Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

A Reflection on the 1637 Mystic Fort Massacre in Connecticut

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 54, 27 - 40, 01.11.2020

Öz

The bloody surprise attack by Puritans on Mystic Fort in 1637
resulted in the wanton slaughter of hundreds of Pequot. The Puritans
hailed the decimation as an act of God that saved the English colony
from the depredations of savage heathens. In 1889 a heroic statue to
John Mason, the Puritan commander, was erected in the Connecticut
town of Mystic. A century later, Indian activists and their allies succeeded in removing the offensive monument. This essay makes two
points. First, the Puritan slaughter in the brutal tradition of European
religious wars was an archetype of racial hegemony and ethnic cleansing that began in the colony of Connecticut and unfolded across the
continent. Second, the removal of the Mason statue in 1995 marked a
remarkable shift in historical commemoration, one that had celebrated
extensive killing, particularly of Pequot women and children.

Kaynakça

  • Bradford, William. Of Plymouth Plantation. Editor. Samuel Eliot Morison. Knopf, 1952.
  • Calloway, Colin G. New Worlds for All: Indians, European, and the Remaking of Early America. John Hopkins University Press, 1997.
  • Cave, Alfred A. “Who Killed John Stone? A Note on the Origins of the Pequot War.” The William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd Ser. vol. 49, no. 3, July 1992, pp. 509–521.
  • Cronon, William. Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England. Hill and Wang, 1983.
  • Drinnon, Richard. Facing West: The Metaphysics of Indian-Hating and Empire Building. Schocken, 1990.
  • Goode, Steven. “Windsor Plans to Move Statue of John Mason, Leader of Pequot Massacre,” Hartford Courant, July 9, 2020, [no page] at https://www.courant.com/community/windsor/hc-news-john-mason-statue-removal-20200709-jwvl23jl4fgerkwetky7lr3fie-story.html. Accessed 1 Nov. 2020. Hermes, Katherine. “Justice Will Be Done Us.” Editors. Christopher L. Tomlins and Bruce H. Mann. The Many Legalities of Early America. University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
  • Jennings, Francis. The Invasion of America: Indians, Colonialism, and the Cant of Conquest. University of North Carolina Press, 1975.
  • Kiernan, Ben. Blood and Soil: A World History of Genocide and Extermination. Yale University Press, 2007. Kupperman, Karen. Indians and English Facing Off in Early America. Cornell University Press, 2000.
  • Libby, Sam. “A Statute Finds a New Home in Windsor.” New York Times. July 7, 1996, 13.
  • Liman, Andrew C. “Murder on the Saltwater Frontier: The Death of John Oldham.” Early American Studies. vol. 9, no. 2, Spring 2011, pp. 268-294.
  • MacPherson, C.B. The Political Theory of Possessive Individualism: Hobbes to Locke. Clarendon, 1962.
  • Mason, John. A Brief History of the Pequot War: Especially of the Memorable taking of their Fort at Mistick in Connecticut in 1637. S. Kneeland & T. Green, 1736.
  • Melville, Herman. Moby-Dick or the Whale. G. Thomas Tanselle, ed. Library of America, 1983.
  • Pulsipher, Jenny Hale. King: Indians, English, and the Contest for Authority in Colonial New England. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005.
  • Richter, Daniel. Facing East from Indian Country: A Native History of Early America. Harvard University Press, 2003.
  • Roark, James L. et al. The American Promise: A Compact History, 3rd ed. Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007.
  • Salisbury, Neal. Manitou and Providence: Indians, Europeans, and the Making of New England, 1500-1643. Oxford University Press, 1982.
  • Slotkin, Richard. Regeneration through Violence: The Mythology of the American Frontier. Wesleyan University Press, 1975.
  • “The Figure of the Indian’s Fort or Palizado,” from Nevves from America; or, A new and experimentall discoverie of New England, London: 1638, by John Underhill at https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Houghton_STC_24518. Accessed 1 Nov. 2020.
  • Underhill, John. Nevves from America. Peter Cole, 1638.
  • Weir, David A. New England: A Covenanted Society. William B. Eerdmans, 2005.
  • Winthrop, John. “A Modell of Christian Charity.” Editor. David Dutkanicz. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God and Other Puritan Sermons. Mineola, Dover, 2005.
  • Young, Alexander. Chronicles of the Pilgrim Fathers. E.P. Dutton, 1910.
Yıl 2020, Sayı: 54, 27 - 40, 01.11.2020

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Bradford, William. Of Plymouth Plantation. Editor. Samuel Eliot Morison. Knopf, 1952.
  • Calloway, Colin G. New Worlds for All: Indians, European, and the Remaking of Early America. John Hopkins University Press, 1997.
  • Cave, Alfred A. “Who Killed John Stone? A Note on the Origins of the Pequot War.” The William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd Ser. vol. 49, no. 3, July 1992, pp. 509–521.
  • Cronon, William. Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England. Hill and Wang, 1983.
  • Drinnon, Richard. Facing West: The Metaphysics of Indian-Hating and Empire Building. Schocken, 1990.
  • Goode, Steven. “Windsor Plans to Move Statue of John Mason, Leader of Pequot Massacre,” Hartford Courant, July 9, 2020, [no page] at https://www.courant.com/community/windsor/hc-news-john-mason-statue-removal-20200709-jwvl23jl4fgerkwetky7lr3fie-story.html. Accessed 1 Nov. 2020. Hermes, Katherine. “Justice Will Be Done Us.” Editors. Christopher L. Tomlins and Bruce H. Mann. The Many Legalities of Early America. University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
  • Jennings, Francis. The Invasion of America: Indians, Colonialism, and the Cant of Conquest. University of North Carolina Press, 1975.
  • Kiernan, Ben. Blood and Soil: A World History of Genocide and Extermination. Yale University Press, 2007. Kupperman, Karen. Indians and English Facing Off in Early America. Cornell University Press, 2000.
  • Libby, Sam. “A Statute Finds a New Home in Windsor.” New York Times. July 7, 1996, 13.
  • Liman, Andrew C. “Murder on the Saltwater Frontier: The Death of John Oldham.” Early American Studies. vol. 9, no. 2, Spring 2011, pp. 268-294.
  • MacPherson, C.B. The Political Theory of Possessive Individualism: Hobbes to Locke. Clarendon, 1962.
  • Mason, John. A Brief History of the Pequot War: Especially of the Memorable taking of their Fort at Mistick in Connecticut in 1637. S. Kneeland & T. Green, 1736.
  • Melville, Herman. Moby-Dick or the Whale. G. Thomas Tanselle, ed. Library of America, 1983.
  • Pulsipher, Jenny Hale. King: Indians, English, and the Contest for Authority in Colonial New England. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005.
  • Richter, Daniel. Facing East from Indian Country: A Native History of Early America. Harvard University Press, 2003.
  • Roark, James L. et al. The American Promise: A Compact History, 3rd ed. Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007.
  • Salisbury, Neal. Manitou and Providence: Indians, Europeans, and the Making of New England, 1500-1643. Oxford University Press, 1982.
  • Slotkin, Richard. Regeneration through Violence: The Mythology of the American Frontier. Wesleyan University Press, 1975.
  • “The Figure of the Indian’s Fort or Palizado,” from Nevves from America; or, A new and experimentall discoverie of New England, London: 1638, by John Underhill at https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Houghton_STC_24518. Accessed 1 Nov. 2020.
  • Underhill, John. Nevves from America. Peter Cole, 1638.
  • Weir, David A. New England: A Covenanted Society. William B. Eerdmans, 2005.
  • Winthrop, John. “A Modell of Christian Charity.” Editor. David Dutkanicz. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God and Other Puritan Sermons. Mineola, Dover, 2005.
  • Young, Alexander. Chronicles of the Pilgrim Fathers. E.P. Dutton, 1910.
Toplam 23 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Kuzey Amerika Dilleri, Edebiyatları ve Kültürleri, Edebi Çalışmalar, Kültürel çalışmalar
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Lawrence B. Goodheart Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Kasım 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Sayı: 54

Kaynak Göster

MLA Goodheart, Lawrence B. “A Reflection on the 1637 Mystic Fort Massacre in Connecticut”. Journal of American Studies of Turkey, sy. 54, 2020, ss. 27-40.

JAST - Journal of American Studies of Turkey