Araştırma Makalesi
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Managing Emerging Destinations: the Case of Azerbaijan

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 1 - 28, 09.07.2021

Öz

This study aims to explore the evolution of governance frameworks in emerging destinations. The literature signals a continuum along which the frameworks move from state-led, formal governance to public-private-partnerships, where more flexible, market-driven systems are in play. In this study, an emerging tourism country, Azerbaijan, is analyzed in terms of its tourism development and institutionalization process. For this purpose, policy documents and six expert interviews were analyzed, followed by a validation process. The results revealed that the country is on the verge of rapid transitions regarding destination governance. Tourism has been prioritized on the political agenda for the past decade, and in the period from the declaration of 2011 as “Year of Tourism” to the COVID-19 pandemic, growth was registered in both supply and demand. Concordantly, institutional transformation has been initiated by launching the national Destination Management Organization (DMO) and three other regional DMOs, with new DMOs underway.

Destekleyen Kurum

The Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation of the Organization of the Islamic Cooperation

Proje Numarası

2018-AZETOURI-545

Teşekkür

This study is part of the “Destination Management Organization: Conceptual Framework for Azerbaijan, Cameroon and Iran” project (2018-AZETOURI-545) funded by The Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation of the Organization of the Islamic Cooperation (COMCEC).

Kaynakça

  • Åberg, K. G. & Svels, K. (2018). Destination development in Ostrobothnia: great expectations of less involvement. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 18(1), 7-23.
  • Altman, G. (2010). Tourism in Azerbaijan-Expedition into an Unknown Environment. Impact Azerbaijan, 8, 10.
  • Arnegger, J. and Mayer, M. (2015). Azerbaijan’s competitiveness as a destination for international tourists. Baku and Greifswald: Azerbaijan Tourism and Management University and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald.
  • Barrett, J. A. (1958). The Seaside Resort Towns of England and Wales. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of London.
  • Beritelli, P., Bieger, T. & Laesser, C. (2014). The new frontiers of destination management applying variable geometry as a function-based approach. Journal of Travel Research, 53(4), 403-417.
  • Bornhorst, T., Brent-Ritchie, J. R., & Sheehan, L. (2010). Determinants of tourism success for DMOs & destinations: An empirical examination of stakeholders’ perspectives. Tourism Management, 31, 572-589.
  • Brouder, P., Clavé, S. A., Gill, A. & Ioannides, D. (Eds.) (2016). Tourism Destination Evolution. Routledge.
  • Buhalis, D. (2000). Marketing the competitive destination of the future. Tourism Management, 21(1), 97-116.
  • Butler, R. (2006). The Tourism Area Life Cycle: Applications and modifications. Channel View.
  • Butler, R. (2011). Tourism Area Life Cycle: Contemporary Tourism Reviews. Goodfellow.
  • COMCEC Coordination Office (2018a). Destination Marketing Strategies in the Islamic Countries. Ankara: COMCEC Coordination Office.
  • COMCEC Coordination Office (2018b). Destination Development and Institutionalization Strategies In the OIC Member Countries. Ankara: COMCEC Coordination Office.
  • Çetin, G. & Demiroglu, O. C. (2017). Future of winter tourism in Turkey: Destination strategies for the Erzurum-Erzincan-Kars Winter Tourism Corridor (WTC). In M. Vieru & M. Falk (Eds.), The 1st Workshop on the Future of Winter Tourism (FWT2017) – Collection of Papers (pp. 36-53). University of Lapland.
  • Çetin, G., Demiroglu, O. C., İstanbullu-Dinçer, F. & Dinçer, M. Z. (2017). Destinasyon stratejileri: geliştirme, yönetim, pazarlama. In M. Tuna (Ed.), 3. Turizm Şûrası tebliğler kitabı (pp. 322-331). Ankara: T. C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı.
  • Christaller, W. (1964). Some considerations of tourism location in Europe: The peripheral regions-under-developed countries-recreation areas. Papers of the Regional Science Association, 12(1): 95-105.
  • Demiroglu, O. C. (2015). Kayak Turizmi Forumu’ndan Kayak Turizmi Politikasına Notlar. Istanbul Policy Center.
  • Doxey, G. (1975). A Causation Theory of Visitor–Resident Irritants: Methodology and Research Inferences. The Impact of Tourism. In the Sixth Annual Conference Proceedings, (pp.195-198). San Diego: The Travel Research Association.
  • Elliott, M (2019). Azerbaijan: The Mark Elliott Guide. Teas Press.
  • Flagestad, A. & Hope, C. A. (2001). Strategic success in winter sports destinations: A sustainable value creation perspective. Tourism Management, 22(5), 445-461.
  • Gilbert, E. W. (1939). The growth of inland and seaside health resorts in England. Scottish Geographical Magazine, 55, 16–35.
  • Halkier, H., Müller, D.K., Goncharova, N.A., Kiriyanova, L., Kolupanova, I.A., Yumatov, K.V. & Yakimova N.S. (2019). Destination development in Western Siberia: tourism governance and evolutionary economic geography. Tourism Geographies, 21(2), 261-283.
  • Heikkilä J., Kääriä, J. & Poladova, A. (2014). Need for Service Design Development for Sustainable Rural Tourism in Azerbaijan. Baltic Journal of European Studies, 4(2), 1-16.
  • Laesser, C. & Beritelli, P. (2013). St. Gallen consensus on destination management. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2(1), 46-49 .
  • Laesser, C. (2019). The future of DMOs - is it in the past? Retrieved from https://www.christianlaesser.net/2019/10/the-future-of-dmos-is-it-in-past.html
  • Ministry of Agriculture (2019). Azerbaycanda “şeherden kende” aqroekoturizm layihesine start verilib. Retrieved from https://www.agro.gov.az/az/news/azerbaycanda-seherden-kende-aqroekoturizm-layihesine-start-verilib 4.11.2020
  • Ministry of Culture and Tourism (2018). Azerbaijani Cuisine. Baku.
  • Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources and the National Academy of Sciences (2013). Red Book. Retrieved from http://redbook.az 4.11.2020
  • Ministry of Economy (2017). Strategic Plan for 2017-2020 of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Baku.
  • Ministry of Economy (2019). State Program on the Social and Economic Development of Regions – 2019-2023. Baku.
  • Müller D. K. (2006). Unplanned Development of Literary Tourism in Two Municipalities in Rural Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 6(3), 214-228.
  • Müller, D. K. & Åkerlund, U. (2013). Developing destinations in the Northern periphery. In Å. Mariussen & S. Virkkala (Eds.), Learning Transnational Learning (pp. 311-325). Routledge.
  • Müller, D. K. (2019). An Evolutionary Economic Geography perspective on tourism development in a remote ski resort: The case of Tärnaby/Hemavan in the Swedish mountains. In R. Koster & D. Carson (Eds.), Perspectives on Rural Tourism Geographies: Case Studies from Developed Nations on the Exotic, the Fringe and the Boring Bits in Between (pp. 137-157). Springer.
  • Murphy, P., Pritchard, M. P. & Smith, B. (2000). The destination product and its impact on traveller perceptions. Tourism Management, 21: 43-52.
  • Pearce, D. G. (2015). Destination management in New Zealand: Structures and functions. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 4(1), 1-12.
  • Pechlaner, H., Thees, H., W. Manske-Wang & A. Scuttari (2019). Local service industry and tourism development through the global trade and infrastructure project of the New Silk Road – the example of Georgia. The Service Industries Journal, doi: 10.1080/02642069.2019.1623204
  • Pike, S. & Page, S. J. (2014). Destination Marketing Organizations and Destination Marketing: A Narrative Analysis of the Literature. Tourism Management, 41, 202–227.
  • Pike, S. (2016). Destination Marketing. Routledge.
  • Plog, S. C. (1974). Why destination areas rise and fall in popularity. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 14(4), 55-58.
  • Reinhold, S., Beritelli, P. & Grünig, R. (2019). A business model typology for destination management organizations. Tourism Review, 74, 1135-1152.
  • Reinhold, S., Laesser, C. & Beritelli, P. (2015). 2014 St. Gallen Consensus on destination management. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 4, 137-142.
  • Reinhold, S., Laesser, C. & Beritelli, P. (2018). The 2016 St. Gallen consensus on advances in destination management. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 8. 426-431.
  • Sainaghi, R., De Carlo, M. & d’Angella, F. (2019). Development of a Tourism Destination: Exploring the Role of Destination Capabilities. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 43(4).
  • Sanz-Ibáñez, C. & Anton Clavé, A. C. (2014). The evolution of destinations: towards an evolutionary and relational economic geography approach. Tourism Geographies, 16(4), 563-579.
  • Seyidov, J. & Adomaitienė, R. (2016). Factors Influencing Local Tourists’ Decision-Making on Choosing a Destination: A Case of Azerbaijan. Ekonomika, 95(3), 112-127.
  • Sharpley, R. & Telfer, D. J. (2015). Tourism and Development: Concepts and Issues. Channel View.
  • Spinks, R. (2019). Fight to Save U.S. Tourism Marketing Dollars Tracks Politicians’ Threats. Retrieved from https://skift.com/2019/08/28/fight-to-save-u-s-tourism-marketing-dollars-tracks-politicians-threats/ 4.11.2020
  • Stansfield, C. A. (1972). The development of modern seaside resorts. Parks and Recreation, 5(10), 14-46.
  • State Housing Development Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2016). Azərbaycan Respublikasında ixtisaslaşmış turizm sənayesinin inkişafına dair Strateji Yol Xəritəsi. Retrieved from https://mida.gov.az/documents/Turizm_s%C9%99nayesinin_inki%C5%9Faf%C4%B1na_dair_strateji_yol_xeritesi.pdf 4.11.2020
  • State Tourism Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2020). Qarabağ regionu üzrə bələdçi hazırlığı üçün vebinarlara start verilir https://sta.gov.az/news/qarabag-regionu-uzre-beledchi-hazirligi-uchun-vebinarlara-start-verilir 4.11.2020
  • Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism (2017). 3. Turizm Şurası – Turizmde Örgütlenme ve Destinasyon Yönetimi Komisyonu Raporu. Retrieved from https://turizmsurasi.ktb.gov.tr/Eklenti/57384,turizmdeorgutlenmedestinasyonyonetimikomisyonraporupdf.pdf?0 4.11.2020
  • UNESCO (2019a). Azerbaijan. Retrieved from https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/az 4.11.2020
  • UNESCO (2019b). Azerbaijan – intangible heritage. Retrieved from https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/azerbaijan-AZ?info=elements-on-the-lists 4.11.2020
  • UNWTO (2007). A Practical Guide to Tourism Destination Management. UNWTO, Madrid.
  • UNWTO (2019). UNWTO Guidelines for Institutional Strengthening of Destination Management Organizations (DMOs): Preparing DMOs for new challenges. Retrieved from https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284420841 4.11.2020
  • Vernon, R. & Wells, L. T. (1966). The product life cycle hypothesis in a new international environment. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 81(2), 190-207.
  • Volgger, M. & Pechlaner, H. (2014). Requirements for destination management organizations in destination governance: Understanding DMO success. Tourism Management, 41, 64-75.
  • WTTC (2019). Azerbaijan. Retrieved from https://www.wttc.org/economic-impact/country-analysis/country-reports/ 4.11.2020
Yıl 2021, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 1 - 28, 09.07.2021

Öz

Proje Numarası

2018-AZETOURI-545

Kaynakça

  • Åberg, K. G. & Svels, K. (2018). Destination development in Ostrobothnia: great expectations of less involvement. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 18(1), 7-23.
  • Altman, G. (2010). Tourism in Azerbaijan-Expedition into an Unknown Environment. Impact Azerbaijan, 8, 10.
  • Arnegger, J. and Mayer, M. (2015). Azerbaijan’s competitiveness as a destination for international tourists. Baku and Greifswald: Azerbaijan Tourism and Management University and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald.
  • Barrett, J. A. (1958). The Seaside Resort Towns of England and Wales. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of London.
  • Beritelli, P., Bieger, T. & Laesser, C. (2014). The new frontiers of destination management applying variable geometry as a function-based approach. Journal of Travel Research, 53(4), 403-417.
  • Bornhorst, T., Brent-Ritchie, J. R., & Sheehan, L. (2010). Determinants of tourism success for DMOs & destinations: An empirical examination of stakeholders’ perspectives. Tourism Management, 31, 572-589.
  • Brouder, P., Clavé, S. A., Gill, A. & Ioannides, D. (Eds.) (2016). Tourism Destination Evolution. Routledge.
  • Buhalis, D. (2000). Marketing the competitive destination of the future. Tourism Management, 21(1), 97-116.
  • Butler, R. (2006). The Tourism Area Life Cycle: Applications and modifications. Channel View.
  • Butler, R. (2011). Tourism Area Life Cycle: Contemporary Tourism Reviews. Goodfellow.
  • COMCEC Coordination Office (2018a). Destination Marketing Strategies in the Islamic Countries. Ankara: COMCEC Coordination Office.
  • COMCEC Coordination Office (2018b). Destination Development and Institutionalization Strategies In the OIC Member Countries. Ankara: COMCEC Coordination Office.
  • Çetin, G. & Demiroglu, O. C. (2017). Future of winter tourism in Turkey: Destination strategies for the Erzurum-Erzincan-Kars Winter Tourism Corridor (WTC). In M. Vieru & M. Falk (Eds.), The 1st Workshop on the Future of Winter Tourism (FWT2017) – Collection of Papers (pp. 36-53). University of Lapland.
  • Çetin, G., Demiroglu, O. C., İstanbullu-Dinçer, F. & Dinçer, M. Z. (2017). Destinasyon stratejileri: geliştirme, yönetim, pazarlama. In M. Tuna (Ed.), 3. Turizm Şûrası tebliğler kitabı (pp. 322-331). Ankara: T. C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı.
  • Christaller, W. (1964). Some considerations of tourism location in Europe: The peripheral regions-under-developed countries-recreation areas. Papers of the Regional Science Association, 12(1): 95-105.
  • Demiroglu, O. C. (2015). Kayak Turizmi Forumu’ndan Kayak Turizmi Politikasına Notlar. Istanbul Policy Center.
  • Doxey, G. (1975). A Causation Theory of Visitor–Resident Irritants: Methodology and Research Inferences. The Impact of Tourism. In the Sixth Annual Conference Proceedings, (pp.195-198). San Diego: The Travel Research Association.
  • Elliott, M (2019). Azerbaijan: The Mark Elliott Guide. Teas Press.
  • Flagestad, A. & Hope, C. A. (2001). Strategic success in winter sports destinations: A sustainable value creation perspective. Tourism Management, 22(5), 445-461.
  • Gilbert, E. W. (1939). The growth of inland and seaside health resorts in England. Scottish Geographical Magazine, 55, 16–35.
  • Halkier, H., Müller, D.K., Goncharova, N.A., Kiriyanova, L., Kolupanova, I.A., Yumatov, K.V. & Yakimova N.S. (2019). Destination development in Western Siberia: tourism governance and evolutionary economic geography. Tourism Geographies, 21(2), 261-283.
  • Heikkilä J., Kääriä, J. & Poladova, A. (2014). Need for Service Design Development for Sustainable Rural Tourism in Azerbaijan. Baltic Journal of European Studies, 4(2), 1-16.
  • Laesser, C. & Beritelli, P. (2013). St. Gallen consensus on destination management. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2(1), 46-49 .
  • Laesser, C. (2019). The future of DMOs - is it in the past? Retrieved from https://www.christianlaesser.net/2019/10/the-future-of-dmos-is-it-in-past.html
  • Ministry of Agriculture (2019). Azerbaycanda “şeherden kende” aqroekoturizm layihesine start verilib. Retrieved from https://www.agro.gov.az/az/news/azerbaycanda-seherden-kende-aqroekoturizm-layihesine-start-verilib 4.11.2020
  • Ministry of Culture and Tourism (2018). Azerbaijani Cuisine. Baku.
  • Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources and the National Academy of Sciences (2013). Red Book. Retrieved from http://redbook.az 4.11.2020
  • Ministry of Economy (2017). Strategic Plan for 2017-2020 of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Baku.
  • Ministry of Economy (2019). State Program on the Social and Economic Development of Regions – 2019-2023. Baku.
  • Müller D. K. (2006). Unplanned Development of Literary Tourism in Two Municipalities in Rural Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 6(3), 214-228.
  • Müller, D. K. & Åkerlund, U. (2013). Developing destinations in the Northern periphery. In Å. Mariussen & S. Virkkala (Eds.), Learning Transnational Learning (pp. 311-325). Routledge.
  • Müller, D. K. (2019). An Evolutionary Economic Geography perspective on tourism development in a remote ski resort: The case of Tärnaby/Hemavan in the Swedish mountains. In R. Koster & D. Carson (Eds.), Perspectives on Rural Tourism Geographies: Case Studies from Developed Nations on the Exotic, the Fringe and the Boring Bits in Between (pp. 137-157). Springer.
  • Murphy, P., Pritchard, M. P. & Smith, B. (2000). The destination product and its impact on traveller perceptions. Tourism Management, 21: 43-52.
  • Pearce, D. G. (2015). Destination management in New Zealand: Structures and functions. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 4(1), 1-12.
  • Pechlaner, H., Thees, H., W. Manske-Wang & A. Scuttari (2019). Local service industry and tourism development through the global trade and infrastructure project of the New Silk Road – the example of Georgia. The Service Industries Journal, doi: 10.1080/02642069.2019.1623204
  • Pike, S. & Page, S. J. (2014). Destination Marketing Organizations and Destination Marketing: A Narrative Analysis of the Literature. Tourism Management, 41, 202–227.
  • Pike, S. (2016). Destination Marketing. Routledge.
  • Plog, S. C. (1974). Why destination areas rise and fall in popularity. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 14(4), 55-58.
  • Reinhold, S., Beritelli, P. & Grünig, R. (2019). A business model typology for destination management organizations. Tourism Review, 74, 1135-1152.
  • Reinhold, S., Laesser, C. & Beritelli, P. (2015). 2014 St. Gallen Consensus on destination management. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 4, 137-142.
  • Reinhold, S., Laesser, C. & Beritelli, P. (2018). The 2016 St. Gallen consensus on advances in destination management. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 8. 426-431.
  • Sainaghi, R., De Carlo, M. & d’Angella, F. (2019). Development of a Tourism Destination: Exploring the Role of Destination Capabilities. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 43(4).
  • Sanz-Ibáñez, C. & Anton Clavé, A. C. (2014). The evolution of destinations: towards an evolutionary and relational economic geography approach. Tourism Geographies, 16(4), 563-579.
  • Seyidov, J. & Adomaitienė, R. (2016). Factors Influencing Local Tourists’ Decision-Making on Choosing a Destination: A Case of Azerbaijan. Ekonomika, 95(3), 112-127.
  • Sharpley, R. & Telfer, D. J. (2015). Tourism and Development: Concepts and Issues. Channel View.
  • Spinks, R. (2019). Fight to Save U.S. Tourism Marketing Dollars Tracks Politicians’ Threats. Retrieved from https://skift.com/2019/08/28/fight-to-save-u-s-tourism-marketing-dollars-tracks-politicians-threats/ 4.11.2020
  • Stansfield, C. A. (1972). The development of modern seaside resorts. Parks and Recreation, 5(10), 14-46.
  • State Housing Development Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2016). Azərbaycan Respublikasında ixtisaslaşmış turizm sənayesinin inkişafına dair Strateji Yol Xəritəsi. Retrieved from https://mida.gov.az/documents/Turizm_s%C9%99nayesinin_inki%C5%9Faf%C4%B1na_dair_strateji_yol_xeritesi.pdf 4.11.2020
  • State Tourism Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2020). Qarabağ regionu üzrə bələdçi hazırlığı üçün vebinarlara start verilir https://sta.gov.az/news/qarabag-regionu-uzre-beledchi-hazirligi-uchun-vebinarlara-start-verilir 4.11.2020
  • Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism (2017). 3. Turizm Şurası – Turizmde Örgütlenme ve Destinasyon Yönetimi Komisyonu Raporu. Retrieved from https://turizmsurasi.ktb.gov.tr/Eklenti/57384,turizmdeorgutlenmedestinasyonyonetimikomisyonraporupdf.pdf?0 4.11.2020
  • UNESCO (2019a). Azerbaijan. Retrieved from https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/az 4.11.2020
  • UNESCO (2019b). Azerbaijan – intangible heritage. Retrieved from https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/azerbaijan-AZ?info=elements-on-the-lists 4.11.2020
  • UNWTO (2007). A Practical Guide to Tourism Destination Management. UNWTO, Madrid.
  • UNWTO (2019). UNWTO Guidelines for Institutional Strengthening of Destination Management Organizations (DMOs): Preparing DMOs for new challenges. Retrieved from https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284420841 4.11.2020
  • Vernon, R. & Wells, L. T. (1966). The product life cycle hypothesis in a new international environment. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 81(2), 190-207.
  • Volgger, M. & Pechlaner, H. (2014). Requirements for destination management organizations in destination governance: Understanding DMO success. Tourism Management, 41, 64-75.
  • WTTC (2019). Azerbaijan. Retrieved from https://www.wttc.org/economic-impact/country-analysis/country-reports/ 4.11.2020
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Osman Demiroğlu 0000-0001-7012-4111

Dieter Müller Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-2822-5503

Proje Numarası 2018-AZETOURI-545
Yayımlanma Tarihi 9 Temmuz 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Kasım 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Demiroğlu, O., & Müller, D. (2021). Managing Emerging Destinations: the Case of Azerbaijan. Journal of Tourismology, 7(1), 1-28.
AMA Demiroğlu O, Müller D. Managing Emerging Destinations: the Case of Azerbaijan. Journal of Tourismology. Temmuz 2021;7(1):1-28.
Chicago Demiroğlu, Osman, ve Dieter Müller. “Managing Emerging Destinations: The Case of Azerbaijan”. Journal of Tourismology 7, sy. 1 (Temmuz 2021): 1-28.
EndNote Demiroğlu O, Müller D (01 Temmuz 2021) Managing Emerging Destinations: the Case of Azerbaijan. Journal of Tourismology 7 1 1–28.
IEEE O. Demiroğlu ve D. Müller, “Managing Emerging Destinations: the Case of Azerbaijan”, Journal of Tourismology, c. 7, sy. 1, ss. 1–28, 2021.
ISNAD Demiroğlu, Osman - Müller, Dieter. “Managing Emerging Destinations: The Case of Azerbaijan”. Journal of Tourismology 7/1 (Temmuz 2021), 1-28.
JAMA Demiroğlu O, Müller D. Managing Emerging Destinations: the Case of Azerbaijan. Journal of Tourismology. 2021;7:1–28.
MLA Demiroğlu, Osman ve Dieter Müller. “Managing Emerging Destinations: The Case of Azerbaijan”. Journal of Tourismology, c. 7, sy. 1, 2021, ss. 1-28.
Vancouver Demiroğlu O, Müller D. Managing Emerging Destinations: the Case of Azerbaijan. Journal of Tourismology. 2021;7(1):1-28.