Dijital Teknoloji Çağında İsrail Savunma Güçlerinin Kamu Diplomasisi Faaliyetleri: Twitter Paylaşımları Örneği

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 140 - 172, 16.06.2022

Pınar Özden Cankara , Yavuz Cankara

Öz

Bilişim teknolojilerinin endüstriyel üretim ile bütünleşmesiyle Sanayi Devrimi’nin dördüncü fazı olarak adlandırılan yeni bir dönemece girilmiştir. Başta ulus devletler olmak üzere uluslararası sistemde yer alan diğer tüm aktörler de bu süreçte yeni sosyalleşme alanı olan internet ve sosyal medyayı kendi çıkarları için kullanmaya başlamıştır. Görsel ve yazılı medya üzerinden halklar nezdinde algı yaratma süreci olarak tanımlanabilecek kamu diplomasisi bu noktada devreye girmektedir. Hamas, İslami Cihat Örgütü ve Hizbullah ile sürekli mücadele içinde bulunan İsrail Savunma Güçleri (İSG), terörle mücadele adı altında orantısız güç uygulamaktadır. Bu nedenle uluslararası toplumda İsrail’e ve İSG’ye karşı tepki oluşmaya başlamıştır. İsrail militarist bir devlet olarak etiketlenmekte, İSG askerleri ise acımasız olarak görülmektedir. Yumuşak ve akıllı güç uygulamaları ve kamu diplomasisi hem İsrail hem de İSG için bu nedenle önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, akıllı güç stratejisi ve bir kamu diplomasisi olarak İSG’nin 2000’li yıllarda nasıl bir imaj düzeltme ve marka yaratma stratejisi izlediğini analiz etmektedir. Bu amaçla çalışmada içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak 2018-2020 yılları arasında İSG’nin resmî Twitter hesabından atılan tweetler incelenmiştir. İSG’nin Nicholas Cull’un tarif ettiği şekilde kamu diplomasisi uygulamaları yaptığı ve bir yandan da Twitter üzerinden hem hakkında oluşan negatif söylemlerden kurtulmaya çalıştığı hem de kriz anlarında olayları maniple etmeye çalıştığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İsrail Savunma Güçleri, kamu diplomasisi, Twitter, İsrail, yumuşak güç

Israel Defense Forces’ Public Diplomacy Activities in the Age of Digital Technology: The Case of IDF Tweets

Öz

The integration of information technologies into industrial production has opened a new epoch; The fourth phase of the industrial revolution. In this phase, nation-states and the all other actors in the international system have started to use the new socialization areas, that is, the internet and social media, for their own interests. Public diplomacy, which can be defined as the process of creating a perception among the peoples through visual and written media, comes into play at this point. Israel Defense Forces (IDF) often applies disproportionate hard power instruments against Hamas, the Islamic Jihad Organization, and Hezbollah, as a so-called counter-terrorism strategy. This raises negative reactions against both Israel and IDF in the international community. Israel is labeled as a militarist state, while IDF soldiers are seen as brutal. The soft and smart power strategies and public diplomacy, therefore, gains importance for both Israel and IDF to improve her international image. This paper analyzes the image improvement and brand correction strategies of IDF in the 2000s as a smart power strategy and public diplomacy. For this reason in the study, by using the content analysis technique, the tweets sent from the official Twitter account of the IDF between the years 2018-2020 were examined. It has been concluded that the IDF practices public diplomacy as described by Nicholas Cull, and on the other hand, IDF tries to get rid of negative discourses on Twitter and tries to manipulate the events in times of crisis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Israel Defense Forces, public diplomacy, Twitter, Israel, soft power

Kaynakça

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