Bacteriological-profile of some vegetables sold in Lafia Metropolis, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 292 - 301, 24.08.2022

Emmanuel Oboh Peace Oleghe Daniel Ashefo

Öz

The bacteriological-profile of fresh spinach and cabbage sold in Lafia Modern Market were analyzed in the Microbiology laboratory of Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia by homogenizing 1g of the sample in 10 ml of peptone water. An aliquot from a 10-fold serial dilution was inoculated using the pour plate method into different bacteriological medium at 37oC for 24 hours. Total number of colonies was counted and identified using standard procedures. Results indicated that spinach had the highest average bacteria count of 1.4 x104CFU/g, 9.2x103CFU/g and 6.1x103CFU/g Nutrient agar, MacConkey agar and Salmonella-Shigella agar respectively, while cabbage had an average bacterial count of 1.0x104CFU/g, 6.0x103CFU/g and 4.1x103 CFU/g on Nutrient agar, MacConkey agar and Salmonella-Shigella agar respectively. The genera of the bacteria isolates identified were Streptococcus spp (8%), Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15% each), Staphylococcus aureus (16%), Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp (23% each). These isolated bacteria are of public health importance due to their implication in food borne illnesses. It is recommended that hygiene-level of the entire vegetable processing value chain should be improved upon in other to prevent or reduce bacterial contamination.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bacteriological-profile, Vegetable, Cabbage, Spinach

Kaynakça

• Akhigbemidu, W., Musa, A. and Kuforiji, A. 2015. Assessment of the Microbial Qualities of Noodles and Accompanying Seasoning. Nigerian Food Journal. 33:48-53.
• Amao, I. 2018. Health benefits of fruits and Vegetables: Review from Sub-Saharan Africa. Doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74472
• Athar N, Taylor G, McLaughlin J, Skinner J 2004b. FOOD files 2004. In, New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited and New Zealand Ministry of Health.
• Athar, M., Li, C., Tang, X., Chi, S., and Zhang, X. 2004a. Inhibition of smoothened signaling prevents ultraviolet B-induced basal cell carcinomas through regulation of Fas expression and apoptosis.Cancer Res., 64: 7545-7552.
• Britannica, 2022. The Editors of Encyclopaedia. “Spinach”. Encyclopedia Britannica .https://www.britannica.com/plant/spinach.
• Chaturvedi, M., Kumar, V., Singh, D. and Kumar, S. 2013. Assessment of microbial load of microbial load of some common vegetables among two different socioeconomic groups. International Food research Journal. 20(5): 2927.2931
• Chowdhury, M.A., Hossain, N., Kashem, M.A., Shahid, M.A. and Alam, A. (2020). Immune response In COVID-19: A review. Journal of infection and Public Health 13(11): 1619-29. doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.07.001
• Conner, T.S., Brookie, K.L., Carr, A.C., Mainvil, L.A. and Vissers, M.C.M. (2017). Let them eat fruit! The effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on Psychological well-being in young adults: Arandomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 12(2):e0171206.
• de Evan, T., Vintimilla, A., Marcos, C.N., Ranilla, M.J. and Carro, M.D. 2019. Evaluation of Brassica Vegetables as Potential Feed for Ruminants. Animals. 9(9):588.
• Ehling-Schulz, M., Guinebretiere, M. H., Monthan, A., Berge, O., Fricker, M., and Svensson, B. 2006. Toxin gene profiling of enterotoxic and emetic Bacillus cereus. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 260, 232–240. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00320.x.
• Feng, Q., Kim, J.H., Omiyale, W., Besevic, J., Conroy, M., May, M., Yang, Z., Wong, S.Y.S., Tsoi, K.K.F., Allen, N. and Lacey, B. 2022. Raw and cooked Vegetables consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A study of 400000 Adults in UK Biobank. Front. Nutr. 9:831470.Doi:10:3389/fnut.2022.831470
• Izah, S.C., Orutugu, L.A. and Kigigha, L.T. 2016. A Review of the Quality Assessment of Zobo Drink Consumed in Nigeria. ASIO Journal of Microbiology, Food Science and Biotechnological Innovations. 1(1):34-43.
• Jahangir, M., Kim, H.K., Choi, H. J., Verpoorte, R. 2009. Health‐Affecting Compounds in Brassicaceae. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety.8(1): 31-43. doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2008.00065.x.
• Meldrum, R. J., Little, C. L., Sagoo, S., Mithani, V., Mclauchlin, J., and De, P. E. 2009. Assessment of the microbiological safety of salad vegetables and sauces from kebab take-away restaurants in the United Kingdom. Food Microbiol. 26: 573–577. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2009.03.013.
• Odu, N.N. and Imaku, L.N. 2013. Assessment of the Microbiological Quality of Street Vended Ready to Eat Bole (Roasted Plantain) and Fish in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria. Researcher. 5(3):9-18.
• Oleghe, P. O., Agholor, K., Lucy, F. O., Oboh, J. E. and Orhewere, V. 2020. Comparative antibacterial strength analysis of three commonly used antibiotics in Auchi. 9(7): 62-69. ISSN 2277– 7105. DOI: 10.20959/wjpr20207-17742
• Oleghe, P.O., Orhewere, R.D.A., Orhewere, V.A., Oboh, J.E. 2022. Microwave Heat Treatment Effects on the Microbial Profile of Some Ready-To-Eat Street Vended Snacks. (International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences 9(2): 76-83, 2022). E-ISSN: 2347-7520. Available online at: www.isroset.org. https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v9i2.7683
• Ozlem, E and Sener, H. 2005. The contamination of various fruit and vegetable with Enterobiusvermicularis, Ascaris eggs, Entamoebahistolytica cysts and Giardia lamblia cysts. J. Food Cont., (16): 557-560.
• Solomon,E.B., Yaron, S. and Matthews, K.R. 2002. Transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from contaminated manure and irrigation water to lettuce plant tissue and its subsequent internalisation. Appl Environ Microbiol 68, 397– 400.
• Tambekar, D.H. and Mundhada, R.H. 2006. Bacteriological Quality of Salad Vegetables Sold in Amravati City (India). Journal of Biological Sciences, 6: 28-30.
• Teshome, W.S., Tamado, T. and Wassu, M. 2018. Respond of Head Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) to Different Rates of Inorganic Nitrogen Fertilizer and Farmyard Manure at Bore, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia. Int.J.Curr.Res.Aca. Rev. 6(12) 14-36 doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2018.612.003
• Tsoho, B.A. and Salau, S.A. 2012. Profitability and constraints to dry season vegetable production under Fadama in Sudan savannah ecological zone of Sokoto State, Nigeria.Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics. 4(7): 214-222.DOI:10.5897/JDAE12.031
• Warid, W.A. 2018. Vegetable Farming. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/vegetable-farming