Impact of Music Listening and Information Training Provided Prior to Coronary Angiography on Physiological Parameters and Anxiety

Abstract

Purpose: Individuals often experience anxiety prior to the coronary angiography procedure (CAG) and this condition affects physiological parameters negatively. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of music listening and information training provided prior to CAG on anxiety level and physiological parameters. Materials-Methods: The study was conducted as a randomized controlled intervention study. The sample number was randomized to the intervention 1 (music listening), intervention 2 (information training) and control group (routine care). Each group had 34 individuals. The study assessed the data via the Introductory Characteristics Form, Spielberg’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and pain level in the SPSS (25.00) program. Findings: The mean state anxiety scores had the highest decrease in the music listening group (X ̅=57.59, X ̅=38.93) and the lowest decrease in the control group (X ̅=52.57, X ̅=52.43) compared to before the CAG procedure (p<0.05). Comparing the groups; the lowest anxiety score was in the music listening group (X ̅=32.7) and then respectively in the information training group (X ̅=38.93) and the control group (X ̅=52.43) after the CAG procedure. The physiological parameters created a significant difference (p=0.001) in the music listening and information training group before and after the CAG procedure. However, the parameters created no difference in the control group (p˃0.05). There was no difference between the groups in terms of the physiological parameters (P˃0.05). Conclusion: Music listening and information training provided prior to coronary angiography significantly reduced the blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and anxiety level after the procedure.

Keywords

• Coronary angiography
• Training
• Music theraphy
• Anxiety
• Physiological parameters.

References

1. 1. World Health Organization. Cardiovascular Diseases, 2020 [Access date: 18.03.2021] Access link: https://www.who.int/health-topics/cardiovascular-diseases/#tab=tab_1).
2. 2. Can G, Onat A., Türk Erişkinlerde Kalp Hastalıkları ve Risk Faktörleri (TEKHARF). 1st ed. İstanbul: Logos Yayıncılık. 2017;20-29.
3. 3. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Ölüm Nedeni İstatistikleri. [Access date: 26.04.2021] Access link: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=30626.
4. 4. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Ölüm Nedenlerinin Cinsiyete Göre Dağılımı [Access date: 04.03.2021] Access link: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1083.
5. 5. Akın S. İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği. 1st ed. İstanbul: Akademi Basın. 2013:194
6. 6. Kumar V, Cotran RS, Robbins SL. Kalp. Nobel tıp kitabevleri. Basic Pathology 2000; 308-339
7. 7. Karimi-Moonaghi H, Mojalli M, Khosravan S. Psychosocial complications of coronary arter disease. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2014; 16(6):1-6.
8. 8. Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Mayo Clinic.org. [Access date: 03.06.2021] Access link: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/generalized-anxiety-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20360803.

9. 9. Jamshidi N, Abbaszadeh A, Najafi Kalyani M. Psychological problems in patients awaiting coronary angiography: A Preliminary Study. Anatol J Cardiol. 2012; 13(1): 80-6.
10. 10. Hildrum B, Mykletun A, Holmen J, Dahl AA. Effect of anxiety and depression on blood pressure: 11-year longitudinal population study. Br J Psychiatry. 2008; 193(2):108–13
11. 11. Khayyam Nekouei Z, Yousefy A, Manshaee G, Nikneshan S. Comparing anxiety in cardiac patients candidate for angiogarpy with normal population. ARYAAtheroscler. 2011; 7(3): 93-6.
12. 12. Uzun S, Vural H, Uzun M, Yokusoğlu M. State and Traite anxiety levels before coronary anjiograpy. J Clin Nurs. 2008; 17(5): 602-7.
13. 13. Psikoterapi. [Access date: 03.11.2020] Access link: http://www.psikoterapi.org/mod/page/view.php?id=131. 28.01.2013. 04.03.2020
14. 14. Gu G, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Cui W. Increased Prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with coronary artery disease before and after percutaneous coronary intervention treatment. BMC Psychiatry. 2016; 22(16):1-9.
15. 15. Kocaman Yıldırım N, Öztürk S. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklarda güncel psikososyal yaklaşımlar. Turk J Card Nur. 2016; 7(2): 60-8.
16. 16. Mayoclinic.org. [Access date: 20.12.2020] Access link: Coronary Angiogram. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/coronary-angiogram/about/pac-20384904.
17. 17. Nilsson U. Effectivenes of music interventions for women with high anxiety during coronary angiographic procedures: A randomized controlled. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2013;11(2): 150-3.
18. 18. Khaledifar A, Nasiri M, Khaledifar B, Khaledifar A, Mokhtari A. The Effect Of Reflexotherapy And Massage Therapy On Vital Signs And Stress Before Coronary Angiography: An Open Label Clinical Trial. ARYAAtheroscler. 2017: 13(2): 50-5.
19. 19. Büyükaşık Ö. Koroner Anjiyografi olacak hastalarda sağlık eğitiminin anksiyete düzeyi üzerine etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Marmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü. İstanbul 2008:88.
20. 20. Balcı A, Enç N. Koroner Anjiyografi uygulanacak hastalara verilen görsel-işitsel eğitimin fizyolojik ve psikososyal parametreler üzerine etkisi. Turk J Card Nur. 2013;4(5):41-50.
21. 21. Başar C, Beşli F, Keçebaş M, Kayapınar O, Türker Y. The Effect of audıo-vısual education priorto coronary anjiograpy on the state anxiety. Clin Case Rep Rev. 2015;1(18): 176-78.
22. 22. Delewi R, Vlastra WJ. Rohling W, et al. Anxiety levels of patients undergoing coronary angiography procedures in the catheterization laboratory. Int J Cardiol. 2017; 1(228): 926-30.
23. 23. Heikkila J, Paunonen M, Laippala P, Virtanen V. Nurses’ ability to perceive patıents’ fears related to coronary anjiograpy. J Adv Nurs.1998;28(6):1225-35.
24. 24. Yel P, Ünsar S. Quality of Life and Anxiety Levels of Patients with Coronary Angiography. Turk J Card Nur. 2020; 11(24): 7-15.
25. 25. Forooghi M, Mottahedian Tabrizi E, Khaghanizade M. Effects of music therapy on physical-psychological outcomes in coronary anjiograpy: A review article. IJMR. 2014;1(4):181-7.
26. 26. Jamshidi N, Abbaszadeh A, Kalyani MN, Sharif F. Effectiveness of video information on coronary angiograpy patients’ outcomes. Collegian. 2013; 20(3): 153-9.
27. 27. Mei L, Miao X, Chen H, Huang X, Zheng G. Effectiveness of chinese hand massage on anxiety among patients awaiting coronary angiography. A randomized controlled trial. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2017; 32(2): 196-203.
28. 28. Covington H, Crosby C. Music Therapy as a Nursing Intervention. J Psychosoc Nurs. 1997; 35(3): 34-7.
29. 29. Randomly Assign Subjects to Treatment Groups. QuickCalcs. [Access date: 28.04.2018] Access link: https://www.graphpad.com/quickcalcs/randomize2/
30. 30. Ekiz S, Göz F. Koroner anjiyografi öncesi hastaları bilgilendirmenin anksiyete düzeyi üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2005; 8 (1): 20-30.
31. 31. Haefeli M, Elfering A. Pain asessment. Eur Spine J. 2006; 15(1): 17–24.
32. 32. Kersten P, White PJ, Tennat A. Is the pain visual analogue scale linear and responsiveto change? An exploration using rasch analysis. PLoS One. 2014; 12 (9): 1-10.
33. 33. Ünsal A, Ergül N. Türkiye’de hemşirelik araştırmalarında kullanılan veri toplama araçları. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi. 2010; 7(1): 432-38.
34. 34. Spielberger GL. The State-Trait Anxiety İnventory (test manual). Palo Alto, CA, Consulting Psychologists. 1970; 22.
35. 35. Öner, Le Compte. Durumluluk-Sürekli Anksiyete El Kitabı. 2. Baskı, İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları. 1985;578-84.
36. 36. Akın S. Kardiyovasküler Sistem Hastalıkları ve Bakım, Ed. Z. Durna., İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği. İstanbul: Akademi Basın. 2013:194.
37. 37. Badır A, Demir Korkmaz F. Koroner Arter Hastalıkları. Ed. A. Karadakovan; F. Eti Aslan, Dahili ve Cerrrahi Hastalıklarda Bakım. Ankara: Akademisyen Tıp Kitapevi. 2013: 431.
38. 38. Özmen F. Perkütan Transluminal Koroner Anjiyoplasti, Ed. Ç. Erol. İç Hastalıkları Kardiyoloji. Ankara: Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri. 2011; 505.
39. 39. Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2 Ed. Hillsdale. NJ: Erlbaum. 1988.
40. 40. Vardanjani et al. A randomized controlled trial examining the effects of reflexology on anxiety of patients undergoing coronary angiogarpy. Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2013; 2(3): 3-9.
41. 41. Bally K, Campbell D, Chesnick K, Tranmer JE. Effects of patient- controlled music therapy during coronary anjiograpy on procedural pain and anxiety distress syndrome. Crit Care Nurse. 2003; 23(2): 50-8.
42. 42. Çürük GN, Göriş S, Korkut Bayındır S, Doğan Z. Perkütan koroner girişim uygulanan hastalarda müzik terapinin anksiyete ve yaşam bulguları üzerine etkisi; randomize kontrollü çalışma. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg. 2017; 9(2):130-6.
43. 43. Yılmaz M, Sayın Y, Tel H. Koroner anjiyografi yapılacak hastaların işlem öncesi bilgi gereksinimleri ve anksiyete düzeyleri. Türkiye Klinikleri. 2011; 4 (2):55-65.
44. 44. Zhang CY, Jiang Y, Yin QY, Chen FJ, Ma LL, Wang LX. Impact of nurse- initiated preoperative education on postoperative anxiety symptoms and complications after coronary artery bypass grafting. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2012; 27(1): 84-8.
45. 45. Rejeh N, Heravi-Karimooi M, Davood Tadrisi S, Jahani A, Vaismoradi M, Jordan S. The impact of listeningto pleasant natural sounds on anxiety and physiological parameters in patients undergoing coronary angiography: A pragmaticquasi- randomized- controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2016; 25:42-51.
46. 46. Yen et al. Randomized controlled trial of relaxation music to reduce heart rate in patients undergoing cardiac CT. Eur Radiol. 2016; 26(10): 3635-42.
47. 47. Forooghy M, Mottahedian Tabrizi E, Hajizadeh E, Pishgoo B, Effect of Music Therapy on Patients’ Anxiety and Hemodynamic Parameters During Coronary Angioplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nurs Midwifery Stud.2015; 4(2): 1-7.
48. 48. World Health Organization. Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders. Global Health Estimates. [Access date: 28.11.2020] Access link: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/254610/WHO-MSD-MER-2017.2-eng.pdf
49. 49. Gu G, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Cui W. Increased prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with coronary artery disease before and after percutaneous coronary intervention treatment. BMC Psychiatry. 2016; 22(16): 2-9.
50. 50. Ayasrah SM, Ahmad M. Educational Video ıntervention effects on periprocedural anxiety levels among cardiac catheterization patients: A randomized clinical trial. Res Theory Nurs Pract. 2016;30(1): 70-84.