BİR BENZİN MOTORUNDA EMME HAVASINA SU EKLENMESİNİN MOTOR PERFORMANSINA VE EGZOZ EMİSYONLARINA ETKİLERİNİN DENEYSEL OLARAK İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Sunulan çalışmada, buji ateşlemeli bir otomobil motorunda (Renault Clio) emme havasına su eklenmesinin (EHSE) motor performansı ve egzoz emisyonları üzerindeki etkileri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Deneyler; dört farklı motor devrinde ve % (3, 6, 9 ve 12, hacimsel oran) gibi dört farklı su oranında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her motor devri için 6 faklı yükleme durumu seçilmiştir. Ayrıca motorun maksimum devri 6000 d/d için 5 tane yük değeri seçilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda; EHSE ile özgül yakıt tüketiminin (ÖYT) (3000, 4000 ve 5000) d/d için azaldığı belirlenmiştir. (3000, 4000 ve 5000) d/d devir sayılarında ÖYT’nde bulunan maksimum azalma oranları sırasıyla % 5.60 su oranında % 28.27, % 2.67 su oranında % 4.160 ve % 9.0 su oranında % 7.19 düzeyinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte; ÖYT, 6000 d/d devir sayısında EHSE ile artmıştır. EHSE ile, NOx’lerin ve HC’lerin ise seçilen tüm çalışma koşullarında genel olarak azaldığı görülmüştür. (3000, 4000, 5000 ve 6000) d/d devir sayılarında; NOx’lerde elde edilen maksimum azalma oranları sırasıyla, % 8.67 su oranında % 37.80, % 12.18 su oranında % 58.21 ve % 12.17 su oranında % 57.80 % 12.12 su oranında % 66.17düzeylerinde olmuştur. Aynı devir sayıları için EHSE ile HC’lerde ortalama % 9.40 düzeyinde azalma sağlanmıştır. EHSE ile; 3000 d/d devir sayısında CO emisyonunu azalmasına karşın, (4000 ve 5000) d/d’da CO emisyonu genel olarak artmıştır. 6000 d/d devir sayısında ise CO oranları EHSE ile önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Bu çalışmada deneysel verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonunda, hem motor karakteristikleri ve hem de egzoz emisyonları açısından yaklaşık % 9 su oranının en iyi su oranı olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buji ateşlemeli motor
• Emme havasına su püskürtme
• Motor karakteristikleri
• Egzoz emisyonu

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF WATER ADDING INTO THE INTAKE AIR ON THE ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS IN A SPARK-IGNITION ENGINE

Öz

In the present study, the effects of water addition into intake air (WAIA) on the engine performance and exhaust emissions have been investigated experimentally in an automotive spark-ignition engine (SIE) which is used in Renault Clio vehicles. Experiments have been performed for (3, 6, 9 and 12) % (by vol.) water ratios (WRs) at different engine speeds and different loads. Selected engine speeds were (3000, 4000 5000, and 6000) rpms. 6000 rpm is the maximum speed of this engine. Selected loads were (100, 90, 80, 70, 60, and 50) Nm for (3000, 4000, and 5000) rpms and were (80, 75, 70, 65 and 65) Nm for 6000 rpm, respectively. The test results showed that WAIA decreases significantly brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) at (3000, 4000, and 5000) rpms, but it increases BSFC at 6000 rpm. The maximum reduction ratios of BSFC at (3000, 4000, and 5000) rpms have been attained at the levels of 28.27 % for 5.60 % WR, 4.160 for 2.67 % WR and 7.19 % for 9.00 % WR, respectively. WAIA generally decreases nitrogen oxides (NOx) and total hydrocarbon (HC) emissions at all of the selected operating conditions. At (3000, 4000, 5000 and 6000) rpms, the maximum reduction ratios of NOx have been reached at the levels of 37.80 % for 8.67 % WR, 58.21 % for 12.18 WR, 57.80 % for 12.17 WR and 66.17% for 12.12.WR, respectively. Approximately 9.40 % decrement in HC was achieved by WAIA at the selected engine speeds. Carbon monoxide (CO) emission decreases by applying WAIA at 3000 rpm whereas it generally increases at (4000 and 5000) rpms. Unlike other engine speeds, WAIA increases CO emission significantly at 6000 rpm. Approximately 9 % WR yields the best results for engine performance and exhaust emissions at all of the selected operating conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Spark ignition engine
• Water addition into intake air
• Engine characteristics
• Exhaust emissions

Kaynakça

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