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THE TRANSNATIONAL SPREAD OF TURKISH TELEVISION SOAP OPERAS

Yıl 2014, Sayı: 47, 75 - 96, 15.12.2014

Öz

Turkish soap operas that are primarily popular in Turkic Republics, Middle East, and the Balkans have in recent years spread to different countries. With the entry into Ukrainian, Pakistani, Russian, and Chinese markets last year, tens of Turkish soap operas now reach their viewers in over 50 countries, and generate export revenues. Short-term return on investment, new communication technologies, Istanbul’s ‘magnetic nature attracting new talents’ and different sociocultural forces and policies play key role in such extensive spread of Turkish TV series. As cultural commodities, TV series, while the images and identities they contain spread, reach at the same time new customers through geographical expansion, and increase the earnings of producers. Yet, the distribution of soap operas is important as much as their production. This requires focusing on the commodities with geo-linguistic and geo-cultural markets rather than companies producing these commodities. Therefore, demand for these non-Western commodities of different geographies points to a contra-flow. In a sense, while new media centers are emerging elsewhere other than the United States of America (USA)-Europe axis, it can be spoken of a regional opposition to the Western hegemony, though there is not an important historical leitmotive or transformation. Thus, in this study, relations between power, cultural commodity, and geography and the spread of Turkish soap operas in different geographies will be discussed with a political economic approach by also drawing attention to the historical commonality

Kaynakça

  • 75 ülkeye 150 milyon dolarlık dizi ihracatı yapıldı. (2013, June 21). Dünya Gazetesi. Retrieved from http://www.dunya.com/75-ulkeye-150-milyon-dolarlik-dizi-ihracati-yapildi-195832h. htm
  • Akgün, M. & Senyücel Gündoğar, S. (January, 2012). Ortadoğu’da Türkiye Algısı 2011. Retrieved from http://www.tesev.org.tr/assets/publications/file/OD_Turkiye_Algisi_2011.pdf
  • Akgün, M. & Senyücel Gündoğar, S. (December, 2012). Ortadoğu’da Türkiye Algısı 2012. Retrieved from http://www.tesev.org.tr/assets/publications/file/21102013103806.pdf
  • Akgün, M. & Senyücel Gündoğar, S. (November, 2013). Ortadoğu’da Türkiye Algısı 2013. Retrieved from http://www.tesev.org.tr/assets/publications/file/21102013103806.pdf
  • Albarran, A. B. (2002). Media Economics. ABD: Iowa State Press.
  • Albizu, J. A. (2007). Geolinguistic Regions and Diasporas in the Age of Satellite Television. The International Communication Gazette, 69(3), 239–261.
  • An Institutional History of Soap Operas. (n.d.). Retrieved October 26, 2013 from http://xroads. virginia.edu/~DRBR2/soaps.pdf
  • Atay, T. (2012, December 28). Arap kadınının ‘Nur’da bulduğu ‘nur’: Laik İslâm. Radikal. Retrieved from http://www.radikal.com.tr/yazarlar/tayfun_atay/arap_kadininin_nurda_buldugu_nur_ laik_islam-1114289
  • Başbakan’ın eleştirdiği dizi ile ilgili bakanlıktan açıklama. (2012, November 26). Milliyet. Retrieved from http://www.milliyet.com.tr/basbakan-in-elestirdigi-dizi-ile-ilgili-bakanliktan-aciklama/ siyaset/siyasetdetay/26.11.2012/1633089/default.htm
  • Bettig, R. (1996). Copyrighting Culture. USA: Westview Press.
  • Bicket, D. (2005). Reconsidering Geocultural Contraflow: Intercultural Information Flows Through Trends in Global Audiovisual Trade. Global Media Journal, 4(6). Retrieved from http://lass. purduecal.edu/cca/gmj/sp05/gmj-sp05-bicket.htm
  • Bielby, D. D. & Harrington C. L. (2005). Opening America? The Telenovela-ization of U.S. Soap Operas. Television & New Media, 6(4), 383-399.
  • Bielby, D. D. & Harrington C. L. (2008). Global TV:Exporting Television and Culture in the World Market. New York: NYU Press.
  • Bloomberg HT (2013, February 28). Doğan: Dizi sektörünün hacmi 100 milyon doları aştı [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.bloomberght.com/multimedia/video/45937/12/1
  • Calinos. (2011, April 4). “Yerli dizilerin Ortadoğu ve Balkanlar’da yüksek izlenme oranına sahip olması...” Retrieved from http://www.calinos.com/haberler-detay-page06.html#.Ugy0B9IeBiI
  • Candemir, Y. (2013, April 29). Turkish Soap Operas: The Unstoppable Boom. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://blogs.wsj.com/middleeast/2013/04/29/turkish-soap-op- eras-the-unstoppable-boom/
  • Caves, R. (2000). Creative Innovation: Contact Between Art and Commerce. USA: Harvard Univer- sity Press, Cambridge, MA.
  • Christophers, B. (2010). Envisioning Media Power: On Capital and Geographies of Television. USA: Lexington Books.
  • Farivar, C. (2012). Germany: YouTube must Improve Monitoring of Copyrighted Content. Re- trieved from arstechnica.com/business/2012/04/german-court-youtube-must-prevent-up- load-of copyrighted-content/
  • Garnham, N. (1987). Concepts of Culture: Public Policy and the Cultural Industries. Cultural Stud- ies,1, 23-37.
  • Garnham, N. (2005). From Cultural to Creative Industries: An analysis of the implications of the “creative industries” approach to arts and media policy making in the UK. International Jour- nal of Cultural Policy, 11, 15-30.
  • Georgiou, M. (2011). Watching Soap Opera in the Diaspora: Cultural Proximity or Critical Proximi- ty. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 35(5), 868-887.
  • Gizli silah: Diziler. (2012, December 16). Retrieved from O Haber: http://ohaber.com/gizli-si- lah-diziler-h-222773.html
  • Global Agency. (2013, November 15). Retrieved from http://www.basinbulteni.com/kurum/glob- al-agency/hakkimizda
  • Great Films, Latin American and Turkish Soap Operas, Scripts, Varieties and Formats (2014). Re- trieved from SOMOS: http://www.somosdistribution.net/en/detalle-prensa.php?id=34
  • Harvey, D. (2012). Sermayenin Mekanları (B. Kıcır et al., Trans.). İstanbul: Sel Yayıncılık.
  • Haven, T. (2006). Global Television Marketplace. London: British Film Institute Press.
  • Herman, E. & McChesney, R. (1997). The Global Media: The New Missionaries of Corporate Capi- talism. London: Cassell.
  • İSMMMO. (2008, November 4). İstanbul Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirler Odası’nın 04/10/2008 2008/18 BASIN BÜLTENİ.
  • İSMMMO. (2010, July 11). Dizi Sektörü Yüzde 30 Küçüldü. Retrieved from http://archive.ismmmo. org.tr/docs/basin/2010/bulten/11072010_Diziekonomisi.pdf
  • İSMMMO. (2013, November 9). İstanbul Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirler Odası. Retrieved from http://archive.ismmmo.org.tr
  • İşte en çok kazanan dizi yapımcıları. (2013, November 5). Retrieved from Patronlar Dünyası: http://www.patronlardunyasi.com/yhaber.asp?haberid=146381
  • Lee, S.J. (2011). The Korean Wave: The Seoul of Asia. The Elon Journal of Undergraduate research in Communications, 2(1), 85-93.
  • McChesney, R. W. (2001). Global Media, Neoliberalism, and Imperialism. Monthly Review, 52(10).
  • Muhteşem Yüzyıl. (n.d.). Retrieved July 20, 2013 from Vikipedi: Özgür Ansiklopedi: http://tr.wiki- pedia.org/wiki/Muhteşem_Yüzyıl
  • Murdock, G. (2000). Digital Futures: European Television in the Age of Convergence. In Wieten, J., Murdock, G., Dahlgren (Eds.), Television Across Europe: A Comparative Introduction, (35- 57). Sage Publications.
  • My-mip. (2013, November). Retrieved from http://www.my-mip.com/online-database/mipcom/ companies/ ?kw= buyer&d = 100189 %7C152_ 122243 &rpp=12&so=3#
  • NATPE. (2013, November). Retrieved from https://www.natpe.com/welcome
  • Nye, J. (2002). Hard and soft power in a global information age. In Leonard, M. (Ed.), Re-order- ing the world, (2-10). London, UK: Foreign Policy Center (FPC). Retrieved from http://www. isn.ethz.ch/isn/DigitalLibrary/Publications/Detail/?ots591=0c54e3b3-1e9c-be1e-2c24- a6a8c7060233&lng=en&id=21702
  • Rapis, A. (2012). Turkish Pillars of Soft Power in Southeastern Europe, (Unpublished Master The- sis), University of Macedonia, Greece.
  • Russel, C.A. & Stern, B. (2006). Consumption in Soap Operas from Brazil, New Zealand, and the U.S.: Production, Products and Process. Advances in Consumer Research, 33, 134-136.
  • Sinclair, J. (1999). Geolinguistic Region As Global Space. Retrieved from http://www2.fiu. edu/~ereserve/010018623-1.pdf
  • Straubhaar, J. D. (2002). (Re)asserting National Media and National Identity Against the Global, Regional and Local Levels of World Television. In J. M. Chan & B. T. McIntyre (Eds.), In search of boundaries: Communication, nation-states, and cultural identities. Westport, Conn.: Ablex Publishing.
  • Straubhaar, J. D. (2008). Global, Hybrid or Multiple Cultural Identities in the Age of Satellite TV and the Internet. Nordicom Review, 29(2), 11-29.
  • Straubhaar, J.D. (1991). Beyond Media Imperialism:Assymmetrical Interdependence and Cultural Proximity. Critical studies in Mass Communication, 8, 39-59.
  • Şehirler, yaratıcı sınıfları kendine çeken bir mıknatıs. (2011, June 27). Dünya Gazetesi. Retrieved from http://www.dunya.com/ozel-dosyalar/sehirler-yaratici-siniflari-kendine-ceken-bir-mi- knatis-125858h.htm
  • Thussu, D.K. (2006). Contra-Flow in Global Media:An Asian Perspective. Retrieved from http:// www.amic.org.sg/Resources/Research_Materials/Broadcasting/Contra%20Flow%20in%20 Global%20Media%20An%20Asian%20Perspective.pdf
  • Töre, E. Ö. (2010). İstanbul’da Kültür Ekonomisini Döndüren Çarklardan Biri: Film Endüstrisi Temel Yapısal Özellikler, Fırsat ve Tehditler, Politika Önerileri Sektörel Araştırma Raporu. Retrieved from http://www.istanbulkulturenvanteri.gov.tr/files/yayinlar/ ISTANBULDA _FILM_ ENDUS- TRISI.pdf
  • Türk Dizileri İsveç’te Tartışıldı. (2013, October 26). Dünya Gazetesi. Retrieved from http://www. dunya.com/mobi/turk-dizileri-isvecte-tartisildi-206058h.htm
  • Türkiye’de 16 bin 800 şirket batacak (2013, December 13). Retrieved from Press Türk Gazetesi: http://www.pressturk.com/ekonomi/haber/140006/turkiyede-16-bin-800-sirket-batacak. html
  • Türkiye’den 180 milyon dolarlık dizi ihracatı. Retrieved December 13, 2013 from http://www. ensonhaber.com/turkiyeden-180-milyon-dolarlik-dizi-ihracati-2013-12-08.html
  • Yazıcı, İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi’nde Yapılan Konferansa Katıldı. (2012, November 8). Retrieved from T.C. Gümrük ve Ticaret Bakanlığı: http://www.gtb.gov.tr/haberler/yazici-ı̇stanbul-ticar- et-universitesinde-yapilan-konferansa-katildi
  • Yörük, Z. & Vatikiotis, P. (2013). Soft Power or Illusion of Hegemony: The Case of the Turkish Soap Opera Colonialism. International Journal of Communication, 7, 2361-2385. TABLES
  • Table 1: Tv Series and Total Revenue RANK- TV SERIES ING PRODUCTION PRODUCER COMPANY CHAN- TOTAL NEL Magnificent Century
  • Valley of the Wolves: Ambush Karadayı
  • Tim’s Production Timur Savcı STAR TV
  • Pana Production Raci Şaşmaz ATV ATV 4 North South
  • Desperate House- wives
  • As Time Goes By Ay Production Kerem Çatay
  • KANAL D 24.996.900 5 Med Production Fatih Aksoy FOX TV 18.700.000 D Production
  • Doğan Holding KANAL D 19.735.200
  • Serenity Street Set Film Cem Özay ATV 8 Dila Hanım Gold Film Faruk Turgut STAR TV 16.777.400 20 Minutes Ay Production Kerem Çatay STAR TV 10 Forgive Me Focus Film Nilgün STAR TV Sağyaşar 15.850.000
  • Source: http://www.patronlardunyasi.com/yhaber.asp?haberid=14638

TÜRK TV DİZİLERİNİN ULUSÖTESİ YAYILIMI

Yıl 2014, Sayı: 47, 75 - 96, 15.12.2014

Öz

Öncelikle Türki Cumhuriyetleri, Ortadoğu ve Balkanlarda ilgiyle izlenen Türk dizileri son yıllarda farklı ülkelere de yayılmıştır. Geçen yıl Ukrayna, Pakistan Rusya ve Çin pazarına da girilmesiyle, şu anda onlarca Türk dizisi elliden fazla ülkede izleyicisiyle buluşmakta ve ihracat geliri oluşturmaktadır. Dizilerin bu kadar yaygınlaşmasında, yapılan yatırımın getirisinin kısa zamanda alınabilmesi, yeni iletişim teknolojileri, İstanbul’un yeni yetenekleri ‘mıknatıs gibi çekmesi’, çeşitli sosyo- kültürel güçlerin ve politikaların etkisi bulunmaktadır. Temelde kültürel meta olan dizi filmler içerdikleri imajları ve kimlikleri yayılırken coğrafi genişleme yoluyla yeni müşterilere ulaşmakta ve üreticilerin kazancını artırmaktadır. Ancak kültürel meta olan dizilerin dağıtımları, en az üretimleri kadar önemli olmaktadır. Bu da metaları üreten kuruluşlardan çok geo-linguistik ve geo-kültürel piyasalara sahip metaların kendisine odaklanmayı gerekli kılmaktadır. Nitekim, Batılı olmayan bu kültürel metalara olan farklı coğrafyaların talebi karşıt bir akışı göstermektedir. Bir anlamda, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD)-Avrupa ekseni dışında yeni medya merkezleri ortaya çıkarken, önemli bir tarihsel anamotif (leitimof) ya da dönüşüm olmamakla birlikte Batı hegemonyasına karşı bölgesel bir karşı çıkıştan söz edilebilir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada, güç, kültürel meta ve coğrafya arasındaki ilişkiler Türk dizilerinin farklı coğrafyalardaki yayılımı tarihsel ortaklığa da dikkat çekilerek ekonomi politik yaklaşım ile ele alınacaktır. 

Kaynakça

  • 75 ülkeye 150 milyon dolarlık dizi ihracatı yapıldı. (2013, June 21). Dünya Gazetesi. Retrieved from http://www.dunya.com/75-ulkeye-150-milyon-dolarlik-dizi-ihracati-yapildi-195832h. htm
  • Akgün, M. & Senyücel Gündoğar, S. (January, 2012). Ortadoğu’da Türkiye Algısı 2011. Retrieved from http://www.tesev.org.tr/assets/publications/file/OD_Turkiye_Algisi_2011.pdf
  • Akgün, M. & Senyücel Gündoğar, S. (December, 2012). Ortadoğu’da Türkiye Algısı 2012. Retrieved from http://www.tesev.org.tr/assets/publications/file/21102013103806.pdf
  • Akgün, M. & Senyücel Gündoğar, S. (November, 2013). Ortadoğu’da Türkiye Algısı 2013. Retrieved from http://www.tesev.org.tr/assets/publications/file/21102013103806.pdf
  • Albarran, A. B. (2002). Media Economics. ABD: Iowa State Press.
  • Albizu, J. A. (2007). Geolinguistic Regions and Diasporas in the Age of Satellite Television. The International Communication Gazette, 69(3), 239–261.
  • An Institutional History of Soap Operas. (n.d.). Retrieved October 26, 2013 from http://xroads. virginia.edu/~DRBR2/soaps.pdf
  • Atay, T. (2012, December 28). Arap kadınının ‘Nur’da bulduğu ‘nur’: Laik İslâm. Radikal. Retrieved from http://www.radikal.com.tr/yazarlar/tayfun_atay/arap_kadininin_nurda_buldugu_nur_ laik_islam-1114289
  • Başbakan’ın eleştirdiği dizi ile ilgili bakanlıktan açıklama. (2012, November 26). Milliyet. Retrieved from http://www.milliyet.com.tr/basbakan-in-elestirdigi-dizi-ile-ilgili-bakanliktan-aciklama/ siyaset/siyasetdetay/26.11.2012/1633089/default.htm
  • Bettig, R. (1996). Copyrighting Culture. USA: Westview Press.
  • Bicket, D. (2005). Reconsidering Geocultural Contraflow: Intercultural Information Flows Through Trends in Global Audiovisual Trade. Global Media Journal, 4(6). Retrieved from http://lass. purduecal.edu/cca/gmj/sp05/gmj-sp05-bicket.htm
  • Bielby, D. D. & Harrington C. L. (2005). Opening America? The Telenovela-ization of U.S. Soap Operas. Television & New Media, 6(4), 383-399.
  • Bielby, D. D. & Harrington C. L. (2008). Global TV:Exporting Television and Culture in the World Market. New York: NYU Press.
  • Bloomberg HT (2013, February 28). Doğan: Dizi sektörünün hacmi 100 milyon doları aştı [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.bloomberght.com/multimedia/video/45937/12/1
  • Calinos. (2011, April 4). “Yerli dizilerin Ortadoğu ve Balkanlar’da yüksek izlenme oranına sahip olması...” Retrieved from http://www.calinos.com/haberler-detay-page06.html#.Ugy0B9IeBiI
  • Candemir, Y. (2013, April 29). Turkish Soap Operas: The Unstoppable Boom. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://blogs.wsj.com/middleeast/2013/04/29/turkish-soap-op- eras-the-unstoppable-boom/
  • Caves, R. (2000). Creative Innovation: Contact Between Art and Commerce. USA: Harvard Univer- sity Press, Cambridge, MA.
  • Christophers, B. (2010). Envisioning Media Power: On Capital and Geographies of Television. USA: Lexington Books.
  • Farivar, C. (2012). Germany: YouTube must Improve Monitoring of Copyrighted Content. Re- trieved from arstechnica.com/business/2012/04/german-court-youtube-must-prevent-up- load-of copyrighted-content/
  • Garnham, N. (1987). Concepts of Culture: Public Policy and the Cultural Industries. Cultural Stud- ies,1, 23-37.
  • Garnham, N. (2005). From Cultural to Creative Industries: An analysis of the implications of the “creative industries” approach to arts and media policy making in the UK. International Jour- nal of Cultural Policy, 11, 15-30.
  • Georgiou, M. (2011). Watching Soap Opera in the Diaspora: Cultural Proximity or Critical Proximi- ty. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 35(5), 868-887.
  • Gizli silah: Diziler. (2012, December 16). Retrieved from O Haber: http://ohaber.com/gizli-si- lah-diziler-h-222773.html
  • Global Agency. (2013, November 15). Retrieved from http://www.basinbulteni.com/kurum/glob- al-agency/hakkimizda
  • Great Films, Latin American and Turkish Soap Operas, Scripts, Varieties and Formats (2014). Re- trieved from SOMOS: http://www.somosdistribution.net/en/detalle-prensa.php?id=34
  • Harvey, D. (2012). Sermayenin Mekanları (B. Kıcır et al., Trans.). İstanbul: Sel Yayıncılık.
  • Haven, T. (2006). Global Television Marketplace. London: British Film Institute Press.
  • Herman, E. & McChesney, R. (1997). The Global Media: The New Missionaries of Corporate Capi- talism. London: Cassell.
  • İSMMMO. (2008, November 4). İstanbul Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirler Odası’nın 04/10/2008 2008/18 BASIN BÜLTENİ.
  • İSMMMO. (2010, July 11). Dizi Sektörü Yüzde 30 Küçüldü. Retrieved from http://archive.ismmmo. org.tr/docs/basin/2010/bulten/11072010_Diziekonomisi.pdf
  • İSMMMO. (2013, November 9). İstanbul Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirler Odası. Retrieved from http://archive.ismmmo.org.tr
  • İşte en çok kazanan dizi yapımcıları. (2013, November 5). Retrieved from Patronlar Dünyası: http://www.patronlardunyasi.com/yhaber.asp?haberid=146381
  • Lee, S.J. (2011). The Korean Wave: The Seoul of Asia. The Elon Journal of Undergraduate research in Communications, 2(1), 85-93.
  • McChesney, R. W. (2001). Global Media, Neoliberalism, and Imperialism. Monthly Review, 52(10).
  • Muhteşem Yüzyıl. (n.d.). Retrieved July 20, 2013 from Vikipedi: Özgür Ansiklopedi: http://tr.wiki- pedia.org/wiki/Muhteşem_Yüzyıl
  • Murdock, G. (2000). Digital Futures: European Television in the Age of Convergence. In Wieten, J., Murdock, G., Dahlgren (Eds.), Television Across Europe: A Comparative Introduction, (35- 57). Sage Publications.
  • My-mip. (2013, November). Retrieved from http://www.my-mip.com/online-database/mipcom/ companies/ ?kw= buyer&d = 100189 %7C152_ 122243 &rpp=12&so=3#
  • NATPE. (2013, November). Retrieved from https://www.natpe.com/welcome
  • Nye, J. (2002). Hard and soft power in a global information age. In Leonard, M. (Ed.), Re-order- ing the world, (2-10). London, UK: Foreign Policy Center (FPC). Retrieved from http://www. isn.ethz.ch/isn/DigitalLibrary/Publications/Detail/?ots591=0c54e3b3-1e9c-be1e-2c24- a6a8c7060233&lng=en&id=21702
  • Rapis, A. (2012). Turkish Pillars of Soft Power in Southeastern Europe, (Unpublished Master The- sis), University of Macedonia, Greece.
  • Russel, C.A. & Stern, B. (2006). Consumption in Soap Operas from Brazil, New Zealand, and the U.S.: Production, Products and Process. Advances in Consumer Research, 33, 134-136.
  • Sinclair, J. (1999). Geolinguistic Region As Global Space. Retrieved from http://www2.fiu. edu/~ereserve/010018623-1.pdf
  • Straubhaar, J. D. (2002). (Re)asserting National Media and National Identity Against the Global, Regional and Local Levels of World Television. In J. M. Chan & B. T. McIntyre (Eds.), In search of boundaries: Communication, nation-states, and cultural identities. Westport, Conn.: Ablex Publishing.
  • Straubhaar, J. D. (2008). Global, Hybrid or Multiple Cultural Identities in the Age of Satellite TV and the Internet. Nordicom Review, 29(2), 11-29.
  • Straubhaar, J.D. (1991). Beyond Media Imperialism:Assymmetrical Interdependence and Cultural Proximity. Critical studies in Mass Communication, 8, 39-59.
  • Şehirler, yaratıcı sınıfları kendine çeken bir mıknatıs. (2011, June 27). Dünya Gazetesi. Retrieved from http://www.dunya.com/ozel-dosyalar/sehirler-yaratici-siniflari-kendine-ceken-bir-mi- knatis-125858h.htm
  • Thussu, D.K. (2006). Contra-Flow in Global Media:An Asian Perspective. Retrieved from http:// www.amic.org.sg/Resources/Research_Materials/Broadcasting/Contra%20Flow%20in%20 Global%20Media%20An%20Asian%20Perspective.pdf
  • Töre, E. Ö. (2010). İstanbul’da Kültür Ekonomisini Döndüren Çarklardan Biri: Film Endüstrisi Temel Yapısal Özellikler, Fırsat ve Tehditler, Politika Önerileri Sektörel Araştırma Raporu. Retrieved from http://www.istanbulkulturenvanteri.gov.tr/files/yayinlar/ ISTANBULDA _FILM_ ENDUS- TRISI.pdf
  • Türk Dizileri İsveç’te Tartışıldı. (2013, October 26). Dünya Gazetesi. Retrieved from http://www. dunya.com/mobi/turk-dizileri-isvecte-tartisildi-206058h.htm
  • Türkiye’de 16 bin 800 şirket batacak (2013, December 13). Retrieved from Press Türk Gazetesi: http://www.pressturk.com/ekonomi/haber/140006/turkiyede-16-bin-800-sirket-batacak. html
  • Türkiye’den 180 milyon dolarlık dizi ihracatı. Retrieved December 13, 2013 from http://www. ensonhaber.com/turkiyeden-180-milyon-dolarlik-dizi-ihracati-2013-12-08.html
  • Yazıcı, İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi’nde Yapılan Konferansa Katıldı. (2012, November 8). Retrieved from T.C. Gümrük ve Ticaret Bakanlığı: http://www.gtb.gov.tr/haberler/yazici-ı̇stanbul-ticar- et-universitesinde-yapilan-konferansa-katildi
  • Yörük, Z. & Vatikiotis, P. (2013). Soft Power or Illusion of Hegemony: The Case of the Turkish Soap Opera Colonialism. International Journal of Communication, 7, 2361-2385. TABLES
  • Table 1: Tv Series and Total Revenue RANK- TV SERIES ING PRODUCTION PRODUCER COMPANY CHAN- TOTAL NEL Magnificent Century
  • Valley of the Wolves: Ambush Karadayı
  • Tim’s Production Timur Savcı STAR TV
  • Pana Production Raci Şaşmaz ATV ATV 4 North South
  • Desperate House- wives
  • As Time Goes By Ay Production Kerem Çatay
  • KANAL D 24.996.900 5 Med Production Fatih Aksoy FOX TV 18.700.000 D Production
  • Doğan Holding KANAL D 19.735.200
  • Serenity Street Set Film Cem Özay ATV 8 Dila Hanım Gold Film Faruk Turgut STAR TV 16.777.400 20 Minutes Ay Production Kerem Çatay STAR TV 10 Forgive Me Focus Film Nilgün STAR TV Sağyaşar 15.850.000
  • Source: http://www.patronlardunyasi.com/yhaber.asp?haberid=14638
Toplam 63 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

SERPİL Karlıdağ Bu kişi benim

SELDA Bulut Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Aralık 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Sayı: 47

Kaynak Göster

APA Karlıdağ, S., & Bulut, S. (2014). THE TRANSNATIONAL SPREAD OF TURKISH TELEVISION SOAP OPERAS. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi | Istanbul University Faculty of Communication Journal(47), 75-96.
AMA Karlıdağ S, Bulut S. THE TRANSNATIONAL SPREAD OF TURKISH TELEVISION SOAP OPERAS. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi | Istanbul University Faculty of Communication Journal. Aralık 2014;(47):75-96.
Chicago Karlıdağ, SERPİL, ve SELDA Bulut. “THE TRANSNATIONAL SPREAD OF TURKISH TELEVISION SOAP OPERAS”. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi | Istanbul University Faculty of Communication Journal, sy. 47 (Aralık 2014): 75-96.
EndNote Karlıdağ S, Bulut S (01 Aralık 2014) THE TRANSNATIONAL SPREAD OF TURKISH TELEVISION SOAP OPERAS. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi | Istanbul University Faculty of Communication Journal 47 75–96.
IEEE S. Karlıdağ ve S. Bulut, “THE TRANSNATIONAL SPREAD OF TURKISH TELEVISION SOAP OPERAS”, İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi | Istanbul University Faculty of Communication Journal, sy. 47, ss. 75–96, Aralık 2014.
ISNAD Karlıdağ, SERPİL - Bulut, SELDA. “THE TRANSNATIONAL SPREAD OF TURKISH TELEVISION SOAP OPERAS”. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi | Istanbul University Faculty of Communication Journal 47 (Aralık 2014), 75-96.
JAMA Karlıdağ S, Bulut S. THE TRANSNATIONAL SPREAD OF TURKISH TELEVISION SOAP OPERAS. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi | Istanbul University Faculty of Communication Journal. 2014;:75–96.
MLA Karlıdağ, SERPİL ve SELDA Bulut. “THE TRANSNATIONAL SPREAD OF TURKISH TELEVISION SOAP OPERAS”. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi | Istanbul University Faculty of Communication Journal, sy. 47, 2014, ss. 75-96.
Vancouver Karlıdağ S, Bulut S. THE TRANSNATIONAL SPREAD OF TURKISH TELEVISION SOAP OPERAS. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi | Istanbul University Faculty of Communication Journal. 2014(47):75-96.