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Revolutionary Road as Representation of Masculinity in Crisis

Year 2025, Issue: 64, 53 - 66, 30.12.2025

Abstract

As covered in masculinity studies, American men have been in a crisis about the gender roles since the 18th century due to fast changing models of masculinity. The crisis is felt acutely in the Cold War era in particular because of the contrasting models of masculinity that require conformism and nonconformism at the same time. Frank Wheeler, the protagonist of Richard Yates’ Revolutionary Road, is, too, caught in the dilemma of social conformity and individual authenticity. His masculinity is crippled at a young age by his father and his sense of originality or nonconformism is undermined by an insensitive school friend. These two sources of inferiority later turn him into a man who has to deal with his fragile masculinity by rationalizations, justifications and pretensions. These means of dealing with his crisis cast shadow on his efforts of nonconformity.

Ethical Statement

The writer of this article abides by the international ethical principles of scientific and academic research.

References

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  • Yates, Richard. Revolutionary Road. Vintage Books, 2008.

Year 2025, Issue: 64, 53 - 66, 30.12.2025

Abstract

References

  • Anderson, Sherwood. Winesburg, Ohio. Dover Beach Publications, 1995.
  • Armengol, Josep M. “Gendering Men: Re-Visions of Violence as a Test of Manhood in American Literature.” Atlantis, vol. 29, no. 2, 2007, pp. 75-92.
  • Castronovo, David, and Steven Goldleaf. Richard Yates. Twayne Publishers, 1996.
  • Chiang, Howard H. “Sexuality and Gender in Cold War America: Social Experiences, Cultural Authorities, and the Roots of Political Change.” Cold War and McCarthy Era: People and Perspectives, edited by Caroline S. Emmons, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2010, pp. 111-28.
  • Connell, R. W. Masculinities. 2nd ed., U of California P, 2005.
  • Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. Penguin Books, 1984.
  • Ginsberg, Allen. “Allen Ginsberg Independence Day Manifesto.” Modern American Poetry, www. mapslegacy.org/poets/g_l/ginsberg/manifesto.htm.
  • Hacker, Helen Mayer. “The New Burdens of Masculinity.” Marriage and Family Living, vol. 19, no. 3, 1957, pp. 227-33.
  • Haraway, Donna J. Simians, Cyborgs and Women: The Reinvention of Nature. Routledge, 1991.
  • Henry, Dewitt, and Geoffrey Clark. “From the Archive: An Interview with Richard Yates.” Ploughshares, vol. 37, nos. 2-3, Fall 2001, pp. 207-24.
  • Hobbs, Alex. “Masculinity Studies and Literature.” Literature Compass, vol. 10, no. 4, 2013, pp. 383-95. Jurca, Catherine. “The Sanctimonious Suburbanite: Sloan Wilson’s The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit.” American Literary History, vol. 11, no. 1, 1999, pp. 82-106.
  • Kimmel, Michael. Manhood in America: A Cultural History. 2nd ed., Oxford UP, 2006.
  • May, Elaine Tyler. Homeward Bound: Families in the Cold War Era. Basic Books, 2008.
  • Moreno, Michael P. “Consuming the Frontier Illusion: The Construction of Suburban Masculinity in Richard Yates’s Revolutionary Road.” Iowa Journal of Cultural Studies, vol. 3, Fall 2003, pp. 84-95.
  • Nye, Robert A. “Locating Masculinity: Some Recent Work on Men.” Signs, vol. 30, no. 3, 2005, pp. 1937- 62.
  • Pinar, F. William. The Gender of Racial Politics and Violence in America: Lynching, Prison Rape and The Crisis of Masculinity. Peter Lang, 2001.
  • Pleck, H. Joseph. The Myth of Masculinity. MIT Press, 1981.
  • Reeser, W. Todd. “Concepts of Masculinity and Masculinity Studies.” Configuring Masculinity in Theory and Literary Practice, edited by Stefan Horlacher, Brill, 2015, pp. 11-38.
  • Schlesinger, Arthur M. Nothing Stands Still: Essays by Arthur M. Schlesinger. Belknap Press of Harvard UP, 1972.
  • Tillich, Paul. The Courage to Be. Nisbet and Co., 1955.
  • Traister, Bryce. “Academic Viagra: The Rise of American Masculinity Studies.” American Quarterly, vol. 52, no. 2, 2000, pp. 274-304.
  • Walker, Esther. “America’s Great Secret: Why Did Richard Yates Never Make the Literary Big Time?” The Independent, www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/america-s-great-secret-why- did-richard-yates-never-make-the-literary-big-time-1231763.html.
  • Yates, Richard. Revolutionary Road. Vintage Books, 2008.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects North American Language, Literature and Culture
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Şenol Bezci 0000-0002-4961-1449

Submission Date March 17, 2025
Acceptance Date December 6, 2025
Publication Date December 30, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 64

Cite

MLA Bezci, Şenol. “Revolutionary Road As Representation of Masculinity in Crisis”. Journal of American Studies of Turkey, no. 64, 2025, pp. 53-66.

JAST - Journal of American Studies of Turkey