Role of CAPE on Protein Profile and Oxidative Stress Panel in Healthy Liver Tissue

Abstract

Role of CAPE on Protein Profile and Oxidative Stress Panel in Healthy Liver Tissue

Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), one of the active ingredients of propolis, on protein expression differences and some antioxidant parameters in rat liver. Methods: 3 groups were formed as control (ip SF), CAPE 10 (ip 10 μmol/kg CAPE) and CAPE 50 (ip 10 μmol/kg CAPE for 5 days). Protein expression differences were analyzed by SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis, GSH-Px, SOD enzyme activities and MDA levels were measured by ELISA. Results: The amount of protein with a molecular weight (MW) of 53 kDa in CAPE 10 was found to be higher than control group (p<0.05). The amount of protein with a MW of 35 kDa in CAPE 10 group was found to be higher than control (p<0.001). The amount of protein with a MW of 14 kDa in CAPE 50 group was found to be higher than control (p<0.05). MDA levels were statistically higher in CAPE groups compared to control group (p<0.001). GSH-Px and SOD activities in CAPE groups was found to be higher than control group, and the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: CAPE didn’t show the expected antioxidant effect on liver tissues, a prooxidant effect was observed.

Keywords

• propolis
• caffeic acid phenethyl ester
• liver
• prooxidant
• antioxidant
• oxidative stress

References

1. Kocot J, Kielczykowska M, Luchowska-Kocot D, Kurzepa J, Musik I. Antioxidant potential of propolis, bee pollen, and royal jelly: Possible medical application. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018; 2018: 7074209.
2. Zulhendri F, Felitti R, Fearnley J, Ravalia M. The use of propolis in dentistry, oral health, and medicine: A review. J Oral Biosci 2021; 63(1): 23-24.
3. Wieczorek PP, Hudz N, Yezerska O, Sedlackova VH, Shanaida M, Korytniuk O, Misiak IJ. Chemical variability and pharmacological potential of propolis as a source for the development of new pharmaceutical products. Molecules 2022; 27(5): 1600.
4. Forma E, Brys M. Anticancer Activity of propolis and its compounds. Nutrients 2021; 13(8): 2594.
5. Karabulut H, Gülay M. Free radicals, MAKÜ Sag. Bil. Enst. Derg. 2016; 4(1): 50-59.
6. He L, He T, Farrar S, Ji L, Liu T, Ma X. Antioxidants maintain cellular redox homeostasis by elimination of reactive oxygen species. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 44(2): 532-553.
7. Chavan S, Sava L, Saxena V, Pillai S, Sontakke A, Ingole D. Reduced glutathione: importance of specimen collection, Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry 2005; 20(1): 150-2.
8. Oztürk IÇ, Oztürk F, Gul M, Ates B, Cetin A. Protective effects of ascorbic acid on hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress caused by carbon tetrachloride in the liver of Wistar rats. Cell Biochemistry And Function 2009; 27: 309-15.

9. Pei J, Pan X, Wei G, Hua Y. Research progress of glutathione peroxidase family (GPX) in redoxidation. Front Pharmacol. 2023; 14: 1147414.
10. Bhadauria M, Nirala SK. Reversal of acetaminophen induced subchronic hepatorenal injury by propolis extract in rats. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 2009; 27:17–25.
11. Saral Ö, Kolaylı S. Arı ürünlerinin karaciğer hasarını önlemedeki rolü nedir? Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi 2012; 12(4): 147-52.
12. Madrigal-Santillán E, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Álvarez-González I, Sumaya-Martínez MT, Gutiérrez-Salinas J, Bautista M, Morales-González A, et al. Review of natural products with hepatoprotective effects. World J Gastroenterol. 2014; 28; 20(40): 14787–14804.
13. Çimen L. Deneysel sepsis modelinde kafeik asit fenetil ester’in koruyucu etkilerinin araştırılması. Doktora Tezi, Erciyes Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2018; 62-65.
14. Kültz D. Plasticity and stressor specificit of osmotic and heat shock responses of gillichthys mirabilis gill cells. A. J. Physiol 1996; 271: 1181-93.
15. Kültz D, Somero GN. Differences ın protein patterns of gill epithelial cells of the fish gillichthys mirabilis after osmotic and thermal acclimation. J. Comp Physiol 1996; 166: 88-100.
16. Valkova N, Yunis R, Mak S, Kang K, Kültz D. Nek8 mutation causes overexpression of galectin1, sorcin and viment and accumulation of the major urinary protein ın renal cysts of jck mice. Mol. Cell Proteomic 2005; 4: 1009-18.
17. Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T. Molecular cloning, a laboratory manual (2nd edition) CSH, 1989; 18-47.
18. Temizkan G, Arda N. Moleküler biyolojide kullanılan yöntemler. Nobel tıp kitabevleri, İstanbul, 2004; 228.
19. Bradford MM. A Rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 1976; 72: 248-254.
20. Jomová K, Hudecova L, Lauro P, Simunkova M, Alwasel SH, Alhazza IM, Valko M. A switch between antioxidant and prooxidant properties of the phenolic compounds myricetin, morin, 3′,4′-dihydroxyflavone, taxifolin and 4-hydroxy-coumarin in the presence of copper(ıı) ions: a spectroscopic, absorption titration and dna damage study. Molecules 2019; 24(23): 4335.
21. Ornstrup MJ, Brüel A, Thomsen JS, Harsløf T, Langdahl BL, Pedersen SB. Long-term high-dose resveratrol supplementation reduces bone mass and fracture strength in rats. Calcified Tissue International 2017; 102(3): 337-47.
22. Savov VM, Galabov AS, Tantcheva LP, Mileva MM, Pavlova EL, Stoeva ES, Braykova AA. Effects of rutin and quercetin on monooxygenase activities in experimental influenza virus infection. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 2006; 58(1): 59-64.
23. Levy E, Trudel K, Bendayan M, Seidman E, Delvin E, Elchebly M, Sinnett D. Biological role, protein expression, subcellular localization, and oxidative stress response of paraoxonase 2 in the intestine of humans and rats. American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2007; 293(6): 1252–61.
24. Yin ST, Tang ML, Su L, Chen L, Hu P, Wang HL, Ruan DY. Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on lead-induced oxidative damage. Toxicology 2008; 249(1): 45–54.
25. Morgan AM, El-Ballal SS, El-Bialy BE, EL-Borai NB. Studies on the potential protective effect of cinnamon against bisphenol A- and octylphenol-induced oxidative stress in male albino rats. Toxicology Reports 2014; 1: 92–101.
26. Başaran-Küçükgergin C, Bingül I, Soluk Tekkeşin M, Olgaç V, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Uysal M, Effects of carnosine, taurine, and betaine pretreatments on diethylnitrosamine-induced oxidative stress and tissue injury in rat liver, Toxicol Ind Health 2016 ;32(8):1405-1413.
27. Balkan J, Parldar FH, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Aykaç-Toker G, Uysal M. The effect of taurine or betaine pretreatment on hepatotoxicity and prooxidant status induced by lipopolysaccharide treatment in the liver of rats. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2005; 17(9): 917-21.
28. Ulusu NN, Sahilli M, Avci A, Canbolat O, Ozansoy G, Ari N, Bali M, Stefek M, Stole S, Gajdosik A, Karasu C. Pentose phosphate pathway, glutathione-dependent enzymes and antioxidant defense during oxidative stress in diabetic rodent brain and peripheral organs: effects of stobadine and vitamin E. Neurochemical Research 2003; 28(6): 815–23.
29. Uğur Aydin Z, Akpinar KE, Hepokur C, Erdönmez D. Assessment of toxicity and oxidative DNA damage of sodium hypochlorite, chitosan and propolison fibroblast cells. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32.