Research Article

Changes on the Physical Structure Caused by the Advanced Grinding Process before Direct Reduction of Chalcophyrite Concentrate with Carbon

Volume: 10 Number: 2 December 31, 2024
TR EN

Changes on the Physical Structure Caused by the Advanced Grinding Process before Direct Reduction of Chalcophyrite Concentrate with Carbon

Abstract

After selecting the appropriate pyrometallurgical or hydrometallurgical methods according to the type of ore used in copper production, electrometallurgical refining processes are applied to reach the desired purity level. When mechanical activation processes are applied before reduction processes, they have changed the traditional workflow scheme in many processes by both shortening the process and reducing energy consumption. This study constitutes the first stage of the direct reduction of chalcopyrite in the presence of carbon and quicklime. The mixture consisting of biochar, quicklime and concentrated chalcopyrite was mixed in a stoichiometric ratio and over-ground in a spex type mill for different periods of time. Changes in the physical structure of the over-ground mixture were examined by XRD, SEM and EDX images. XRD images showed that there was a large amount of amorphization in the crystal structure as a result of excessive grinding of the material for 60 minutes. According to the DLS analysis results, it was observed that the grain size decreased to 5240 nm due to increasing grinding time.

Keywords

References

  1. Habashi, F. (1978). Chalcopyrite: Its Chemistry and Metallurgy. New York (McGraw Hill), ISBN 0-07-025383-8.
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  4. Santoro, S., Estay, H., Avci, A. H., Pugliese, L., Ruby-Figueroa, R., Garcia, A., Aquino, M., Nasirov, S., Straface, S., Curcio, E. (2021). Membrane technology for a sustainable copper mining industry: The Chilean paradigm. Cleaner Engineering and Technology, 2, 100091.
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  6. Jha, A., Grieveson, P., Jeffes, JHE. (1989) An investigation on the carbothermic reduction of copper sulfide minerals-kinetic and thermodynamic considerations. Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy 18.1, 31-45.
  7. Moinpour, M., Rao, YK. (1985) Direct reduction of copper sulfide with carbon in the presence of lime, Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 1985: Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 69-81.
  8. Machingawuta, N., Jha, A., Grieveson, P. (1989) Mechanism of carbothermic reduction of nickel sulfide minerals in the presence of lime, Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy, 18, pp. 81-88.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Manufacturing Metallurgy

Journal Section

Research Article

Early Pub Date

December 30, 2024

Publication Date

December 31, 2024

Submission Date

May 9, 2024

Acceptance Date

August 12, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2024 Volume: 10 Number: 2

APA
Boyrazlı, M., Arancı Öztürk, E., Yilmaz, S., Süner, M., Çelik, E., & Başbağ, G. (2024). Changes on the Physical Structure Caused by the Advanced Grinding Process before Direct Reduction of Chalcophyrite Concentrate with Carbon. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 10(2), 309-324. https://doi.org/10.29132/ijpas.1481272
AMA
1.Boyrazlı M, Arancı Öztürk E, Yilmaz S, Süner M, Çelik E, Başbağ G. Changes on the Physical Structure Caused by the Advanced Grinding Process before Direct Reduction of Chalcophyrite Concentrate with Carbon. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 2024;10(2):309-324. doi:10.29132/ijpas.1481272
Chicago
Boyrazlı, Mustafa, Elif Arancı Öztürk, Selman Yilmaz, Mustafa Süner, Emrah Çelik, and Güneş Başbağ. 2024. “Changes on the Physical Structure Caused by the Advanced Grinding Process before Direct Reduction of Chalcophyrite Concentrate With Carbon”. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 10 (2): 309-24. https://doi.org/10.29132/ijpas.1481272.
EndNote
Boyrazlı M, Arancı Öztürk E, Yilmaz S, Süner M, Çelik E, Başbağ G (December 1, 2024) Changes on the Physical Structure Caused by the Advanced Grinding Process before Direct Reduction of Chalcophyrite Concentrate with Carbon. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 10 2 309–324.
IEEE
[1]M. Boyrazlı, E. Arancı Öztürk, S. Yilmaz, M. Süner, E. Çelik, and G. Başbağ, “Changes on the Physical Structure Caused by the Advanced Grinding Process before Direct Reduction of Chalcophyrite Concentrate with Carbon”, International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 309–324, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.29132/ijpas.1481272.
ISNAD
Boyrazlı, Mustafa - Arancı Öztürk, Elif - Yilmaz, Selman - Süner, Mustafa - Çelik, Emrah - Başbağ, Güneş. “Changes on the Physical Structure Caused by the Advanced Grinding Process before Direct Reduction of Chalcophyrite Concentrate With Carbon”. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 10/2 (December 1, 2024): 309-324. https://doi.org/10.29132/ijpas.1481272.
JAMA
1.Boyrazlı M, Arancı Öztürk E, Yilmaz S, Süner M, Çelik E, Başbağ G. Changes on the Physical Structure Caused by the Advanced Grinding Process before Direct Reduction of Chalcophyrite Concentrate with Carbon. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 2024;10:309–324.
MLA
Boyrazlı, Mustafa, et al. “Changes on the Physical Structure Caused by the Advanced Grinding Process before Direct Reduction of Chalcophyrite Concentrate With Carbon”. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, vol. 10, no. 2, Dec. 2024, pp. 309-24, doi:10.29132/ijpas.1481272.
Vancouver
1.Mustafa Boyrazlı, Elif Arancı Öztürk, Selman Yilmaz, Mustafa Süner, Emrah Çelik, Güneş Başbağ. Changes on the Physical Structure Caused by the Advanced Grinding Process before Direct Reduction of Chalcophyrite Concentrate with Carbon. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 2024 Dec. 1;10(2):309-24. doi:10.29132/ijpas.1481272
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