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EVALUATION OF THE OF INSULIN RESISTANCE EFFECTS ON OBESITY AND RELATED PARAMETERS

Year 2018, , 46 - 52, 01.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.23884/ijhsrp.2018.3.2.01

Abstract

Obesity,
especially abdominal obesity,  is one of
the most important underlying risk factors for metabolic syndrome and increases
the risk of developing various pathological conditions like Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension and Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
Insulin resistance means that the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose
utilization is reduced, it is an integral feature of the metabolic syndrome and
an important predictor of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus development.
It is well known that obesity is associated with diabetes mellitus, and
the main basis of this link is thought to be the ability of obesity to
stimulate insulin resistance.
In this
study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance and
obesity, related biochemical parameters, body analysis data.
In this retrospective case control study,
the insulin resistance status of 120 volunteers in Samsun Buyuk Anadolu
Hospital's Nutrition and Diet Policlinic was determined by calculating the
Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance formula. Biochemical values and
body analysis results of individuals with and without insulin resistance were
compared. Insulin resistance was detected in 56 (%46,7) of the subjects
participating in the study.
Insulin
resistance was significantly related with weight, body mass index, body fat
mass, abdominal fat mass (p<0,05). However, there was no correlation between
insulin resistance and body fat percentage and abdominal fat percentage (p>0,05).
Fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c percentages, insulin, triglyceride and ALT levels
were found to be higher in individuals with insulin resistance (p<0,05).
There was no significant relationship between insulin resistance and cholesterol,
AST and B12 levels (p>0,05). In conclusion, considering the risks of
diseases caused by insulin resistance, findings of this study emphasizes the
importance of detecting insulin resistance. Determining the presence of insulin
resistance can help prevent a variety of diseases by regulating nutrition.
Detection of insulin resistance and
regulation of nutrition can help prevent various diseases.

References

  • [1] Obesity and Overweight, World Health Organization, http://www.who.int/ mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/
  • [2] Carr, D.B. et al., Intra-abdominal fat is a major determinant of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for the metabolic syndrome, Diabetes, 53, (2004), pp. 2087–2094
  • [3] Xu, H. et al., Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance, J. Clin. Investig, 112, (2003), pp. 1821–1830
  • [4] Hotamisligil, G.S., Inflammation and metabolic disorders, Nature, 444, (2006), pp. 860–867
  • [5] Lumeng, C.N., Saltiel, A.R. Inflammatory links between obesity and metabolic disease, J. Clin. Investig, 121, (2011), pp. 2111–2117
  • [6] Weiss, R. et al., Obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents, N Engl J Med, 350, (2004), pp. 2362-2374
  • [7] Oliveira, C.L. et al., Obesity and metabolic syndrome in infancy and adolescence. Rev Nutr, 17, (2004), pp. 237-245
  • [8] Lillioja, S. et al., Insulin resistance and insulin secretory dysfunction as precursors of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, N. Engl. J. Med, 329, (1993), pp. 1988–1992
  • [9] Kahn, B.B., Flier, J.S., Obesity and insulin resistance, J. Clin. Investig, 106, (2000), 473–481
  • [10] WHO Technical Counsultation, Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation, (2000), Report No: 0512- 3054
  • [11] Matthews, D.R. et al., Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man, Diabetologia, 28, (1985), pp. 412–419
  • [12] Gupta, D. et al., Over-nutrition, obesity and insulin resistance in the development of β-cell dysfunction, Curr Diabetes Rev, 8, (2012), 2, pp. 76-83
  • [13] Kaya, A. et al., The prevelance of insulin resistance in the Turkish population, Endocrine Abstracts, 41, (2016)
  • [14] Bilge, U. et al., Obesity and Insulin Resistance Rates in a Population Under 40 Years Old Who Admitted to a Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic, Turk Aile Hek Derg, 20, (2016), 2, pp. 50-53
  • [15] Tosi, F. et al., Total body fat and central fat mass independently predict insulin resistance but not hyperandrogenemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 100, (2015), 2, pp. 661-669
  • [16] Carmina, E., Abdominal fat quantity and distribution in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and extent of its relation to insulin resistance, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 92, (2007), pp. 2500-2505
  • [17] Linder, K. et al., Relationships of body composition and liver fat content with insulin resistance in obesity-matched adolescents and adults, Obesity (Silver Spring), 22, (2014), 5, pp. 1325-1331
  • [18] Boden, G., Shulman, GI., Free fatty acids in obesity and type 2 diabetes: defining their role in the development of insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction, Eur J Clin Invest, 32, (2002), 13, pp. 14-23
  • [19] Simental-Mendía, L.E. et al., Insulin secretion is increased in non- diabetic subjects with fasting hypertriglyceridaemia, Diabetes Metab Res Rev, 29, (2013), 3, pp. 214–219
  • [20] Goran, M.I., Gower, B.A., Longitudinal study on pubertal insulin resistance, Diabetes, 50, (2001), pp. 2444 –2450
  • [21] Tosi, F. et al., Total body fat and central fat mass independently predict insulin resistance but not hyperandrogenemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 100, (2015), 2, pp. 661-669 [22] Vozarova, B. et al., High alanine aminotransferase is associated with decreased hepatic insülin sensitivity and predicts the development of type 2 diabetes, Diabetes, 51, (2002), pp. 1889-1895
  • [23] Maximos, M. et al., The role of liver fat and insulin resistance as determinants of plasma aminotransferase elevation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Hepatology, 61, (2015), 1, pp. 153-160
  • [24] Simental-Mendia, L.E. et al., Insulin resistance is associated with elevated transaminases and low aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio in young adults with normal weight, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 29, (2017), 4, pp. 435-440
  • [25] Ho, M. et al., Vitamin B12 in obese adolescents with clinical features of insulin resistance, Nutrients, 4, (2014), 6 (12): pp. 5611-5618
  • [26] Kaya, C. et al., Obesity and insulin resistance associated with lower plasma vitamin B12 in PCOS, Reprod Biomed Online, 19, (2009), 5, pp. 721-726
  • [27] Baltaci, D. et al., Association of vitamin B12 with obesity, overweight, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, and body fat composition; primary care-based study, Med Glas (Zenica), 10, (2013), 2, pp. 203-210
  • [28] Savage, D.B. et al., Disordered lipid metabolism and the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, Physiol Rev, 87, (2007), pp. 507-520
  • [29] Matsuda, M., Shimomura, I., Increased oxidative stress in obesity: im¬plications for metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and cancer, Obes Res Clin Pract, 7, (2013), 5, pp. 330-341
Year 2018, , 46 - 52, 01.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.23884/ijhsrp.2018.3.2.01

Abstract

References

  • [1] Obesity and Overweight, World Health Organization, http://www.who.int/ mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/
  • [2] Carr, D.B. et al., Intra-abdominal fat is a major determinant of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for the metabolic syndrome, Diabetes, 53, (2004), pp. 2087–2094
  • [3] Xu, H. et al., Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance, J. Clin. Investig, 112, (2003), pp. 1821–1830
  • [4] Hotamisligil, G.S., Inflammation and metabolic disorders, Nature, 444, (2006), pp. 860–867
  • [5] Lumeng, C.N., Saltiel, A.R. Inflammatory links between obesity and metabolic disease, J. Clin. Investig, 121, (2011), pp. 2111–2117
  • [6] Weiss, R. et al., Obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents, N Engl J Med, 350, (2004), pp. 2362-2374
  • [7] Oliveira, C.L. et al., Obesity and metabolic syndrome in infancy and adolescence. Rev Nutr, 17, (2004), pp. 237-245
  • [8] Lillioja, S. et al., Insulin resistance and insulin secretory dysfunction as precursors of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, N. Engl. J. Med, 329, (1993), pp. 1988–1992
  • [9] Kahn, B.B., Flier, J.S., Obesity and insulin resistance, J. Clin. Investig, 106, (2000), 473–481
  • [10] WHO Technical Counsultation, Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation, (2000), Report No: 0512- 3054
  • [11] Matthews, D.R. et al., Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man, Diabetologia, 28, (1985), pp. 412–419
  • [12] Gupta, D. et al., Over-nutrition, obesity and insulin resistance in the development of β-cell dysfunction, Curr Diabetes Rev, 8, (2012), 2, pp. 76-83
  • [13] Kaya, A. et al., The prevelance of insulin resistance in the Turkish population, Endocrine Abstracts, 41, (2016)
  • [14] Bilge, U. et al., Obesity and Insulin Resistance Rates in a Population Under 40 Years Old Who Admitted to a Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic, Turk Aile Hek Derg, 20, (2016), 2, pp. 50-53
  • [15] Tosi, F. et al., Total body fat and central fat mass independently predict insulin resistance but not hyperandrogenemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 100, (2015), 2, pp. 661-669
  • [16] Carmina, E., Abdominal fat quantity and distribution in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and extent of its relation to insulin resistance, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 92, (2007), pp. 2500-2505
  • [17] Linder, K. et al., Relationships of body composition and liver fat content with insulin resistance in obesity-matched adolescents and adults, Obesity (Silver Spring), 22, (2014), 5, pp. 1325-1331
  • [18] Boden, G., Shulman, GI., Free fatty acids in obesity and type 2 diabetes: defining their role in the development of insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction, Eur J Clin Invest, 32, (2002), 13, pp. 14-23
  • [19] Simental-Mendía, L.E. et al., Insulin secretion is increased in non- diabetic subjects with fasting hypertriglyceridaemia, Diabetes Metab Res Rev, 29, (2013), 3, pp. 214–219
  • [20] Goran, M.I., Gower, B.A., Longitudinal study on pubertal insulin resistance, Diabetes, 50, (2001), pp. 2444 –2450
  • [21] Tosi, F. et al., Total body fat and central fat mass independently predict insulin resistance but not hyperandrogenemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 100, (2015), 2, pp. 661-669 [22] Vozarova, B. et al., High alanine aminotransferase is associated with decreased hepatic insülin sensitivity and predicts the development of type 2 diabetes, Diabetes, 51, (2002), pp. 1889-1895
  • [23] Maximos, M. et al., The role of liver fat and insulin resistance as determinants of plasma aminotransferase elevation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Hepatology, 61, (2015), 1, pp. 153-160
  • [24] Simental-Mendia, L.E. et al., Insulin resistance is associated with elevated transaminases and low aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio in young adults with normal weight, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 29, (2017), 4, pp. 435-440
  • [25] Ho, M. et al., Vitamin B12 in obese adolescents with clinical features of insulin resistance, Nutrients, 4, (2014), 6 (12): pp. 5611-5618
  • [26] Kaya, C. et al., Obesity and insulin resistance associated with lower plasma vitamin B12 in PCOS, Reprod Biomed Online, 19, (2009), 5, pp. 721-726
  • [27] Baltaci, D. et al., Association of vitamin B12 with obesity, overweight, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, and body fat composition; primary care-based study, Med Glas (Zenica), 10, (2013), 2, pp. 203-210
  • [28] Savage, D.B. et al., Disordered lipid metabolism and the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, Physiol Rev, 87, (2007), pp. 507-520
  • [29] Matsuda, M., Shimomura, I., Increased oxidative stress in obesity: im¬plications for metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and cancer, Obes Res Clin Pract, 7, (2013), 5, pp. 330-341
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Article
Authors

Aybike Gizem Kayacan 0000-0002-7136-5504

Mehtap Unlu Sogut 0000-0001-9461-6428

Neslihan Sürmeli This is me

Elanur Yılmaz This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2018
Submission Date April 10, 2018
Acceptance Date July 3, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018

Cite

IEEE A. G. Kayacan, M. Unlu Sogut, N. Sürmeli, and E. Yılmaz, “EVALUATION OF THE OF INSULIN RESISTANCE EFFECTS ON OBESITY AND RELATED PARAMETERS”, IJHSRP, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 46–52, 2018, doi: 10.23884/ijhsrp.2018.3.2.01.

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