Investigation of Acoustic and Mechanical Strength Performance of the Noise Shield Part of Heavy-Duty Vehicles

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 300 - 311, 25.06.2024

İbrahim Aydın , Sena Arslan , Merve Çalışkan Akduman , Dilara Çay , Öznur İskender

https://doi.org/10.28979/jarnas.1392427

Öz

The motor compartment is the primary source of noise production in heavy-duty vehicles such as trucks and trailers due to the heat and sound generated. A noise shield is positioned in close proximity as insulation material to isolate these effects. This study specifically focuses on the use of insulation materials as a noise shield in heavy-duty vehicles. The lower layer addressing the structure producing heat and sound includes rock wool. The upper layer, responsible for enhancing strength and acoustic performance, consists of various materials, such as PP/GF, GF/EP, GF/PET, Carbon/EP, phenolic felt, and PE film as an adhesive material. These materials have been carefully selected to ensure optimal performance and meet the highest quality standards. Composite sandwich structures were created using these materials in a flat mold at a temperature of 190°C and a pressure of 110 bars. The acoustic performance of these structures was compared by measuring their sound absorption coefficients in an impedance tube. Upon examining the results of the acoustic performance tests, it was determined that Composition 1, including PP/GF, PE film, and rock wool between the two outer layers, had the sound absorption coefficient (α) closest to 1. To investigate the impact of thickness on both acoustic performance and strength, acoustic performance, and 3-point bending tests were conducted on samples produced with the best-performing material composition 1 at thicknesses of 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm. The data obtained showed that as the thickness increased, so did the sound absorption capacity and bending strength.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acoustic, composite, insulation material, mechanical strength, noise shield

Ağır Hizmet Araçlarının Gürültü Kalkanı Parçasının Akustik ve Mekanik Dayanım Performansının İncelenmesi

Öz

Kamyon, tır gibi ağır hizmet araçlarında en çok gürültü üreten yapı olan motor odasında oluşan ısı ve sesin izole edilmesi için bu yapının yakına yalıtım malzemesi olarak gürültü kalkanı konumlandırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ağır hizmet araçlarında gürültü kalkanı olarak kullanılmak üzere, ses ve ısı üreten yapıya bakacak yönde konumlandırılan alt katmanda taş yünü, gürültü kalkanı parçasının mukavemet ve akustik performansını arttırmakla görevli üst katmanda PP/GF, GF/EP, GF/PET, Karbon/EP, fenolik keçe ve yapıştırıcı malzeme olarak PE film kullanılarak düz kalıpta, 190 °C sıcaklıkta ve 110 bar basınç altında kompozit sandviç yapılar oluşturulmuş ve bu yapıların empedans tüpünde ses yutum katsayıları ölçülerek akustik performansları birbiriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Akustik performans test sonuçları incelendiğinde, ses yutum katsayısı (α) 1 değerine en yakın olan kompozit sandviç yapının dıştan içe doğru iki kaplama telası arasında PP/GF, PE film, taş yünü içeren malzeme kompozisyonu 1 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kalınlığın akustik performansa ve mukavemete etkisini incelemek üzere, en iyi akustik performansı gösteren malzeme kompozisyonu 1 ile 10 mm, 20 mm ve 30 mm kalınlıklarında üretilen numunelere akustik performans ve 3 nokta eğilme testleri uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerden kalınlık arttıkça ses yutum kapasitesinin ve eğilme dayanımının arttığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Akustik, gürültü kalkanı, kompozit, mekanik dayanım, yalıtım malzemesi

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