Determinism and Voluntarism in Steve Waters’ The Contingency Plan: An Eco-Critical Reading

Abstract

As the twenty-first century starts to evolve, literature urges its endeavours to depict the realistic problems that the contemporary man may encounter. Thus, theatre which is considered as an essential figure in discussing mankind's issues takes its role to establish the reasonable base for the environmental problems to be shown. However, depending on the theoretical investigation, the present study is tracing different aspects related to both philosophical terms of Determinism and Voluntarism. Moreover, climate change is considered as a universal issue in the contemporary world, it is dependent on the mankind’s understanding to the critical situation of their existence. The research is based on the objective eco-critical reading of Steve Waters' Book, The Contingency Plan. The mentioned book embraces a vivid depiction the apocalyptic vision for a near future atmosphere in the United Kingdom, by this the playwright employs a variety of techniques to contribute a stage presentation of the pure dualism between man's efforts and nature's cataclysmic responses.

Keywords

• Determinism
• Voluntarism
• Climate Change
• Apocalypse
• Ecocriticism
• Determinism, Voluntarism, Climate Change, Apocalypse, Ecocriticism

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