The effect of the motivational interview program on coping and adaptation of patients with type 2 diabetes: An action research study

Abstract

Amaç: Diyabet, hem Türkiye'de hem de dünyada önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur ve görülme sıklığı artmaktadır. Tip 2 diabetes mellitus tanılı hastaların çoğu, hastalıklarına uyum sorunları yaşamaktadır. Bu çalışma, motivasyonel görüşmelerin tip 2 diabetes mellitus tanılı hastaların başa çıkma ve uyum, öz yeterlik ve diyabet öz bakım düzeylerine etkisini anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, nitel yöntemlerin kullanıldığı özgürleştirici tipte bir eylem çalışmasıdır. Örneklem grubu, tip 2 diabetes mellitus tanısı konmuş gönüllü yetişkin katılımcılardan oluşuyordu. Her 10 katılımcıyla 7-9 motivasyonel görüşme, toplam 89 görüşme yapılmıştır. Katılımcılarla yapılan motivasyonel görüşmelerden nitel veriler elde edilmiş ve Colaizzi'nin (1978) betimsel fenomenolojik veri analizi stratejisi ile analiz edilmiştir. Ölçeklerden nicel veriler elde edilmiş ve Friedman ve Bonferroni testi ile analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Motivasyonel görüşmelerin tip 2 diabetes mellitus tanılı hastaların başa çıkma ve uyum, öz yeterlik ve diyabet özbakım düzeylerini önemli ölçüde arttırdığı bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların ön test, son test sonuçları, hemoglobin A1c, açlık plazma glukozu, düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein ve vücut kitle indeksi arasında bir fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çalışma, motivasyonel görüşmelerin tip 2 diabetes mellitus tanısı alan hastaların başa çıkma ve uyum, diabetes öz yeterliklerini ve diyabet öz bakım aktivite düzeylerini artırmak için kullanılabileceğini önermektedir.

Keywords

• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
• Adaptation
• Coping
• Motivational interview

References

1. World Health Organization. Diabetes Update 2020, https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes#tab=tab_1 (Access date: 19.06.2020). Internation Diabetes Federation. Diabetes Atlas Ninth. Update 2019, https://www.diabetesatlas.org/upload/resources/material/20200106_152211 _IDFATLAS9e-final-web.pdf (Access date: 20.05.2019).
2. Oguz A, Telci OC, Tümerdem BC. The prospective urban rural epidemiology (PURE) study: PURE Turkey. Archives of Turkish Cardiology Association. 2018; 46:613-623.
3. Harvey JN. Psychosocial interventions for the diabetic patient. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2015;8:29–43.
4. Lee SK, Shin DH, Kim YH, Lee KS. Effect of diabetes education through pattern management on self-care and self-efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(18):2-12.
5. Nazar C M J, Bojerenu MM, Safdar M, Marwat J. Effectiveness of diabetes education and awareness of diabetes mellitus in combating diabetes in the United Kigdom; a literature review. J Nephropharmacol. 2016;5(2):110-115.
6. Miller W, Rollnick S. Motivational interview preparing people for change. Karadag F, Öğel K, Tezcan EA. (Eds.) Ankara, TR: HYB publishing press, 2002. Roy SC. The Roy Adaptation Model. Pearson Prentice Hall, US: Upper Saddle River NJ, 2008.
7. Wisniewska D. Mixed Methods and Action Research: Similar or different? Glottodi-dactica-An International Journal of Applied Linguistics, XXXVII, Poznan: Adam Mickiewicz University Press, 2011.
8. Gunbayi I. Action research as a mixed methods research: Definition, philosophy, types, process, political and ethical issues and pros and cons. Journal of Mixed Methods Studies. 2020;2:16-25.

9. Creswell JW, Plano Clark VL. Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, 2018.
10. Roy SC. Coping and adaptation processing scale: development and testing. En prensa, 2004.
11. Catal E, Dicle AA. validity and reliability study of the coping and adaptation processing scale in Turkey. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care supp. 2012;1:44-44.
12. Van Der Bijl JJ. Van Poelgeest-Eeltink A, Shortridge-Baggett L. The psychometric properties of the diabetes management self-efficacy scale for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Adv Nurs. 1999;30:352–359.
13. Usta Yesilbalkan O. Self-efficacy, self-care powers and factors affecting the self-care of patients with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Ege University Faculty. 2004;20:11-29.
14. Cosansu Kuzu G. Self-care activities and cognitive-social factors related to diabetes in type 2 diabetics (Thesis), Istanbul, İstanbul University, 2009.
15. Toobert DJ, Glasgow RE. Assessing diabetes self_management: the summary of diabetes self_ care activities questionnaire. In Handbook of Psychology and Diabetes. Bradley C, Ed. Chur, Switzerland, Harwood Academic, 1994.
16. Colaizzi P. Psychological research as a phenomenologist views it. In: Valle, R. S. & King, M. Existential Phenomenological Alternatives for Psychology. New York, Open University Press, 1978.
17. Morrow, R., Rodriguez, A. and King, N. Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method. Psychologist. 2015; 28(8):643-644.
18. Ekong G, Kavookjian J. Motivational interviewing and outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Patient Educ Couns. 2016;99:944–952.
19. Salimi C, Momtazi S, Zenuzian S. A Review on effectiveness of motivational interviewing in the management of diabetes mellitus. Journal of Psychology & Clinical Psychiatry. 2016;5(4):1-6.
20. Muslu L, Ardahan M. The effect of motivational interview in adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi. 2017;10:167–176.
21. Li Z, Chen Q, Yan J, Liang W, Wong CWW. Effectiveness of motivational interviewing on improving Care for Patients with type 2 diabetes in China: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Health Serv Res. 2020;20(1):1-9.
22. Pladeval MR, Divine G, Wells E, Resnicow K, Williams LK. A randomize controlled trial to provide adherence information and motivationel interviewing to improve diabetes and lipid control. Diabetes Educ. 2015;41:136-46.
23. Celano CM, Gianangelo TA, Millstein RA, et al. positive psychology–motivational interviewing intervention for patients with type 2 diabetes: Proof-of-concept trial. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine. 2019; 54(2): 97-114.
24. Berhe KK, Gebru HB, Kahsay HB. Effect of motivational interviewing intervention on HgbA1C and depression in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (systematic review and meta-analysis). PloS one. 2020;15(10):e0240839.
25. Ribu L, Rønnevig M, Corbin J. People with type 2 diabetes struggling for self‐management: A part study from the randomized controlled trial in RENEWING HEALTH. Nurs Open. 2019; 6(3): 1088–1096.
26. Chan CK, Cockshaw W, Smith K, Holmes-Truscott E, Pauver F, Speight J. Social support and self-care outcomes in adults with diabetes: The mediating effects of self-efficacy and diabetes distress. Results of the second diabetes MILES–Australia (MILES-2) study. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2020;166:2-8.
27. The Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Turkey [SEMT], Clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of diabetes mellitus and its complications – 2019 (12th Ed). Ankara, TR: Miki Printing and Publishing, 2019.
28. American Diabetes Association. 5. Lifestyle management: standards of medical care in diabetes-2019. Diabetes Care. 2019;42: S46–S60.
29. Pati S, Lobo E, Pati S, Pati S, Deseraju S. Type 2 Diabetes and physical activity: Barriers and enablers to diabetes control in Eastern India - ERRATUM. Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2019;20:e126.
30. Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Yardley JE, Riddell MC, Dunstan DW, Dempsey PD. Physical activity/exercise and diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes care. 2016;39(11):2065-2079.
31. Ramkisson S, Pillay BJ, Sibanda W. Social support and coping in adults with type 2 diabetes. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2017;9(1):e1–e8.
32. Young-Hyman D, De Groot M., Hill-Briggs F, Gonzales JS., Hood K, Peyrot M. Psychosocial care for people with diabetes: A position statement of the American diabetes association. Diabetes Care. 2016;39:2126–2140.
33. Marengo CM, Aronson BD, Sittner KJ, Walls ML. A longitudinal study of the stress of poor glucose control and diabetes distress. J Health Psychol.2016;0(0)1-10.