Investigation the Effects of Different Doses Organic Fertilizers and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterias on Yield and Nutrient Contents in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 43 - 52, 14.07.2015

Ferit Sönmez Şefik Tüfenkçi

https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.240703

Öz

The study was conducted to determine the effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (N2; Bacillus megaterium M-3, TV-6I; Cellulosimicrobium cellulans, TV-34A; Hafnia Alve, TV-69E; Acetobacter pasteurianus and TV-83F; Bacillus cereus) and organic fertilizer (0, 10 and 20 ton / ha) on the seed yield and nutrient content of chickpea under field conditions in 2010 and 2011 growing seasons. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria used in this study were determined by the separate investigation conducted in chamber room by using ten phosphate solubilizing bacteria and organic fertilizer (control, %5,%10). The tiral were laid out with a factorial design in randomized complete block with three replications. In this study, plant height, primary branches, secondary branches and number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, grain yield and biological yield and nutrient content of stem and seed were determined. According to the results of the study bacteria applications increased significantly biological and seed yield. Bacteria applications without organic fertilizer increased nutrient contents of seed and steed except cupper content. In case of inoculation with organic fertilizer provided more increases in biological and seed yields. The highest seed yield were obtained from application of 20 ton/ha + N2 (Bacillus megaterium M-3) with 1020 kg/ha and 1793 kg/ha in 2010 and 2011 years, respectively. Bacteria without organic fertilizer application were more active in terms of phosphorus uptake in both years.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nutrients, PSB, Organic manure, Phosphorus, Chickpea

Kaynakça

• Bouyoucous, G. D., (1951). A Recablibration of the hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of the soil. Agronomy J., 43, 434-438.
• Cakmakçı, R., (2005). Bitki gelisiminde fosfat çözücü bakterilerin önemi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(35), 93-108.
• Cunningham, J. and Kuiack, C., (1992). Production of citric and oxalic acids and solubilization of calcium phosphate by Penicillium bilaii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58, 1451-1458.
• Hadler, A.K., Mishra, A.K., Bhattacharyya P., Chakrabartty, P.K., (1990). Solubilization of rock phosphate by Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium. J Gen Appl Microbiol, 36, 81-92.
• Illmer, P. and Schinner, F., (1992). Solubilization of inorganic phosphates by microorganisms isolated from forest soil. Soil Biol. & Biochem, 24, 389-395.
• Jackson, M., (1969). Soil Chemical Analysis: Advances course (2nd edition). Published by the author, Dept. of Soil Science, Univ. of Winconsin, Madison, WI.
• Kacar, B. and İnal, A., (2008). Bitki Analizleri, Nobel Yayın No:1241, Fen Bilimleri:63
• Kacar, B., (1994). Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri: III. Toprak Analizleri. A.Ü. Ziraat Vakfı, Yayın No:3, Ankara
• Olsen, S.R., Cole, V., Watanabe, F.S., Dean, L.A., (1954). Estimations of Available Phosphorus in Soils by Extractions with Sodium Bicarbonate. U.S. Dept. Of Agric. Cric. 939- 941.
• Pradhan, N. and Sukla, L.B., (2005). Solubilization of inorganic phosphates by fungi isolated from agriculture soil. African J. Biotechnol. 5, 850-854.
• Richards, L.A., (1954). Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkaline Soils. Handbook 60. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture
• Rodriguez, H. and Fraga, R., (1999). Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion. Biotechnol. Adv. 17, 319-339.
• Salantur, A., (2003). Erzurum pasinler ovalarındaki buğdaygil bitkilerinin yetiştiği topraklardan izole edilen asimbiyotik bakteri suşlarının buğday ve arpada gelişme ve verim üzerine etkileri. (Doktora Tezi, Basılmamış). Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Erzurum.
• Sangeeta, M. and Nautiyal, C.S., (2001). An efficient method for qualitative screening of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. Curr. Microbiol, 43, 51-56.
• Taha, S.M., Mahmood, S.A.Z., El-Damaty, A.A., Abd-El-Hafez, A.M., (1969). Activity of phophate dissolving bacteria in Egyptian soil. Plant and Soil, 31, 149-160.
• Tanin, Y., (1986). Meteorolojik parametreler yardımıyla buğday üretimi ön tahmini. Türkiye Tahıl Sempozyumu. 6-9 Ekim 1986 Bursa. S, 259-270.
• Thomas, G.W., (1982). Exchangeable Cations. P. 159- 165. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Agronomy Monography. No: 9, A.S.A.-S.S.S.A., Madison, Winconsin. USA.
• Tolanur, S.I., (2009). Effect of dıfferent organıc manures, green manurıng and fertılızer nıtrogen on yıeld and uptake of macro nutrıents by chıckpea in vertısol. Legume Res, 32(4), 304-306
• Tosun, O. and Eser, D.. (1975). Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ta Ekim Sıklığı Araştırmaları, I. Ekim Sıklığının Verim Üzerine Etkileri. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yıllığı. 25(1), 171-180.
• Walkey, A., (1947). A critical examination of a rapid method for determining organic carbon in soils: effect of variations in digestion conditions and inorganic soil constiuents. Soil Science, 63, 251-263.
• Whitelaw, M.A, Harden, T.J, Helyar, K.R., (1999). Phosphate solubilisation in solution culture by the soil fungus Penicillium radicum. Soil Biol. Biochem, 31, 655-665.
• Whitelaw, M.A., (2000). Growth promotion of plant inoculated with phosphate-solubilizing fungi. Adv. Agrono, 69, 100-151.
• Xie, J., (2008). Screenıng for calcıum phosphate solubılızıng rhızobıum legumınosarum. Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Department of Soil Science University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK