Sustainable Production of Titanium Foams Using Recycled Space Holder Materials

Abstract

In this study, titanium foams were produced using ceramic polishing waste (CPW) as a space holder through the Electric Current Assisted Sintering (ECAS) method. Industrially sourced CPW was obtained from Ceramic Factory and added to tita-nium powders at weight ratios of 2%, 5%, 8%, and 10% via conventional powder metallurgy techniques. The prepared mixtures were homogenized in a ball mill, pressed, and sintered at approximately 1300 °C using the ECAS process. Micro-structural analyses revealed that increasing CPW content led to more homogeneous pore morphology, a higher open porosity ratio, and a more controlled foam structure. In particular, the oxidative decomposition of SiC within the CPW was found to promote pore formation through the release of CO and CO₂ gases. A po-rosity of 34.4% was achieved with 10% CPW addition, demonstrating effective results for the production of low-density structures. Consequently, CPW was concluded to be a sustainable space holder alternative in terms of both functional foam production and waste management.

Keywords

• Titanium foam
• Ceramic polishing waste
• sintering
• porosity.

Geri Dönüştürülmüş Yer Tutucu Kullanımıyla Sürdürülebilir Titanyum Köpük Üretimi Süreci

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, seramik parlatma atığı (SPA) yer tutucu olarak kullanılarak elektrik akım destekli sinterleme (ECAS) yöntemiyle titanyum köpükler üretilmiştir. Endüstriyel kaynaklı SPA, Seramik Fabrikası’ndan temin edilmiş ve toz metalurjisi yöntemiyle ağırlıkça %2, %5, %8 ve %10 oranlarında Ti tozlarına ilave edilmiştir. Hazırlanan karışımlar, bilyalı değirmende homo-jenize edildikten sonra preslenerek ECAS yöntemiyle yaklaşık 1300 °C’de sinterlenmiştir. Mikro yapısal analizler, artan SPA içeriği ile birlikte gözenek morfolojisinin daha homojen hale geldiğini, açık gözeneklilik oranının arttı-ğını ve köpük yapının kontrollü şekilde şekillendirilebildiğini ortaya koy-muştur. Özellikle, SPA içeriğinde bulunan SiC’in oksidatif bozunmasıyla açığa çıkan gazların, gözenek oluşumunu desteklediği belirlenmiştir. %10 SPA katkısı ile elde edilen %34,4 porozite, hedeflenen düşük yoğunluklu yapıların üretiminde etkili sonuçlar sunmuştur. Bu kapsamda, SPA’nın hem fonksiyonel köpük üretiminde hem de atık yönetimi açısından sürdürülebilir bir yer tutucu alternatif olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

• Titanyum Köpük
• Seramik Parlatma Atığı
• Sinterleme
• porozite

Thanks

Bu çalışma, Sakarya Üniversitesi Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği Bölümü laboratuvar altyapısı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Atık toz temini Kütahya Seranit Fabrikası tarafından gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, araştırmanın yürütülmesinde sağlanan destek nedeniyle Sakarya Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü’ne (BAP) ve proje numarası 2024-26-62-119 ile verilen dolayı teşekkür ederiz.

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