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UNDERSTANDING THE CHALLENGES OF MULTICULTURAL TEAM MANAGEMENT

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 259 - 268, 30.09.2018

Öz



Purpose- This study aims to explore the challenges confronted by executive
managers while managing multicultural teams, and the solutions they deliver to
cope with these matters. What is aimed to accomplish is to comprehend these
challenges from the standpoint of managers. While trying to understand the
problems and exhortations related to multicultural team management, culture and
core cultural dimensions were utilized in the study.



Methodology- Criterion sampling method, which is a kind of purposive sampling method,
was employed in the study. The data for the study was collected through 14
in-depth interviews directed to executive managers of MNCs operating in Turkey.
The questions that generate our data consist of open-ended questions. The
statements of managers were analyzed by content analysis and sorted into
corresponding categories. These categories and solutions based upon manager’s
experiences were presented accordingly.



Findings- Implications indicate that most frequently confronted challenges are
ineffective communication and misunderstandings, different working styles and
expectations of group members, and intolerance and lack of knowledge related to
diversity. On the other hand, in order to cope with these challenges, managers
state that it is significant to embrace diversity and encourage group members
to acknowledge it as well as become approachable and eager to learn more. Last
but not least communicating in the simplest form has been accentuated.

Conclusion- To sum up briefly, successful managers are expected
to possess the competency to adapt different management styles and they are
also expected to be flexible enough to switch from one to another.

Kaynakça

  • Adler, N. J. (2002). International dimensions of organizational behavior, (4th Ed.). Cincinnati, OH: Southwestern.
  • Aritz, J., Walker, R. C. (2014). Leadership styles in multicultural groups: Americans and East Asians working together. International Journal of Business Communication, 51 (1), 72-92.
  • Behfar, K., Kern, M., Brett, J. (2006). Managing challenges in multicultural teams. In National culture and groups. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 233-262.
  • Bettenhausen, K., Murnighan, J. K. (1985). The emergence of norms in competitive decision-making groups. Administrative Science Quarterly, 350-372.
  • Brett, J. M. (2007). Negotiating globally: how to negotiate deals, resolve disputes, and make decisions across cultural boundaries. John Wiley & Sons, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Browaeys, M. J., Price, R. (2008). Understanding cross-cultural management. Pearson education.
  • Chao, G. T., Moon, H. (2005). The cultural mosaic: a metatheory for understanding the complexity of culture. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1128-1140.
  • De Dreu, C. K. W., Weingart, L. R. (2003). Task versus relationship conflict, team performance, and team member satisfaction: a meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(4), 741–749.
  • Dunning, J. H. (2002). Global capitalism, FDI and competitiveness. Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Ely, R. J. Thomas, D. A. (2001). Cultural diversity at work: the effects of diversity perspectives on work group processes and outcomes. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46(2), 229-273.
  • Halverson, C. B., Tirmizi, S. A. (Eds.). (2008). Effective multicultural teams: theory and practice. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Heimer, C., Vince, R. (1998). Sustainable learning and change in international teams: from imperceptible behavior to rigorous practice. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 19(2), 83-88.
  • Helvacıoğlu, N., Özutku, H. (2010). Kültürel farklılıkların yönetiminde insan kaynakları stratejilerinin rolü: IKEA örneği. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 117-146.
  • Hofsteds, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences. London: Sage.
  • Hofstede, G. (1991). Organizations and cultures: software of the mind. New York: McGrawHill.
  • Jarvenpaa, S. L., Leidner, D. E. (1999). Communication and trust in global virtual teams. Organizational Science, 10(6), 791-816.
  • Jehn, K. A., Northcraft, G. B., Neale, M. A. (1999). Why differences make a difference: a field study of diversity, conflict and performance in workgroups. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(4), 741-763.
  • Kirchmeyer, C., Cohen, A. 1992. Multicultural groups: their performance and reactions with constructive conflict. Group & Organization Management, (17(2), 153-170.
  • Lisak, A., Erez, M. (2015). Leadership emergence in multicultural teams: the power of global characteristics. Journal of World Business, 50(1), 3-14.
  • Mäkilouko, M. (2004). Coping with multicultural projects: the leadership styles of Finnish project managers. International Journal of Project Management, 22(5), 387-396.
  • Markus, H. R., Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224-253.
  • Marquardt, M., Horvath, L. (2001). Global teams: how top multinationals span boundaries and cultures with high-speed teamwork. Palo Alto, CA: Davies-Black Publishing.
  • Marshall, M. N. (1996). Sampling for qualitative research. Family Practice, 13(6), 522-526.
  • Matveev, A., Milter, R. (2004). The value of intercultural competence for performance of multicultural teams. Team Performance Management, 10(5/6), 104–111.
  • Molinsky, A. (2013). Global dexterity: how to adapt your behavior across cultures without losing yourself in the process. Harvard Business Review Press.
  • Nardon, L., Steers, R. M. (2009). The culture theory jungle: divergence and convergence in models of national culture. Cambridge Handbook of Culture, Organizations, and Work, 3-22.
  • Oertig, M., Buergi, T. (2006). The challenges of managing cross-cultural virtual project teams. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 12(1/2), 23-30.
  • Palys, T. (2008). Purposive sampling. In L. M. Given (Ed.) the Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods, 2, 697-698. Los Angeles: Sage.
  • Ramthun, A. J., Matkin, G. S. (2012). Multicultural shared leadership: a conceptual model of shared leadership in culturally diverse teams. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 19(3), 303-314.
  • Schneider, S. C., Barsoux, J. L. (2003). Managing across cultures. Pearson Education.
  • Sekaran, U., Bougie, R. (2017). Research methods for business: a skill building approach. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Stahl, G. K., Maznevski, M., Voigt, A., Jonsen, K. (2010). Unraveling the effects of cultural diversity in teams: a meta-analysis of research on multicultural work groups. Journal of International Business Studies, 41, 690-709.
  • Thomas, D. C. (1999). Cultural diversity and work group effectiveness: an experimental study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 30(2), 242-263.
  • Williams, K. Y., O'Reilly III, C. A. (1998). Demography and diversity in organizations: a review of 40 years of research. Research in Organizational Behavior, 20, 77-140.
Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 259 - 268, 30.09.2018

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Adler, N. J. (2002). International dimensions of organizational behavior, (4th Ed.). Cincinnati, OH: Southwestern.
  • Aritz, J., Walker, R. C. (2014). Leadership styles in multicultural groups: Americans and East Asians working together. International Journal of Business Communication, 51 (1), 72-92.
  • Behfar, K., Kern, M., Brett, J. (2006). Managing challenges in multicultural teams. In National culture and groups. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 233-262.
  • Bettenhausen, K., Murnighan, J. K. (1985). The emergence of norms in competitive decision-making groups. Administrative Science Quarterly, 350-372.
  • Brett, J. M. (2007). Negotiating globally: how to negotiate deals, resolve disputes, and make decisions across cultural boundaries. John Wiley & Sons, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Browaeys, M. J., Price, R. (2008). Understanding cross-cultural management. Pearson education.
  • Chao, G. T., Moon, H. (2005). The cultural mosaic: a metatheory for understanding the complexity of culture. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1128-1140.
  • De Dreu, C. K. W., Weingart, L. R. (2003). Task versus relationship conflict, team performance, and team member satisfaction: a meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(4), 741–749.
  • Dunning, J. H. (2002). Global capitalism, FDI and competitiveness. Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Ely, R. J. Thomas, D. A. (2001). Cultural diversity at work: the effects of diversity perspectives on work group processes and outcomes. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46(2), 229-273.
  • Halverson, C. B., Tirmizi, S. A. (Eds.). (2008). Effective multicultural teams: theory and practice. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Heimer, C., Vince, R. (1998). Sustainable learning and change in international teams: from imperceptible behavior to rigorous practice. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 19(2), 83-88.
  • Helvacıoğlu, N., Özutku, H. (2010). Kültürel farklılıkların yönetiminde insan kaynakları stratejilerinin rolü: IKEA örneği. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 117-146.
  • Hofsteds, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences. London: Sage.
  • Hofstede, G. (1991). Organizations and cultures: software of the mind. New York: McGrawHill.
  • Jarvenpaa, S. L., Leidner, D. E. (1999). Communication and trust in global virtual teams. Organizational Science, 10(6), 791-816.
  • Jehn, K. A., Northcraft, G. B., Neale, M. A. (1999). Why differences make a difference: a field study of diversity, conflict and performance in workgroups. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(4), 741-763.
  • Kirchmeyer, C., Cohen, A. 1992. Multicultural groups: their performance and reactions with constructive conflict. Group & Organization Management, (17(2), 153-170.
  • Lisak, A., Erez, M. (2015). Leadership emergence in multicultural teams: the power of global characteristics. Journal of World Business, 50(1), 3-14.
  • Mäkilouko, M. (2004). Coping with multicultural projects: the leadership styles of Finnish project managers. International Journal of Project Management, 22(5), 387-396.
  • Markus, H. R., Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224-253.
  • Marquardt, M., Horvath, L. (2001). Global teams: how top multinationals span boundaries and cultures with high-speed teamwork. Palo Alto, CA: Davies-Black Publishing.
  • Marshall, M. N. (1996). Sampling for qualitative research. Family Practice, 13(6), 522-526.
  • Matveev, A., Milter, R. (2004). The value of intercultural competence for performance of multicultural teams. Team Performance Management, 10(5/6), 104–111.
  • Molinsky, A. (2013). Global dexterity: how to adapt your behavior across cultures without losing yourself in the process. Harvard Business Review Press.
  • Nardon, L., Steers, R. M. (2009). The culture theory jungle: divergence and convergence in models of national culture. Cambridge Handbook of Culture, Organizations, and Work, 3-22.
  • Oertig, M., Buergi, T. (2006). The challenges of managing cross-cultural virtual project teams. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 12(1/2), 23-30.
  • Palys, T. (2008). Purposive sampling. In L. M. Given (Ed.) the Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods, 2, 697-698. Los Angeles: Sage.
  • Ramthun, A. J., Matkin, G. S. (2012). Multicultural shared leadership: a conceptual model of shared leadership in culturally diverse teams. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 19(3), 303-314.
  • Schneider, S. C., Barsoux, J. L. (2003). Managing across cultures. Pearson Education.
  • Sekaran, U., Bougie, R. (2017). Research methods for business: a skill building approach. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Stahl, G. K., Maznevski, M., Voigt, A., Jonsen, K. (2010). Unraveling the effects of cultural diversity in teams: a meta-analysis of research on multicultural work groups. Journal of International Business Studies, 41, 690-709.
  • Thomas, D. C. (1999). Cultural diversity and work group effectiveness: an experimental study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 30(2), 242-263.
  • Williams, K. Y., O'Reilly III, C. A. (1998). Demography and diversity in organizations: a review of 40 years of research. Research in Organizational Behavior, 20, 77-140.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Nusret Sogancilar 0000-0002-9729-5372

Husniye Ors Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-8319-3340

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Sogancilar, N., & Ors, H. (2018). UNDERSTANDING THE CHALLENGES OF MULTICULTURAL TEAM MANAGEMENT. Journal of Business Economics and Finance, 7(3), 259-268.

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