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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Uluslararası Bilim Teknoloji ve Tasarım Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2757-8127</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Food Chemistry and Food Sensory Science</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Gıda Kimyası ve Gıda Sensör Bilimi</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Impact of Lactose Hydrolysis on Physical and Sensory Properties of Reduced Sugar Ice-cream</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Laktoz Hidrolizinin Şekeri Azaltılmış Dondurmanın Fiziksel ve Duyusal Özellikleri Üzerindeki Etkisi</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2754-0133</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Akbulut Çakır</surname>
                                    <given-names>Çağım</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0040-3690</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Büdüş</surname>
                                    <given-names>Fatma</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8307-8521</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Akın</surname>
                                    <given-names>Musa</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0983-8577</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Palabıçak</surname>
                                    <given-names>Büşra</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20241130">
                    <day>11</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2024</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>5</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>12</fpage>
                                        <lpage>23</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20240826">
                        <day>08</day>
                        <month>26</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20241011">
                        <day>10</day>
                        <month>11</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2020, Uluslararası Bilim Teknoloji ve Tasarım Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Uluslararası Bilim Teknoloji ve Tasarım Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>It is estimated that about two third of the world population encounters lactase deficiency at different levels. Lactose constitutes about one third of the solid matters in ice-cream and can exert several texture problems due to crystallization. There is a growing trend towards healthy foods with less added sugar and lactose-free products. In this study, it is aimed to reduce the sugar content of ice-cream by taking advantage of the increase in sweetness after lactose hydrolysis. In this study, ice-creams were produced at 4 different sugar content (18%, 16%, 14%, 12%), and 100% hydrolysis of the lactose was ensured. Control group wasn’t treated with β-galactosidase. The physical, chemical, and sensorial properties of ice-creams were investigated during 60d storage period. Hydrolysis of the lactose improved the sweetness scores of ice-cream samples. Reducing the sugar content down to 14% was possible by lactose hydrolysis, receiving a similar sweetness with 18% control. Viscosity and overrun of ice-cream samples increased by lactose hydrolysis while firmness scores decreased. We observed differences in melting trends of enzyme treated samples depending on the sugar content. At 12% sugar content, enzyme treated ice-creams resisted longer to the melting than the control. However, as the sugar content increase, enzyme treated samples exhibited faster melt than the control. This study provides an alternative way of sweetening the ice-cream without the use of sweeteners which are not label friendly. Our findings are also important to show how sugar reduction influence several textural attributes of the ice-cream when lactose is completely hydrolysed.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Dünya nüfusunun yaklaşık üçte ikisinde farklı seviyelerde laktaz eksikliği olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Laktoz, dondurmadaki katı maddelerin yaklaşık üçte birini oluşturur ve kristalleşme nedeniyle çeşitli doku sorunlarına neden olabilir. Laktoz içermeyen ürünlere artan ilginin yanı sıra, daha az ilave şeker içeren sağlıklı gıdalara yönelik artan bir eğilim var. Bu çalışmada laktoz hidrolizi ile oluşan tatlılık artışından yararlanılarak dondurmanın şeker içeriğinin düşürülmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, dondurma örnekleri 4 farklı şeker oranında (%18, %16, %14, %12) üretilmiş ve laktozun %100 hidrolizi sağlanmıştır. Kontrol grubu β-galaktosidaz ile muamele edilmemiştir. Dondurmaların fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal özellikleri 60 günlük depolama süresince incelenmiştir. Laktozun hidrolizi, dondurma örneklerinin tatlılık puanlarını artırmıştır. Laktoz hidrolizi ile şeker içeriğinin %14&#039;e düşürülmesi mümkün olmuş ve %18 kontrol ile benzer bir tatlılık elde edilmiştir. Dondurma örneklerinin viskozitesi ve hacim artışı laktoz hidrolizi ile artarken, sertlik skorları azalmıştır. Enzimle muamele edilmiş numunelerin erime trendleri şeker içeriğine bağlı olarak değişmiştir. %12 şeker içeriğinde, enzimle muamele edilmiş dondurmalar, kontrole göre erimeye daha uzun süre direnmiştir. Bununla birlikte, şeker içeriği arttıkça, enzimle muamele edilmiş numuneler, kontrolden daha hızlı erime sergilemiştir. Bu çalışma, etiket dostu olmayan tatlandırıcılar kullanılmadan dondurmayı tatlandırmak için alternatif bir yol sunmaktadır. Bulgularımız, laktoz tamamen hidrolize edildiğinde şeker oranını düşürmenin dondurmanın çeşitli tekstürel özelliklerini nasıl etkilediğini göstermek açısından da önemlidir.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Lactose Hydrolysis</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Ice-Cream</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Low Sugar</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Laktoz Hidrolizi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Dondurma</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Şeker Oranı Azaltılmış</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                        <funding-group specific-use="FundRef">
                    <award-group>
                                                    <funding-source>
                                <named-content content-type="funder_name">HÜBAK</named-content>
                            </funding-source>
                                                                            <award-id>17126</award-id>
                                            </award-group>
                </funding-group>
                                </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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