The Impact of Industrial Policy on Technology Transfer: Technology Transfer Models in India, Malaysia and Turkey

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamics of technology transfer in emerging economies such as India, Malaysia, and Turkey, emphasizing the pivotal role of academic institutions in fostering industry collaborations. The primary aim is to identify key factors that promote successful technology commercialization and enhance regional industrial productivity. Employing a qualitative literature review, the research synthesizes empirical data on transfer mechanisms used by universities and firms across various contexts. The findings demonstrate that strategic collaborations, particularly Public-Private Partnerships (PPP), significantly bolster technology transfer. Furthermore, the active involvement of Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) is crucial for aligning academic research with industry needs. The study also reveals that political and governance frameworks heavily influence success; firms with stronger political connections often experience better transfer outcomes. Drawing parallels with models from the USA, Japan, and Israel, the research highlights that foreign direct investment can reinforce domestic capabilities rather than merely substituting them. In conclusion, fostering a conducive environment for technology transfer requires a multifaceted strategy that integrates technical, managerial, and political considerations to bridge the gap between academia and industry.

Keywords

• Technology Transfer
• Stakeholders
• Industrial Policy
• Innovation
• Knowledge

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