Presenteeism Among Ab-initio Pilots in Turkey

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 180 - 186, 24.07.2022

Bilal Kılıc , Melis Tabak

https://doi.org/10.30518/jav.1086578

Öz

In this study, we set out to estimate the prevalence of presenteeism and to define its possible association with organizational factors, committing errors and stress among ab-initio pilots. Presenteeism is a major safety-related issue and has been extensively studied in a variety of occupation groups. As a cross-sectional study, a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from ab-initio pilots. The participants assessed themselves on the Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6). Correlation analysis was performed to explore the association between organizational factors and presenteeism. Based on the findings, the prevalence of presenteeism was 29.1 percent among the ab-initio pilots (N=175). Furthermore, there was a strong association between training-related stress (p< 0.01) and presenteeism. The student pilots with presenteeism were found to make mistakes during flight. Better and effective supervision for ab-initio pilots was associated with lower levels of presenteeism, highlighting the need for a supportive and comfortable atmosphere in the flight deck in which ab-initio pilots may feel comfortable. The findings presented here may facilitate improvements in the field of aviation safety.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Presenteeism, Stress, Aviation, Pilot Training, Ab-initio Pilot

Kaynakça

• Akin, A., Sarıçam, H., Akin, Ü., & Demirci, I. (2013). The Adaptation of Presenteeism Scale for Students to Turkish: The Study of Validity and Reliability. 171.
• Aronsson, G., Gustafsson, K., & Dallner, M. (2000). Sick but yet at work. An empirical study of sickness presenteeism. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 54(7).
• Arslaner, E., & Boylu, Y. (2015). Presenteeism In Work Life : An Evaluation In Hotel Industry. Journal of Business Research Turk, 7(4), 123–136.
• Brown, H. E., Burton, N., Gilson, N. D., & Brown, W. (2014). Measuring presenteeism: Which questionnaire to use in physical activity research? Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 11(2).
• Cullen, J., & McLaughlin, A. (2006). What drives the persistence of presenteeism as a managerial value in hotels?: Observations noted during an Irish work-life balance research project. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 25(3).
• Dalkılıç, E., & Harmancı Seren, A. K. (2018). Presenteeism: Reasons and Results. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi, 5, 123–131.
• Fapohunda, T. (2016). Antecedents and Corollaries of Workplace Presenteeism: Empirical Evidence from Manufacturing Sector Employees. 34–42. www.jhrm.eu
• Gosselin, E., Lemyre, L., & Corneil, W. (2013). Presenteeism and absenteeism: Differentiated understanding of related phenomena. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(1).
• Gül, K., & Gül, M. (2016). A Dual-Dialectical Approach to Presenteeism and Absenteeism Among Kitchen Employees. Tourism Academic Journal, 3(2), 15–23.
• Havle, C. A., & Kılıç, B. (2019). A hybrid approach based on the fuzzy AHP and HFACS framework for identifying and analyzing gross navigation errors during transatlantic flights. Journal of Air Transport Management, 76.
• Johansson, F., & Melin, M. (2018a). Fit for Flight? Inappropriate Presenteeism Among Swedish Commercial Airline Pilots and Its Threats to Flight Safety. International Journal of Aerospace Psychology, 28(3–4).
• Johansson, F., & Melin, M. (2018b). Fit for Flight? Inappropriate Presenteeism Among Swedish Commercial Airline Pilots and Its Threats to Flight Safety. International Journal of Aerospace Psychology, 28(3–4), 84–97.
• Jung, S. W., Lee, J. H., & Lee, K. J. (2020). Assessing the Association Between Emotional Labor and Presenteeism Among Nurses in Korea: Cross-sectional Study Using the 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey. Safety and Health at Work, 11(1).
• Karimi, L., Cheng, C., Bartram, T., Leggat, S. G., & Sarkeshik, S. (2015). The effects of emotional intelligence and stress-related presenteeism on nurses’ well-being. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 53(3).
• Kilic, B. (2019). HFACS Analysis for Investigating Human Errors in Flight Training Accidents. Journal of Aviation, 3(1), 28–37.
• Kilic, B. (2020a). Aircraft Accident Investigation: Learning from Human and Organizational Factors (1st ed.). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
• Kilic, B. (2020b). The Analysis of Hot-Air Balloon Accidents by Human Factor Analysis and Classification System. Journal of Aeronautics and Space Technologies, 13(1), 17–24.
• Kilic, B. (2021a). Fatigue Among Student Pilots. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 92(1).
• Kilic, B. (2021b). Self-Medication Among Ab Initio Pilots. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 92(13), 1–6.
• Kilic, B. (2021c). Gender Discrimination in the Flight Deck: An Analysis on the Experiences of Ab-initio Pilots. Journal of Aviation, 5(1), 45–52.
• Kilic, B. (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental States of Airline Pilots in Turkey. Journal of Aviation, 6(1), 50–54.
• Kilic, B., & Gumus, E. (2020). Application of HFACS to the Nighttime Aviation Accidents and Incidents. Journal of Aviation, 4(2), 10–16.
• Kilic, B., & Gündogdu, S. (2020). Human Factors in Air Cargo Operations: An Analysis Using HFACS. Aviation Research, 2(2).
• Kilic, B., & Soran, S. (2019). How Can an Ab-Initio Pilot Avert a Future Disaster : A Pedagogical Approach to Reduce The Likelihood of Future Failure. Journal of Aviation, 3(1), 1–14.
• Kilic, B., & Soran, S. (2020). Awareness Level of Airline Pilots on Flight-Associated Venous Thromboembolism. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 91(4).
• Kilic, B., & Tabak, M. (2022). The mental health of ab-initio pilots during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 3(1), 20–27.
• Kilic, B., & Ucler, C. (2019). Stress among ab-initio pilots: A model of contributing factors by AHP. Journal of Air Transport Management, 80.
• Koopman, C., Pelletier, K. R., Murray, J. F., Sharda, C. E., Berger, M. L., Turpin, R. S., Hackleman, P., Gibson, P., Holmes, D. M., & Bendel, T. (2002). Stanford Presenteeism Scale: Health status and employee productivity. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 44(1), 14–20.
• Lack, D. M. (2011). Presenteeism revisited a comprehensive review. AAOHN Journal, 59(2).
• Leineweber, C., Westerlund, H., Hagberg, J., Svedberg, P., Luokkala, M., & Alexanderson, K. (2011). Sickness presenteeism among Swedish police officers. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 21(1), 17–22.
• Lohaus, D., & Habermann, W. (2019). Presenteeism: A review and research directions. Human Resource Management Review, 29(1).
• Lui, J. N. M., Andres, E. B., & Johnston, J. M. (2018). Presenteeism exposures and outcomes amongst hospital doctors and nurses: A systematic review. In BMC Health Services Research (Vol. 18, Issue 1).
• Matsushita, M., Adachi, H., Arakida, M., Namura, I., Takahashi, Y., Miyata, M., Kumano-go, T., Yamamura, S., Shigedo, Y., Suganuma, N., Mikami, A., Moriyama, T., & Sugita, Y. (2011). Presenteeism in college students: Reliability and validity of the presenteeism scale for students. Quality of Life Research, 20(3).
• Mikami, A., Matsushita, M., Adachi, H., Suganuma, N., Koyama, A., Ichimi, N., Ushijima, H., Ikeda, M., Takeda, M., Moriyama, T., & Sugita, Y. (2013). Sense of coherence, health problems, and presenteeism in Japanese university students. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 6(5).
• Orford, R. R., & Silberman, W. S. (2008). Fundamentals of Aerospace Medicine (4th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Pérez-Nebra, A. R., Queiroga, F., & Oliveira, T. A. (2020). Presenteeism of class teachers: Well-being as a critical psychological state in the mediation of job characteristics. Revista de Administracao Mackenzie, 21(1).
• Saipanish, R. (2003). Stress among medical students in a Thai medical school. Medical Teacher, 25(5).
• Salas-Nicás, S., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., & Navarro, A. (2021). Working conditions and health in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic: Minding the gap. Safety Science, 134.
• Ulu, S., Özdeveioğlu, M., & Ardıç, K. (2016). The effects of personality characteristics on presenteeism: A study of manufacturing industry. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 47, 167–181.
• Üzüm, B., & Şenol, L. (2019). Effect of A-B Personality Types on Presenteeism: A Research in Aviation Industry. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11, 979–1000.
• Yılmaz, G., & Günay, G. Y. (2020). The Effect of Presenteeism and Job Stress on Employee Performance: A Case Study. Social Sciences Research Journal, 9(1), 91–106. http://dergipark.gov.tr/ssrjhttp://socialsciencesresearchjournal.com
• Καυγάς, A. (2015). Presenteeism in Aviation & Flight Safety. University of Piraeus.