Çin'in Merkezi Asya'daki Ekonomik Etkisinin Analizi: Kırgızistan ve Tacikistan Örneğiyle Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 4, 171 - 191, 09.12.2024

Rahman Nurdun

Öz

Çin'in Orta Asya›da, özellikle de Kırgızistan ve Tacikistan gibi ekonomik açıdan dezavantajlı ülkelerde artan etkisi derinlemesine analiz gerektiren çok yönlü bir olgu olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu makale, Çin›in bu iki Orta Asya ülkesindeki angajmanının etkisini incelemekte ve bu kapsamda Çin›in kullandığı kalkınma yardımı ve Kuşak ve Yol Girişimi (BRI) gibi araçlara ışık tutmaktadır. Yaşadıkları ekonomik zorluklara rağmen Kırgızistan ve Tacikistan; hibeler, imtiyazlı krediler ve altyapı projeleri aracılığıyla sosyoekonomik görünümlerini yeniden şekillendiren Çin yardımının önde gelen alıcıları haline gelmiştir. Çin›in bu ülkelerdeki yardım angajmanının temelinde Kırgızistan ve Tacikistan›ı Çin›in bölgesel bağlantı arayışında önemli düğüm noktaları olarak konumlandıran iddialı Kuşak ve Yol Girişimi yatmaktadır. Kırgızistan ve Tacikistan, Çin ile ilişkilerini sürdürürken, Orta Asya›da gelişen jeopolitik dinamikler ortasında ulusal çıkarlarını koruyarak, ekonomik fırsatlardan yararlanma gibi hassas bir görevle karşı karşıyadırlar. Bu makale, Çin›in kalkınma yardımı ve Kuşak ve Yol Girişimi yoluyla Kırgızistan ve Tacikistan›daki etkisini incelemeyi ve bu ilişkinin ortaya çıkardığı zorlukları ve fırsatları aydınlatmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çin, Orta Asya, Kırgızistan, Tacikistan, Kalkınma Yardımı

Unraveling China’s Aid Strategy Towards Central Asian Countries: The Case of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan

Öz

China’s burgeoning influence in Central Asia, particularly in economically disadvantaged nations like Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, presents a multifaceted phenomenon deserving of deeper analysis. This article delves into the impact of Chinese involvement in these two Central Asian countries, shedding light on the instruments employed by China, such as development aid and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Despite their economic challenges, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan have emerged as key recipients of Chinese aid, receiving grants, concessional loans, and infrastructure projects that have reshaped their socio-economic landscapes. At the heart of China’s engagement lies the ambitious Belt and Road Initiative, which has positioned Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan as pivotal nodes in China’s quest for regional connectivity. As Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan navigate their relationship with China, they face the delicate task of leveraging economic opportunities while safeguarding their national interests amidst evolving geopolitical dynamics in Central Asia. This article aims to analyze Chinese influence through development aid and the BRI in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, illuminating both the opportunities and challenges of this relationship.

Anahtar Kelimeler

China, Central Asia, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Development Aid

Etik Beyan

This article is an expanded version of the paper titled “the Impact Analysis of Chinese Aid to Central Asia”, which was presented at “International Congress on Changing Geopolitics of Central Asia and Caucasus: Challenges and Prospects” organized by Arel USAM on 17-18 Haz 2023 in İstanbul.

Kaynakça

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