Süt ve Süt Ürünlerindeki Biyoaktif Peptitler: Uygulamalar ve Aktiviteler

Abstract

Süt ve süt ürünleri, önemli sağlık geliştirici özelliklere sahip protein parçaları olan biyoaktif peptitlerin doğal kaynaklarıdır. Bu peptitler, antimikrobiyal, antioksidan, antihipertansif, immünomodülatör ve antitrombotik etkiler dahil olmak üzere bir dizi biyolojik aktivite sergiler. Biyoaktif peptitler öncelikle enzimatik hidroliz, mikrobiyal fermantasyon veya gastrointestinal sindirim yoluyla salınır. Bunlar arasında, antimikrobiyal peptitler (AMP'ler), hücre zarlarını bozarak, bakteriyel metabolizmaya müdahale ederek veya bağışıklık tepkilerini düzenleyerek patojenik mikroorganizmaları inhibe etme kabiliyetleri nedeniyle özel ilgi görmüştür. Ek olarak, biyoaktif peptitler anjiyotensin dönüştürücü enzimi (ACE) inhibe ederek ve kan pıhtısı oluşumunu önleyerek kardiyovasküler sağlığa katkıda bulunur. Antioksidan etkileri oksidatif strese karşı koruma sağlarken, opioid benzeri peptitler nörolojik işlevleri etkiler. Bu inceleme, süt ve süt ürünlerinden elde edilen biyoaktif peptitlere genel bir bakış sunarak üretimlerine, etki mekanizmalarına, sağlık yararlarına ve gıda ve ilaç endüstrilerindeki potansiyel uygulamalarına odaklanmaktadır. İnsan sağlığındaki işlevsel uygulamalarını geliştirmek için biyoyararlanımlarını, stabilitelerini ve geniş ölçekli üretimlerini optimize etmek amacıyla daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

• süt
• süt ürünleri
• antimikrobiyal aktivite
• fonksiyonel gıdalar
• sağlık yararları
• bioaktif peptitler

Bioactive Peptides from Milk and Dairy Products: Applications and Activities

Abstract

Milk and dairy products serve as natural sources of bioactive peptides, which are protein fragments with significant health-promoting properties. These peptides exhibit a range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory, and antithrombotic effects. Bioactive peptides are primarily released through enzymatic hydrolysis, microbial fermentation, or gastrointestinal digestion. Among them, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained particular attention due to their ability to inhibit pathogenic microorganisms by disrupting cell membranes, interfering with bacterial metabolism, or modulating immune responses. Additionally, bioactive peptides contribute to cardiovascular health by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and preventing blood clot formation. Their antioxidant effects protect against oxidative stress, while opioid-like peptides influence neurological functions. This review provides an overview of bioactive peptides derived from milk and dairy products, focusing on their production, mechanisms of action, health benefits, and potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Further research is needed to optimize their bioavailability, stability, and large-scale production to enhance their functional applications in human health.

Keywords

• milk
• Dairy products
• Bioactive peptides
• Functional foods
• Antimicrobial activity
• Health benefits

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