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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Şarkiyat Mecmuası</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1307-5020</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2717-6916</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>İstanbul Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26650/jos.1218156</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Language Studies</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Dil Çalışmaları</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Saliqa in Classical Arabic During the Jahiliyyah Era</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>İslamiyet Öncesi Dönemde Araplarda Salika</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>سليقة العربي في العصر الجاهلي</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0779-8866</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Jnaidi</surname>
                                    <given-names>Omar Adeeb Shaker</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ÇANAKKALE ONSEKİZ MART ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İLAHİYAT FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20230428">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>28</month>
                    <year>2023</year>
                </pub-date>
                                                    <issue>42</issue>
                                        <fpage>271</fpage>
                                        <lpage>292</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20221212">
                        <day>12</day>
                        <month>12</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20230130">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>30</month>
                        <year>2023</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1956, Şarkiyat Mecmuası</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1956</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Şarkiyat Mecmuası</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Saliqa is an Arabic term that means“inherence” and is used often among learners of the Arabic language, who will say,“He speaks Arabic by saliqa.”The prevailing belief about the concept of saliqa in the classical Arabic language involves proficient usage and natural production of the classical Arabic language where speakers do not understand the characteristics of their speeches. Arabs still spoke Arabic by saliqa during the Jahiliyyah (pre-Islamic) and early Islamic eras. Long ago, the Arabic tongue was pure and had no place for defects or linguistic mistakes; Arabs spoke their language correctly without knowing any of the rules that would be developed later to guide pronunciation. Those rules would be used once Islam spread and Arabs mixed with other nations by those who were not fluent in Arabic in order to correct their tongue, and this led to the spread of errors and distortions in the language.By examining the Arabic concept of saliqa and its use by ancient and modern Arab speakers, some questions emerge that need answers and many clarifications. What is saliqa? Is it a mysterious or magical matter confined to the Arab race, and if not, how does it occur? Can saliqa be gained by learning grammar rules and practicing? What is the evidence for the existence of saliqa? What is the reason for its corruption? Does a saliqi [someone who speaks Arabic by inherence] make mistakes? Does the ancient and modern linguistic conceptualization of saliqa apply to dialects or just to the classical language? In other words, does an Arab’s saliqa occur in regard to classical Arabic or to the local dialect used in one’s daily life with family and the society in which one lives? Was classical Arabic the only language for all Arabs in the time of classical Arabic when the Qur’an was revealed, after which grammarians set rules for it? Or if not and the Arabic language was a group of dialects, then was linguistic saliqa also a group of saliqas?These questions and inquiries arose in my mind while working on this issue. I hope to succeed in answering them in this research.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>“Salika” terimi, Arap dili araştırmacılarının dillerinde çokça dolaşır ve denilir ki: O Arapçayı salikadan konuşur. Klasik Arap dilinde salika kavramı hakkında hâkim olan inanç, klasik Arap dilini kullanma ve onu doğal olarak, konuşmacının konuşmasının özelliklerini hissetmeden üretme yeteneğidir. Araplar, hem İslamiyetten önceki hem de sonraki dönemde Arapçayı kendilerine özgü üslupları ve salikalarıyla konuşmuşlardır. O zamanlar Arap lisanı özdü, ona kusur ve galatlar bulaşmamıştı. Araplar, ileriki dönemde telaffuzu düzgünleştirmek için geliştirilen kuralları bilmeden dilini doğru konuşurdu. O kurallara, İslamiyet yayılıp Araplar diğer milletlere karıştıktan sonra dillerini doğrultmak isteyen fasih olmayanlar sığınırdı. Bu yüzden lisana hata ve galat bulaştı.Arapça salikat kavramının eski ve modern dil âlimleri tarafından kullanımına bakıldığında, birçok cevap ve açıklama gerektiren bazı sorular ortaya çıkar: Salika nedir? Arap ırkına has gizemli ve büyülü bir mesele midir? Eğer öyle değilse nasıl ortaya çıkmıştır? Dilbilgisi kurallarını öğrenerek ve pratik yaparak mı kazanılır? Varlığının kanıtı nedir? Bozulmasının sebebi nedir? Salika sahibi hata yapar mı? Luğavi salika, eski ve modern âlimlere göre lehçelere mi yoksa fasih dile mi uygulanır? Başka bir deyişle Arap’ın salikası, fasih Arapçada mıydı yoksa günlük hayatında, ailesi ve içinde yaşadığı toplumda kullandığı yerel lehçede miydi? Fasih Arapça, Kur’ân’ın indiği ve nahiv âlimlerinin baz aldığı fasih Arapça döneminde Arapların tek salikası mıydı? Öyle değilse ve Arapça o zamanlar bir lehçeler grubu ise luğavî salika da bir salikalar grubu muydu? Söz konusu bu makalede de bu tür sorulara cevap vermeye çalışılmıştır.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>يُتَداوَل مصطلح السليقة على ألسنة الدارسين للغة العربية كثيرا، فيقال: إنه يتكلم اللغة العربية عن سليقة، وقد كان المعتقد السائد عن مفهوم السليقة في اللغة العربية الفصحى أنها إجادة استعمال اللغة العربية الفصحى وإنتاجها بشكل طبيعي ودون شعور من المتكلم بخصائص كلامه. ولم يزل العرب ينطقون العربية على سجيتهم وسليقتهم قبل الإسلام، وفي صدره، وكان اللسان العربي نقيا لا يدخل إليه الخلل ولا يتطرق إليه اللحن والزلل، ينطق العربي لغته صحيحة دون معرفة بالقواعد التي استُحدثت فيما بعد لضبط النطق، وكان يلجأ إليها غير الفصحاء لتقويم ألسنتهم حين انتشر الإسلام واختلط العرب بغيرهم من الأمم، فسرى على الألسنة الخطأ والتحريف.ومن خلال النظر في مفهوم السليقة العربية واستعمالها عند القدماء والمحدثين ظهرت بعض التساؤلات التي تحتاج إلى الكثير من الإجابات والإيضاحات: فما هي السليقة؟ وهل هي أمر غامض أو سحري موقوف على الجنس العربي؟ وإذا لم تكن كذلك: فكيف توجد؟ وهل تكتسب بتعلم قواعد النحو وبالمران وبالدربة؟ وما دليل وجود السليقة؟ وما سبب فسادها؟ وهل يخطئ السليقي؟ وهل السليقة اللغوية بمفهومها عند القدماء والمحدثين تنطبق على اللهجات أم على اللغة الفصحى؟ وبمعنى آخر: هل سليقة العربي كائنة في اللغة الفصحى أم في لهجته المحلية التي يستعملها في حياته اليومية ومع عائلته ومجتمعه الذي يعيش فيه؟  وهل كانت العربية الفصحى هي السليقة الوحيدة لكل العرب في زمن الفصحى التي نزل بها القرآن وقعّد لها النحاة؟ وإذا لم تكن كذلك وكانت اللغة العربية هي مجموعة من اللهجات؛ فهل السليقة اللغوية كانت أيضا مجموعة من السلائق؟ تلك الأسئلة والاستفهامات أثارها في نفسي اشتغالي بهذه المسألة. وآمل في هذا البحث أن أوفق في الإجابة عنها أو عن بعض منها متبعا المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي الذي يقوم باستعراض النصوص وتحليلها سعيا للوصول إلى النتائج.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                                                    <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>السليقة</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  اكتساب اللغة</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  علماء اللغة العربية القدماء</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  اللغة الفصحى</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  اللهجات</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Saliqa</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  language acquisition</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  ancient Arabic linguists</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  classical language</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  dialects</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Salika</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Dilin kazanılması</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Eski Arap Dilbilimcileri</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Fasih Arapça</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Lehçeler</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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