ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT METHODS FOR WING FRACTURES IN BIRDS

Year 2026, Volume: 1, 15 - 23, 29.12.2025

Can Nacar , Birsen Deniz Ersoy , Hatice Özlem Nisbet

Abstract

Fractures and various orthopaedic problems are relatively common in birds, as they are in other animal species. While indoor accidents and trauma are the main causes of fractures in domestic songbirds, external trauma such as gunshot wounds, traffic accidents, and predator attacks are more prevalent in wild birds. In our country, as in many other countries, wild birds are protected by legal regulations. Turkiye is home to a large number of bird species due to its geographical location, rich natural resources, different habitat types, and migratory routes. With the latest updates, the number of bird species identified in Turkey is known to be close to 500. Although the bone structure of birds' extremities shares similarities with mammals, significant anatomical and physiological differences have evolved as a result of adaptations for flight. Pneumatic long bones, which have thin cortices and wide medullary cavities, and are more sensitive to impact; therefore, comminuted fractures are more common in birds. Callus formation typically begins within 7–10 days. Endosteal callus is more decisive in the healing of pneumatic bones. While the prognosis is generally good in simple fractures, it is negatively affected in infected, comminuted, or delayed fractures. Birds experience intense stress from being handled, injured, and undergoing treatment. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the anatomical and physiological structures specific to birds is critical for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.

Keywords

Birds , Bone , Wing fracture , Trauma

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