Comparison of Planned Caesarean Sections Performed After Labor Begins with Those Performed Before Labor Begins in Terms of Postpartum Breastfeeding and Maternal Attachment Levels

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 560 - 568, 31.05.2022

Ayşe Nur Yılmaz Yeşim Aksoy Derya

https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1005756

Öz

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the postpartum breastfeeding and maternal attachment levels of women who underwent planned caesarean deliveries in which labor had begun and in which it had not.
Methods: This comparative-descriptive study was carried in eastern Turkey between March and August of 2017. This study included 180 women who underwent planned caesarean sections after labor began and 180 women who underwent planned caesarean sections before labor began. A personal information form, the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool, and the Maternal Attachment Scale (MAS) were used to collect the study data. For the statistical evaluation, the percentage distributions, arithmetic means, standard deviations, chi-squared test, independent samples t test, and Pearson correlation analysis results were used.
Results: In the puerperae who had undergone planned caesarean sections after labor began, the MAS total score mean was 97.08±7.54 and the LATCH score mean was 9.34±1.13. These means were 72.97±10.20 and 6.96±1.12, respectively, in the puerperae who had undergone planned caesarean sections before labor began (p<0.001). Additionally, in the puerperae who underwent planned caesarean sections after labor began, it was determined that the rates of breastfeeding and breast milk only feeding were significantly higher, while the jaundice development rate was significantly lower during the first half hour after birth (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The postpartum breastfeeding and maternal attachment levels were significantly higher in those women who underwent planned caesarean sections after labor began.

Anahtar Kelimeler

After Labor Begins, Before Labor Begins, Maternal Attachment, Planned Caesarean, Postpartum Breastfeeding

Kaynakça

• 1. Odent M. The Caesarean. Translation: Koltukçuoğlu Z. Cesarean, 2nd Edition. Istanbul, Exclusive Publication, 2013.
• 2. Turkish Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Cesarean Section Report 2013. Available from: URL: http://www.tjod.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/TJOD-SEZARYEN-RAPORU.pdf Accessed August 12, 2017.
• 3. Langer B, Schlaeder G. What does the cesarean rate mean in France. Journal de Gynecologie, Obstetrique et Biologie de La Reproduction, 1998; 27(1): 62-70.
• 4. Odent M, Tekin ÖM. Neocortical ınhibition during labor and stress deprivation associated with cesarean section without labor. Gynecology - Obstetrics and Neonatology Medical Journal, 2015;12(3): 123-125.
• 5. Abboud TK. Maternal and fetal beta endorphin: effects of pregnancy and labour. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1988; 63: 707-709.
• 6. Mete S. Relationship between stress, hormons and and labor. Journal of Dokuz Eylül University School of Nursing, 2013; 6(2): 93-98.
• 7. Ceylantekin Y. The evaluation of the experiences and the knowledge levels of the women who have cesarean and vaginal delivery in prenatal and postnatal period (dissertation). Health Sciences Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing. Afyon: Afyon Kocatepe University 2006.
• 8. Kabilan A. Pharmacological Role of Oxytocin - A Short Review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. Cuddalore Apr 2014; 6(4): 220-223.
• 9. Szymanska M, Schneider M, Chateau-Smith C, Nezelof S, Vulliez-Coady L. Psychophysiological effects of oxytocin on parent-child interactions: A literature review on oxytocin and parent-child interactions. Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2017;71(10):690-705. doi:10.1111/pcn.12544
• 10. Odent M. The scientification of love. Free Association Books, 2001.
• 11. Romano AM, Lothian JA. Promoting, protecting, and supporting normal birth: a look at the evidence. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 2008;37(1):94-105. doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.2007.00210.x
• 12. Mongan MF. Hypnobirthing The Mongan Method. Translation: Grocery AK. Hypnobirthing Mongan Method, 2nd Printing. Istanbul, Gün Publishing, 2013.
• 13. Nissen E, Uvnäs-Moberg K, Svensson K, Stock S, Widström AM, Winberg J. Different patterns of oxytocin, prolactin but not cortisol release during breastfeeding in women delivered by caesarean section or by the vaginal route. Early Human Development, 1996;45(1-2):103-118. doi:10.1016/0378-3782(96)01725-2
• 14. Jensen D, Wallace S, Kelsay P. LATCH: a breastfeeding charting system and documentation tool. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, 1994;23(1):27-32. doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01847.x
• 15. Adams D, Hewell S. Maternal and professional assessment of breastfeeding. Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association. 1997;13(4):279-283. doi:10.1177/089033449701300412
• 16. Yenal K, Okumuş H. Reliability of LATCH breastfeeding assessment tool. HEMAR-G Review. 2003; 5 :38-44.
• 17. Müller ME. A questionnaire to measure mother-to-infant attachment. Journal of nursing measurement. 1994; 2(2): 129-141.
• 18. Kavlak O, Şirin A. The Turkish version of maternal attachment inventory. International journal of human sciences. 2009; 6(1): 187-202.
• 19. Zanardo V, Savona V, Cavallin F, D'Antona D, Giustardi A, Trevisanuto D. Impaired lactation performance following elective delivery at term: role of maternal levels of cortisol and prolactin. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians. 2012; 25(9):1595-1598. doi:10.3109/14767058.2011.648238
• 20. Heasman L, Spencer JAD, Symonds ME. Plasma prolactin concentrations after caesarean section or vaginal delivery. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 1997; 77, F237–F238.
• 21. Doganay M, Avsar F. Effects of labor time on secretion time and quantity of breast milk. nternational journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2002;76(2): 207-211. doi:10.1016/s0020-7292(01)00566-5
• 22. İşler A. The role of newborn nurses in the initiation of mother-infant relationship in premature infants. Perinatal Journal. 2007; 15(1): 1-6.
• 23. Lai YL, Hung CH, Stocker J, Chan TF, Liu Y. Postpartum fatigue, baby-care activities, and maternal-infant attachment of vaginal and cesarean births following rooming-in. Applied nursing research:ANR. 2015;28(2):116-120. doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2014.08.002
• 24. Eşel E. Anneliğin Nörobiyolojisi [Neurobiology of motherhood]. Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry, 2010;21(1):68-78.
• 25. Cankaya S, Yilmaz SD, Can R, Kodaz ND. Effect of postpartum depression on maternal attachment. Journal of Acibadem University of Health Sciences, 2017; 4: 232-240.
• 26. Üstgörül S, Yanıkkerem E. The assessment of the effect of postpartum depression on maternal attachment. SSTB International Refereed Academic Journal of Sports, Health &amp; Medical Sciences, 2014; 12(4): 14-30.
• 27. Güleşen A, Yıldız Ş. Investigation of maternal-ınfant attachment in the early postpartum period with evidence based practice. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin 2013; 12(2): 177-182.