Ameliyat Sonrası Bulantı ve Kusmayı Önlemede Kullanılan Farmakolojik Olmayan Yöntemlerin Kanıt Düzeyleri

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 97 - 104, 27.09.2019

Melike Durmaz Rukiye Burucu

Öz

Özet
Amaç: Bu makalede; bulantı-kusmayı önlemek/ azaltmak için kullanılan alternatif yöntemlerin kanıt düzeylerine ve öneri derecelerine göre bir literatür incelemesiyle
sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: COCHRANE, PUBMED, Science Direct, Akademik Google veri tabanlarından, 2000 ve sonrası yayınlar incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Bulantı-kusma, klinikte ameliyat sonrası dönemde en sık karşılaşılan sorunlardan biridir. Bulantı-kusmanın olması; hastanın konforu, ameliyat sonrası komplikasyonlar, erken taburculuk, hasta memnuniyeti, yara iyileşmesi ve maliyeti olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle hastanın bulantı-kusmasının olmamasını/ azalmasını sağlamak önemlidir. Sonuç: Bulantı kusmayı önlemek için pek çok farmakolojik olmayan yöntem kullanılmaktadır. Aromaterapik ajanlar, akupunktur noktalarına uygulama yapılması, gevşeme uygulamaları bu amaçla kullanılabilmektedir. Bu yöntemlerin kullanılması
hastalar için bir avantajdır.
Anahtar kelimeler: Ameliyat sonrası bulantı ve kusma, alternatif yöntemler, hemşirelik.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to provide a literature review of the alternative methods used to prevent / reduce nausea and vomiting according to the level of
evidence and degree of recommendation. Materials and Methods: Articles published in 2000 and later were reviewed using the Cochrane, PUBMED, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. Findings: Nausea and vomiting were the most common problems in the postoperative period. Nausea and vomiting have negative effects on patient comfort, postoperative complications, early discharge process, patient satisfaction, wound healing, and cost effectiveness. It is therefore important to ensure that the patient does not have nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: Many non-pharmacological methods are used to prevent nausea and vomiting. Aromatherapy agents, applications to acupuncture points, relaxation and other techniques can be used for this purpose. The use of these methods is an advantage for patients.
Keywords: Postoperative nausea and vomiting, alternative methods, nursing.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ameliyat sonrası bulantı ve kusma, alternatif yöntemler, hemşirelik.

Kaynakça

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