Karyological Examination of Ornithogalum orthophyllum Ten. and Ornithogalum oligophyllum E. D. Clarke

Abstract

In this study, two species of Ornithogalum L. genus (Ornithogalum orthophyllum Ten. and Ornithogalum oligophyllum E. D. Clarke), one of the important genus of the Asparagaceae family, were examined in terms of karyological aspects. The plant materials used in the study were collected from the natural distribution areas of the plants around Elazığ 2019. Some of the collected samples were turned into herbarium samples and stocked in the FU herbarium. Bulbs obtained from the collected samples were used in cytotaxonomic studies. As a result of the studies carried out in dividing somatic cells, chromosome counts and karyotype analyzes of the species were made and their ideograms were drawn. Chromosome number were determined as 2n=20 and karyotype formula M+3m+3sm+3st in Ornithogalum oligophyllum, Ornithogalum orthophyllum species as 2n=14 and karyotype formula as 3m+2sm+2st.

Keywords

• Ornithogalum
• Chromosome numbers;
• Cytotaxonomy
• Karyotype

References

1. Al-Qura’n, S. (2009). Ethnopharmacological survey of wild medicinal plants in Showbak, Jordan. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 123 (1), 45-50.
2. Aslan, Z. (2022). Türkiye’deki bazı Ornithogalum L. (subgenus Ornithogalum Baker) (Asparagaceae) türlerinin polen morfolojisi. Yüksek Lisan Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
3. Baytop, T. (1984). Türkiye’de Bitkiler ile Tedavi Geçmişte ve Bugün. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları, 161.
4. Baytop, T. (2007). Türkçe Bitki Adları Sözlüğü, Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, Ankara, 28, 578.
5. Cullen, J., & Ratter, J. A. (1967). Taxonomic and cytological notes on Turkish Ornithogalum, Notes Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 27, 293-339.
6. Dalgic, G., & Ozhatay, N. (1997). The genus Ornithogalum (Liliaceae) and its karyotype variation in European Turkey, Bocconea, 5, 743-747.
7. Ferth, R., & Kopp, B. (1992). Cardenolide generic synopsis of Hyacinthaceae in Sub-Saharan Africa, based on molecular evidence, including new combinations and the new tribe Pseudoprospereae aus Ornithogalum umbellatum L. Pharmazie, 47 (8), 626-629.
8. Ferth, R., Speta, F., & Kopp, B. (2011). Beitrag der Cardenolide zur Taxonomie der Ornithogalum umbellatum, Verwandtschaft (Hyacinthaceae). Stapfia, 75, 121-138.

9. Garbari, F., Giordani, A., Marcucci, R., & Tornadore, N. (2003). The genus Ornithogalum L. (Hyacinthaceae) in Italy, XIV: towards a redefinition of infrageneric taxa, with new proposals. Bocconea, 16 (1), 269-281.
10. Ghannamy, U., Kopp, B., Robien, W., & Kubelka, W. (1987). Cardenolide aus Ornithogalum boucheanum. Planta medica, 53 (2), 172-178.
11. Johnson, M. A. T., Garbari, F., & Mathew, B. (1991). A cytotaxonomical approach to species delimitation of agroup of early-flowering Turkish Ornithogalum species (Hyacinthaceae). Botanika Chronika (Patras), 10, 827-839.
12. Kiran, Y., Yavas, T., & Dogan, G. (2022). Karyotype analysis of five Iris L. (Iridaceae) Species from Turkey. Cytologia, 87 (3), 251-254.
13. Levan, A., Fredga, K., & Sandberg, A. A. (1964). Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes. Hereditas, 52, 201-220.
14. Löve, A., & Kjellquist, E. (1973). Cytutaxonomy of Spanish plants. II. Monocotyledons. Lagascalia, 3 (2), 147-182.
15. Manning, J. C., Forest, F., Devey, D. S., Fay, M. F., & Goldblatt, P. (2009). A molecular phylogeny and a revised classification of Ornithogaloideae (Hyacinthaceae) based on an analysis of four plastid DNA regions. Taxon, 58, 77-107.
16. Manning, J. C., Goldblatt, P. & Fay, M. F. (2004). A revised generic synopsis of Hyacinthaceae in Sub-Saharan Africa, based on molecular evidence, including new combinations and the new Tribe Pseudoprospereae. Edinburgh Journal of Botany, 60, 533-568.
17. Martin, E., Dinç, M., & Duran, A. (2009). Karyomorphological study of eight Centaurea L. taxa (Asteraceae) from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany, 33, 97-104.
18. Meriç, Ç., Aksoy, Ö., & Dane, F. (2011). Morphological and anatomical contributions to the taxonomical identification of two Ornithogalum taxa (O. nutans and O. boucheanum) from Flora of Turkey. Biologia, 66 (1), 68-75.
19. Mousavi, S. H., Hassandokht, M. R., Choukan, R., Sepahvand, N., Khosrowchahli, M., & Papini, A. (2013). Cytological study of chromosome and genome composition of Iranian lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) accessions. Cytologia, 66 (1), 41-49.
20. Neves, J., & De, B. (1952). Estudio Carylogicos No Genero Ornithogalum L. Serie 2. Boletinde la Sociedad Broteriana, 26, p. 5-192
21. Odah, M., & Oran, S. (2007). Karyological study of the genus Ornithogalum (Lilliaceae) in Jordan, Dirasat, Pure Science, 34 (2), 211-220.
22. Ozhatay, N. (2002). Diversity of bulbous monocots in Turkey with special reference. chromosome numbers. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 74, 547-555.
23. Ozhatay, N., & Johnson, M. A. T. (1996). Some karyological remarks on Turkish Allium sect. Allium, Bellevalia, Muscari, and Ornithogalum subg. Ornithogalum. Bocconea, 5, 239-249.
24. Stace, C. A. (1980). Plant Taxonomy and Biosystematics, London: Edward Arnold.
25. Şabudak, T., & Oyman, Ü. (2002). Phytochemical studies at the bulbs of Ornithogalum umbellatum L., Turkish Journal of Chemistry, 26 (3), 453-456.
26. Uysal, T., Ertuğrul, K., & Dural, H. (2005). A new species of Ornithogalum (Liliaceae) from south Anatolia, Turkey. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 148 (4), 501-504.
27. Uysal, T., Ertuğrul, K., Dural, H., Tugay, O., & Demirelma, H. (2014). Türkiye Ornithogalum L. (Hyacinthaceae) Cinsinin Revizyonu, Proje No: 110T948, Program 1001 Tubitak.
28. Van Raamsdonk, L. W. D. (1986). Biosystematic studies on the umbellatum-angustifolium complex of the genus Ornithogalum (Liliaceae). II. Genome characterization and evolution. Nordic Journal of Botany, 6 (5), 525-544.
29. Wendelbo, P. (1984). Ornithogalum persicum, a little known species from SW. Notes From The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 42 (1), 57-60.