Sporcularda Yeme Davranış Bozukluklarına Bir Örnek: Kas Dismorfisi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 18 - 24, 30.06.2024

Gözde Şentürk , Pınar Gobel

https://doi.org/10.51538/intjourexerpsyc.1366313

Öz

Yapılan çalışmalar günümüzde bireylerde “bigoreksiya” diğer bir adıyla “kas dismorfisi” riskinin arttığı yönündedir. Kas dismorfisi, bireylerin kas kütlesini büyütmeyi takıntı haline getirmesi ve aynı zamanda daha az yağ kütlesine sahip olmayı arzulaması ile tanımlanan bir tür vücut dismorfik bozukluğudur. Özellikle vücut geliştirme gibi kas kütlesinin önemli olduğu sporlarda görülür. Bu çalışmada sporcularda kas dismorfisi kavramına bakış derlenmiştir. Kas dismorfili bireyler kas kütlesinin yetersizliği ile ilgili takıntılı düşüncelere sahiptir. Bu durum bireyleri beslenme tarzı değişikliklerine, tüketilen protein miktarlarında aşırı artışa, zorlayıcı ve devamlı egzersiz programlarının uygulanmasına, ergojenik desteklere çok para harcamaya, ergojenik desteklerin kullanımında artışa, steroid tarzı madde kullanımlarına, spor salonlarında aşırı vakit geçirmeye itebilmektedir. Kas dismorfisi, genel kaslılık ile patolojik bir meşguliyettir ve yağ almadan vücut ağırlık artışı dürtüsü ile karakterize edilmektedir. Kas dismorfisi, bireyin kendi bedeninden utanma duygusuna, mahcubiyet duymasına, kendini küçük ve zayıf hissetmesine neden olmaktadır. Genel popülasyonun kas dismorfisi prevalansı bilinmemekle birlikte, futbolcular, vücut geliştiriciler veya halterciler gibi yüksek kas kütlesi gerektiren sporlara katılımların kas dismorfisi gelişimindeki riski arttırdığı bildirilmektedir. Literatürde kas dismorfisi kavramına çok az yer verilmesine rağmen kas dismorfisinin sporcularda yaygın olarak görülme riski unutulmamalı ve sporculara doğru müdahalenin yapılabilmesi için kas dismorfisinin erken tanı ve tedavisi üzerine odaklanılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kas dismorfisi, sporcu, yeme bozukluğu

An Example of Eating Behavior Disorders in Athletes: Muscle Dysmorphia

Öz

Recent studies show that the risk of bigorexia, also known as muscle dysmorphia, increases in individuals today. Muscle dysmorphia is a type of body dysmorphic disorder characterized by an obsession with growing muscle mass and a desire to have less fat mass. It is especially seen in sports where muscle mass is important, such as bodybuilding. In this study, an overview of the concept of muscle dysmorphia in athletes was compiled. Individuals with bigorexia have obsessive thoughts about lack of muscle mass. This may lead individuals to change their diet, increase the amount of protein consumed, apply compelling and continuous exercise programs, spend excessive money on ergogenic supports, increase the use of ergogenic supports, use steroid-like substances, and spend excessive time in gyms. Muscle dysmorphia is a pathological preoccupation with general muscularity and is characterized by an urge to gain body weight without gaining fat. Muscle dysmorphia causes the individual to feel ashamed of his own body, to feel embarrassed, and to feel small and weak. Although the prevalence of muscle dysmorphia in the general population is not known, it has been reported that participation in sports that require high muscle mass, such as football players, bodybuilders, or weightlifters, increases the risk of developing muscle dysmorphia. Although muscle dysmorphia is not mentioned much in the literature, it should be kept in mind that it is common in athletes, and early diagnosis and treatment of muscle dysmorphia should be focused on.

Anahtar Kelimeler

muscle dysmorphia, athlete, eating disorder

Kaynakça

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