ambiguity resolution rate with an accurate ionospheric differential correction. Journal of Navigation, 62 (01), 151-166.
  • Alcay, S., Yigit, C. O., Seemala, G., Ceylan, A., 2014. GPS-Based Ionosphere Modeling: A Brief Review, Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 23 (3a), 815-824.
  • Arslan, N., 2004. Investigation of the effects of the ionospheric total electron content variations on the coordinates using GPS. Ph.D. Thesis, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul.
  • Basciftci, F., Inal, C., Yildirim, O., Bulbul, S., 2017a. Determination of Regional TEC Values by GNSS Measurements, A Case Study: Central Anatolia Sample, Turkey. Surveying the world of tomorrow – From digitalisation to augmented reality, FIG Working Week 2017. Helsinki/Finland.
  • Basciftci F., Inal C., Yildirim O., Bulbul S., 2017b. Determining regional ionospheric model comparing with global models. Geodetski vestnik, 61 (3), 427-440. DOI: 10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2017.03.427-440.
  • Başpınar, S. 2012. Examine Ionoshphere Models with CORS-TR Datas. Ph.D. Thesis, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul.
  • Bilitza, D., Altadil, D., Zhang, Y., Mertens, C., Truhlink, V., Richards, P., Mckinnell, L., Reinish, B. 2014. The International Reference Ionosphere 2012-a model of international collaboration. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 4, A107, http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2014004.
  • Calais, E., Minster, J. B., 1998. GPS, Earthquakes, The Ionosphere, and Space Shuttle. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 105, 167–181. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9201(97)00089-7.
  • Dach, R., Lutz, S., Walser, P., Fridez, P. 2015. Bernese GNSS Software Version 5.2. User manual, Astronomical Institute, Universtiy of Bern, Bern Open Publishing. DOI: 10.7892/boris.72297, ISBN: 978-3- 906813-05-9.
  • Datta-Barua, S., 2008. Ionospheric Threats to The Integrity of Aırborne GPS Users. The Department Of Aeronautıcs And Astronautıcs, Phd Thesis s:17-28.
  • Davies, K., Hartmann, G. 1997. Studying The Ionosphere With The Global Positioning System. Radio Science, 32 (4), 1695-1703. https://doi.org/10.1029/97rs00451
  • Fedrizzi, M., Langley, R.B., Komjathy, A., Santos, M.C., Paulos, E.R., Kantor, I.J., 2001. The Low-Latitude Ionosphere: Monitoring Its Behaviour with GPS. IONGPS 2001, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, Sept. 11-14 2001
  • Gao, Y and Liu, Z. Z., 2002. Precise Ionosphere Modeling Using Regional GPSNetwork Data. Journal of Global Positioning Systems, Vol.1, No.1, 18-24
  • Gizawy, M.L., 2003. Development of an ionosphere monitoring technique using GPS measurements for high latitude GPS users. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Calgary, Italy.
  • Hargreaves, J. K., 1992. The Solar-Terrestrial Environment. Cambridge Atmospheric and Space Science Series, Cambridge University Press.
  • Hernández-Pajares, M., Juan, J. M., Sanz, J., Orus, R., Garcia-Rigo, A., Feltens, J and Krankowski, A. 2009. The IGS VTEC maps: a reliable source of ionospheric information since 1998. Journal of Geodesy, 83 (3), 263- 275. DOI: 10.1007/s00190-008-0266-1
  • Hugentobler, U., Schaer, S., Pridez, F., Beutler, G and Bock, H., 2001. Bernese GPS Software Version 4.2. Astronomical Institute University of Bern
  • Hunsucker, R.D., Hargreaves, J.K., 2003. The HighLatitude Ionosphere and its Effects on the Radio Propogation. Cambridge University Press 2003
  • Inyurt, S. 2015. Determination of total electron ionospheric content (TEC) and differential code biases (DCB) using GNSS measurements in ionosphere. M.Sc. Thesis, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak.
  • Kahveci, M., 1997. Investigation of the effects of propagation errors on GPS observations in Turkey region. PhD Thesis, Istanbul Technical University Istanbul.
  • Klobuchar, J, A., 1987. Ionospheric Time Delay Algorithm for Single Frequency GPS Users. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronics Systems, 23:3.
  • Klobuchar, J, A., 1991. İonospheric Effects on GPS. GPS World s:1-4.
  • Leong, S. K., Musa, T. A., Omar, K., Subari, M. D., Pathy, N. B., Asillam, M. F., 2015. Assessment of ionosphere models at Banting: Performance of IRI-2007, IRI-2012 and NeQuick 2 models during the ascending phase of Solar Cycle 24. Advances in Space Research, 55 (8), 1928–1940.
  • Li, W., Guo, J., Yue, J., Shen, Y., Yang, Y., 2016. Total electron content anomalies associated with global VEI4+ volcanic eruptions during 2002–2015. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 325, 98–109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.06.017
  • Liu, Z., Skone, S., Gao, Y and Komjathy, A. 2005. Ionospheric modeling using GPS data. GPS Solutions, 9(1), 63-66. DOI: 10.1007/s10291-004-0129-z
  • Liu, L., Wan, W., Ning, B and Zhang, M. L., 2009. Climatology of the mean total electron contentderived from GPS global ionospheric maps. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 114, A06308, doi:10.1029/2009JA014244.
  • Mao, T., Wan, W., Yue, X., Sun, L., Zhao, B and Guo, J., 2008. An empirical orthogonal function model of total electron content over China. Radio Science, 43(2), doi:10.1029/2007RS003629.
  • Memarzadeh, Y., (2009). Ionospheric modeling for precise GNSS applications. Ph.D. Thesis, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands.
  • Petrie, E. J., Hernandes-Pajares, M., Spalla, P., Moore, P., King, M. A., 2011. A Review of Higher Order İonospheric Refraction Effects on Dual Frequency GPS. Surv Geophys 32:197–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-010-9105-z
  • Schaer, S., 1999. Mapping and Predicting the Earth’s Ionosphere Using the Global Positioning System. Ph.D Thesis, Universitat Bern.
  • Schaer, S., Gurtner, W., Feltens, J., 1998. IONEX: The Ionosphere Map Exchange Format Version 1. Proceedings of the IGS AC Workshop, Darmstadt, Germany, 9.-11. February.
  • Scharroo, R. and Smith, W. H. F., 2010. A global positioning system–based climatology for the total electron content in the ionosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 115, A10318, doi:10.1029/2009JA014719.
  • Tileylioglu, E., 2007. Ionosphere Models and IRI (International Reference Ionosphere) User Manual. HUEE-IR-07- 001, p: 1-15. http://www.ionolab.org/files/HU-EE-IR-07-001.pdf
  • Todorova, S., Hobiger, T., Weber, R., Schuh, H., 2003. Regıonal Ionosphere Modellıng with GPS and Comparison With Other Techniques. Proceedings of the Symposium "Modern Technologies, Education and Professional Practice in the Globalizing World", November 06-07, Sofia.
  • Ulukavak, M., Yalçinkaya, M., 2014. Investigation Of Total Electron Content Variations Due To Earthquakes: Aegean Sea Earthquake (24.05.2014 Mw:6.5). Electronic Journal of Map Technologies, 6 (3), 10–21.
  • Wan, W., Ding, F., Ren, Z., Zhang, M., Liu, L and Ning, B. 2012. Modeling the global ionospheric total electron content with empirical orthogonal function analysis. Science China Technological Sciences, 55(5), 1161- 1168, doi: 10.1007/s11431-012-4823-8.
  • Warnant, R., Pottiaux, E., 2000. The Increase of the Ionospheric Activity as Measured by GPS. Earth Planets Space, 52, 1055-1060.
  • Wild, U., 1994. Ionosphere and Geodetic Satellite Systems; Permanent GPS Tracking Data for Modelling and Monitoring. Ph.D Thesis.
  • Ya’acob, N., Abdullah, M and Ismail, M. 2010. GPS total electron content (TEC) prediction at ionosphere layer over the equatorial region. In Trends in Telecommunications Technologies. In Tech.
  • URL 1. International GNSS Service (IGS) Server: ftp://cddis.gsfc.nasa.gov/gps/products/ionex/ [Access Date; 10.07.2017]
  • URL 2. http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/iri2012_vitmo.html [Access Date; 12.07.2017]
  • URL 3. Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) Server: ftp://ftp.unibe.ch/aiub/CODE [Access Date; 10.07.2017]
  • URL 4. ftp://ftp.unibe.ch/aiub/BSWUSER52/STA [Access Date; 10.07.2017]
  • URL 5. http://ggosatm.hg.tuwien.ac.at/DELAY/GRID/VMFG/ [Access Date; 10.07.2017]
  • URL 6. http://rinex.tusaga-aktif.gov.tr/ [Access Date; 08.07.2017]
  • URL 7. ftp://igs.bkg.bund.de/IGS/obs/ [Access Date; 10.07.2017]

Comparison of regional and global TEC values: Turkey model

Yıl 2018, , 61 - 72, 01.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.26833/ijeg.382604

Öz

The ionosphere is a layer of atmosphere 60 km to 1100 km above the earth and is composed of solar rays and ionized gases. The ionosphere is an important layer affecting Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measures. The quality of GNSS measures is directly related to the changes in the ionosphere. For this reason, monitoring changes in the ionosphere is quite important. One of the important parameters expressing the characteristic of the ionosphere is the Total Electron Content (TEC), which is a function of electron density exhibiting transformation with solar radiation. In this study, 68 stations including 56 Continuously Operating Reference Stations-Turkey (CORS-TR) stations and also IGS stations were taken for evaluation. Bernese v5.2 GNSS software developed by Bern University of Switzerland was employed at the evaluation stage. From 2009 until 2015, TEC values were calculated at two hourly intervals, one day for each month. In the study, where a Single Layer Model was used, TEC values obtained from GNSS measurements have been compared with the TEC (IRI-2012 TEC) values obtained from the global ionosphere map (GIM-TEC) and the international ionosphere reference model programme published by the Centre for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE), the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). As a result, the regional (RIM) TEC values and the global (CODE, ESA, JPL) TEC values showed a large similarity, and the IRI obtained TEC values remained lower than these four values was observed. Correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the relationship between regional TEC values obtained after the evaluation and global TEC values. There is a positive and quite high correlation between the regional (RIM) TEC values produced by the calculated correlation coefficients and the global (CODE, ESA, JPL) TEC and IRI TEC values.

Kaynakça

  • Abdullah, M., Strangeways, H. J. and Walsh, D. M., 2009. Improving ambiguity resolution rate with an accurate ionospheric differential correction. Journal of Navigation, 62 (01), 151-166.
  • Alcay, S., Yigit, C. O., Seemala, G., Ceylan, A., 2014. GPS-Based Ionosphere Modeling: A Brief Review, Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 23 (3a), 815-824.
  • Arslan, N., 2004. Investigation of the effects of the ionospheric total electron content variations on the coordinates using GPS. Ph.D. Thesis, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul.
  • Basciftci, F., Inal, C., Yildirim, O., Bulbul, S., 2017a. Determination of Regional TEC Values by GNSS Measurements, A Case Study: Central Anatolia Sample, Turkey. Surveying the world of tomorrow – From digitalisation to augmented reality, FIG Working Week 2017. Helsinki/Finland.
  • Basciftci F., Inal C., Yildirim O., Bulbul S., 2017b. Determining regional ionospheric model comparing with global models. Geodetski vestnik, 61 (3), 427-440. DOI: 10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2017.03.427-440.
  • Başpınar, S. 2012. Examine Ionoshphere Models with CORS-TR Datas. Ph.D. Thesis, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul.
  • Bilitza, D., Altadil, D., Zhang, Y., Mertens, C., Truhlink, V., Richards, P., Mckinnell, L., Reinish, B. 2014. The International Reference Ionosphere 2012-a model of international collaboration. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 4, A107, http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2014004.
  • Calais, E., Minster, J. B., 1998. GPS, Earthquakes, The Ionosphere, and Space Shuttle. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 105, 167–181. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9201(97)00089-7.
  • Dach, R., Lutz, S., Walser, P., Fridez, P. 2015. Bernese GNSS Software Version 5.2. User manual, Astronomical Institute, Universtiy of Bern, Bern Open Publishing. DOI: 10.7892/boris.72297, ISBN: 978-3- 906813-05-9.
  • Datta-Barua, S., 2008. Ionospheric Threats to The Integrity of Aırborne GPS Users. The Department Of Aeronautıcs And Astronautıcs, Phd Thesis s:17-28.
  • Davies, K., Hartmann, G. 1997. Studying The Ionosphere With The Global Positioning System. Radio Science, 32 (4), 1695-1703. https://doi.org/10.1029/97rs00451
  • Fedrizzi, M., Langley, R.B., Komjathy, A., Santos, M.C., Paulos, E.R., Kantor, I.J., 2001. The Low-Latitude Ionosphere: Monitoring Its Behaviour with GPS. IONGPS 2001, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, Sept. 11-14 2001
  • Gao, Y and Liu, Z. Z., 2002. Precise Ionosphere Modeling Using Regional GPSNetwork Data. Journal of Global Positioning Systems, Vol.1, No.1, 18-24
  • Gizawy, M.L., 2003. Development of an ionosphere monitoring technique using GPS measurements for high latitude GPS users. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Calgary, Italy.
  • Hargreaves, J. K., 1992. The Solar-Terrestrial Environment. Cambridge Atmospheric and Space Science Series, Cambridge University Press.
  • Hernández-Pajares, M., Juan, J. M., Sanz, J., Orus, R., Garcia-Rigo, A., Feltens, J and Krankowski, A. 2009. The IGS VTEC maps: a reliable source of ionospheric information since 1998. Journal of Geodesy, 83 (3), 263- 275. DOI: 10.1007/s00190-008-0266-1
  • Hugentobler, U., Schaer, S., Pridez, F., Beutler, G and Bock, H., 2001. Bernese GPS Software Version 4.2. Astronomical Institute University of Bern
  • Hunsucker, R.D., Hargreaves, J.K., 2003. The HighLatitude Ionosphere and its Effects on the Radio Propogation. Cambridge University Press 2003
  • Inyurt, S. 2015. Determination of total electron ionospheric content (TEC) and differential code biases (DCB) using GNSS measurements in ionosphere. M.Sc. Thesis, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak.
  • Kahveci, M., 1997. Investigation of the effects of propagation errors on GPS observations in Turkey region. PhD Thesis, Istanbul Technical University Istanbul.
  • Klobuchar, J, A., 1987. Ionospheric Time Delay Algorithm for Single Frequency GPS Users. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronics Systems, 23:3.
  • Klobuchar, J, A., 1991. İonospheric Effects on GPS. GPS World s:1-4.
  • Leong, S. K., Musa, T. A., Omar, K., Subari, M. D., Pathy, N. B., Asillam, M. F., 2015. Assessment of ionosphere models at Banting: Performance of IRI-2007, IRI-2012 and NeQuick 2 models during the ascending phase of Solar Cycle 24. Advances in Space Research, 55 (8), 1928–1940.
  • Li, W., Guo, J., Yue, J., Shen, Y., Yang, Y., 2016. Total electron content anomalies associated with global VEI4+ volcanic eruptions during 2002–2015. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 325, 98–109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.06.017
  • Liu, Z., Skone, S., Gao, Y and Komjathy, A. 2005. Ionospheric modeling using GPS data. GPS Solutions, 9(1), 63-66. DOI: 10.1007/s10291-004-0129-z
  • Liu, L., Wan, W., Ning, B and Zhang, M. L., 2009. Climatology of the mean total electron contentderived from GPS global ionospheric maps. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 114, A06308, doi:10.1029/2009JA014244.
  • Mao, T., Wan, W., Yue, X., Sun, L., Zhao, B and Guo, J., 2008. An empirical orthogonal function model of total electron content over China. Radio Science, 43(2), doi:10.1029/2007RS003629.
  • Memarzadeh, Y., (2009). Ionospheric modeling for precise GNSS applications. Ph.D. Thesis, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands.
  • Petrie, E. J., Hernandes-Pajares, M., Spalla, P., Moore, P., King, M. A., 2011. A Review of Higher Order İonospheric Refraction Effects on Dual Frequency GPS. Surv Geophys 32:197–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-010-9105-z
  • Schaer, S., 1999. Mapping and Predicting the Earth’s Ionosphere Using the Global Positioning System. Ph.D Thesis, Universitat Bern.
  • Schaer, S., Gurtner, W., Feltens, J., 1998. IONEX: The Ionosphere Map Exchange Format Version 1. Proceedings of the IGS AC Workshop, Darmstadt, Germany, 9.-11. February.
  • Scharroo, R. and Smith, W. H. F., 2010. A global positioning system–based climatology for the total electron content in the ionosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 115, A10318, doi:10.1029/2009JA014719.
  • Tileylioglu, E., 2007. Ionosphere Models and IRI (International Reference Ionosphere) User Manual. HUEE-IR-07- 001, p: 1-15. http://www.ionolab.org/files/HU-EE-IR-07-001.pdf
  • Todorova, S., Hobiger, T., Weber, R., Schuh, H., 2003. Regıonal Ionosphere Modellıng with GPS and Comparison With Other Techniques. Proceedings of the Symposium "Modern Technologies, Education and Professional Practice in the Globalizing World", November 06-07, Sofia.
  • Ulukavak, M., Yalçinkaya, M., 2014. Investigation Of Total Electron Content Variations Due To Earthquakes: Aegean Sea Earthquake (24.05.2014 Mw:6.5). Electronic Journal of Map Technologies, 6 (3), 10–21.
  • Wan, W., Ding, F., Ren, Z., Zhang, M., Liu, L and Ning, B. 2012. Modeling the global ionospheric total electron content with empirical orthogonal function analysis. Science China Technological Sciences, 55(5), 1161- 1168, doi: 10.1007/s11431-012-4823-8.
  • Warnant, R., Pottiaux, E., 2000. The Increase of the Ionospheric Activity as Measured by GPS. Earth Planets Space, 52, 1055-1060.
  • Wild, U., 1994. Ionosphere and Geodetic Satellite Systems; Permanent GPS Tracking Data for Modelling and Monitoring. Ph.D Thesis.
  • Ya’acob, N., Abdullah, M and Ismail, M. 2010. GPS total electron content (TEC) prediction at ionosphere layer over the equatorial region. In Trends in Telecommunications Technologies. In Tech.
  • URL 1. International GNSS Service (IGS) Server: ftp://cddis.gsfc.nasa.gov/gps/products/ionex/ [Access Date; 10.07.2017]
  • URL 2. http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/vitmo/iri2012_vitmo.html [Access Date; 12.07.2017]
  • URL 3. Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) Server: ftp://ftp.unibe.ch/aiub/CODE [Access Date; 10.07.2017]
  • URL 4. ftp://ftp.unibe.ch/aiub/BSWUSER52/STA [Access Date; 10.07.2017]
  • URL 5. http://ggosatm.hg.tuwien.ac.at/DELAY/GRID/VMFG/ [Access Date; 10.07.2017]
  • URL 6. http://rinex.tusaga-aktif.gov.tr/ [Access Date; 08.07.2017]
  • URL 7. ftp://igs.bkg.bund.de/IGS/obs/ [Access Date; 10.07.2017]
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Fuat Başçiftçi 0000-0002-5791-0676

Cevat Inal 0000-0001-8980-2074

Omer Yildirim Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-3537-6732

Sercan Bulbul 0000-0001-6066-611X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018

Kaynak Göster

APA Başçiftçi, F., Inal, C., Yildirim, O., Bulbul, S. (2018). Comparison of regional and global TEC values: Turkey model. International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences, 3(2), 61-72. https://doi.org/10.26833/ijeg.382604
AMA Başçiftçi F, Inal C, Yildirim O, Bulbul S. Comparison of regional and global TEC values: Turkey model. IJEG. Haziran 2018;3(2):61-72. doi:10.26833/ijeg.382604
Chicago Başçiftçi, Fuat, Cevat Inal, Omer Yildirim, ve Sercan Bulbul. “Comparison of Regional and Global TEC Values: Turkey Model”. International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences 3, sy. 2 (Haziran 2018): 61-72. https://doi.org/10.26833/ijeg.382604.
EndNote Başçiftçi F, Inal C, Yildirim O, Bulbul S (01 Haziran 2018) Comparison of regional and global TEC values: Turkey model. International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences 3 2 61–72.
IEEE F. Başçiftçi, C. Inal, O. Yildirim, ve S. Bulbul, “Comparison of regional and global TEC values: Turkey model”, IJEG, c. 3, sy. 2, ss. 61–72, 2018, doi: 10.26833/ijeg.382604.
ISNAD Başçiftçi, Fuat vd. “Comparison of Regional and Global TEC Values: Turkey Model”. International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences 3/2 (Haziran 2018), 61-72. https://doi.org/10.26833/ijeg.382604.
JAMA Başçiftçi F, Inal C, Yildirim O, Bulbul S. Comparison of regional and global TEC values: Turkey model. IJEG. 2018;3:61–72.
MLA Başçiftçi, Fuat vd. “Comparison of Regional and Global TEC Values: Turkey Model”. International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences, c. 3, sy. 2, 2018, ss. 61-72, doi:10.26833/ijeg.382604.
Vancouver Başçiftçi F, Inal C, Yildirim O, Bulbul S. Comparison of regional and global TEC values: Turkey model. IJEG. 2018;3(2):61-72.

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