Hatay’da Çok Tehlikeli Sınıfta Bir Fabrikada Ergonomi ve İş ile İlişkili Kas İskelet Sistemi Yakınmaları

Öz

Amaç: İşle ilgili en sık görülen hastalıklar kas-iskelet sistemi hastalıklarıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çok tehlikeli sınıfta yer alan bir fabrikada işe bağlı kas-iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarının İKİSR sıklığını ve sosyodemografik, iş ve ergonomik riskleri belirlemektir. Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel tipte olup 2017 yılında yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini fabrika çalışanlarının tamamı (N=190) oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya 185 fabrika çalışanı (%97,3) katılmış olup, verilerin toplanmasında antropometrik ölçümler, Cornell Kas İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlık Anketi ve Hızlı Üst Ekstremite Değerlendirmesi (RULA) ergonomik risk analizi ölçeğine dayalı gözlem kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde p<0,05 anlamlı olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Cornell Anketine göre İKİSR sıklığı %58,9 idi. En sık İKİSR bel bölgesindeydi (%34,1). RULA Ölçeğine göre çalışanların %31,9'u 3. ve 4. Derece ergonomik risk altındadır. Cornell Bel Skoru ile üç RULA skorunun her biri arasında doğrusal ilişkiler vardı. Bel bölgesinde İKİSR için risk faktörleri; kronik hastalık varlığı (OR=5,35), el aletleri kullanımı (OR=2,63), RULA puanı (OR=1,61) ve iş kazası geçirmemiş olmaktır. (OR=0,04). Sonuç: Çalışanların yaklaşık üçte birinde yüksek ergonomik risk, yarısından fazlasında ise İKİSR bulunmaktadır. Ergonomik risk arttıkça İKİSR de artar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ergonomi
• iş ile ilişkili kas iskelet sistemi yakınmaları
• RULA

Ergonomics-Related and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in A High-Hazard Factory in Hatay Region

Öz

Objectives: The most common work-related diseases are musculoskeletal system disease. This study aims to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in a high-hazard factory and to determine sociodemographic, occupational, and ergonomic risks. Methods: The research is cross-sectional and was conducted in a high-hazard factory, in Hatay, in 2017. The research population was all factory employees (N=190), and it was aimed to reach the whole population. Of the (97.3%), 185 employees participated in the study. Anthropometric measurements, the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Scale, the observation-based Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) Ergonomic Risk Analysis Scale, and a questionnaire developed by the researchers are used for data collection. In the statistical analyses p<0,05was accepted as significant. Results According to the Cornell Scale, the frequency of WMSDs was 58.9%. The most common WMSDs were in the lumbar region (34.1%). According to the RULA Scale, 31.9% of the employees had 3rd and 4th-degree ergonomic risk. There were linear relationships between the Cornell Waist Score and each of the three RULA scores (p<0.001). The risk factors for WMSDs in the lumbar region were the presence of chronic disease (OR=5.35), hand tool use (OR=2.63), not having had a work accident (OR=0.04) and RULA scores (OR=1.61), Conclusion: Approximately one-third of the high-hazard factory employees had a high ergonomic risk. WMSDs existed in more than half of the employees. As the ergonomic risk increases, WMSDs increase.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ergonomy
• RULA
• Work Related Musculo-Skeletal System Disorders

Kaynakça

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