Protective and therapeutic effects of hesperidin in an experimental colitis model

Abstract

Ulcerative colitis is a gastrointestinal problem with increasing prevalence. In this study, the effect of hesperidin (commonly found in citrus white peel) on colitis was investigated. For this purpose, 28 Wistar albino female rats, 3–4 months old and weighing between 250–350 g, were used in the study. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (n=7), colitis (n=7), protective effect (n=7), and treatment (n=7) groups. Colitis was induced in rats with acetic acid (except control), and hesperidin was then administered at 150 mg/kg for 1 week before and after colitis. At the end of the study, IFN-γ and IL-6 values in blood, TAS, TOS, and OSI in tissue were evaluated. Intestinal tissues were assessed visually by haematoxylin and eosin staining. Our results showed that the levels of IFN-γ and IL-6 were highest in the colitis group and lowest in the treatment group, with statistical significance. The most histopathological damage was seen in the colitis group, while less prevalent in the treatment and control groups. The results of the study show that hesperidin had limited protective and therapeutic effects on experimental colitis mouse models.

Keywords

• Ulcerative colitis
• Hesperidin
• Anti-inflammatory effect
• Antioxidant

References

1. Crespo, M.E., Calvez, J., Cruz, T., & Ocete, M.A. (1999). Anti-inflammatory activity of diosmin and hesperidin in rat colitis induced by TNBS. Planta Medica, 65, 651-653. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960838
2. Erel, O. (2004). A novel automated method to measure total antioxidant response against potent free radical reactions. Clinical Biochemistry, 37(2), 112 119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2003.10.014
3. Erel, O. (2005). A new automated colourimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clinical Biochemistry, 38(12):1103-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2005.08.008
4. Funakashi, K., Sugimura, K., Anezaki, K., Bannai, H., & Asakura, H. (1998). Spectrum of cytokines gene expression in intestinal mucosal lesions of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Digestion, 59(1), 73-78 https://doi.org/10.1159/000007470
5. Galipeau, H.J., Caminero, A., Turpin, W., Bermudez-Brito, M., Santiago, A., Libertucci, J., & Verdu, E.F. (2021). Novel fecal biomarkers that precede clinical diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. Journal of Gastroenterology, 160(5), 1532 1545. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.12.004
6. Lu Q, Yang M. F, Liang Y.J, Xu J., Xu H.M, Nie Y.Q, Wang L.S., Yao J., & Li D.F. (2022). Immunology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutics. Journal of Inflammation Research, 15, 1825–1844. https://doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S353038
7. Murata Y, Ishiguro Y, Itoh J, Munakata, A., Yoshida, Y. (1995). The role of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Journal of Gastroenterology, 8, 56-60.
8. Nazlıkul, H. (2020). İnflamatuvar bağırsak hastalığı regülasyon tıbbı nöralterapı̇ yaklaşımı. [Inflammatory intestinal disease regulation medicine; neuraltherapy approach]. Bilimsel Tamamlayıcı Tıp Regülasyon ve Nöral Terapi Dergisi, 14(3), 80-92.

9. Onal, H.İ., Yurtal, Z., Altuğ, M.E., Küçükgül, A., Seçinti, İ.E., & Aslataş, Ö. (2022). Investigation of the Bioactivity of Hesperidin in an In Vivo Model of Staphylococcus Aureus – Induced Osteomyelitis. International Journal of Veterinary and Animal Research, 5(3), 146-153. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7443757
10. Pereira, B.J, Castro, I., Burdmann, E.A., Malheiros, D.M.A., & Yu, L. (2010). Effects of sirolimus alone or in combination with cyclosporine A on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 43, 737-44.
11. Tahvillian, N., Masoodi, M., Kashani, A., Vafa, M., … Farsi, F. (2020). Effects of saffron supplementation on oxidative/antioxidant status and disease severity in ulcerative colitis patients: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Phytotherapy Research, 35(2), 946-953. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6848
12. Victor, M.M., David, J.M., Cortez, M.V.M., Leite, J.L., & Silva, G.S.B. (2021). A High-Yield Process for Extraction of Hesperidin from Orange (Citrus sinensis L. osbeck) Peels Waste, and Its Transformation to Diosmetin, A Valuable and Bioactive Flavonoid. Waste Biomass Valor, 12, 313–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-00982-x
13. Xu, L., Yang, Z., Li, P., & Zhou, Y. (2009). Modulating effect of Hesperidin on experimental murine colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. Phytomedicine, 16(10), 989-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2009.02.021