Research Article

NaOH production by electro-dialysis of borax solution in an electrochemical flow cell

Volume: 1 Number: 1 July 25, 2025
  • Elif Kesmen
  • Mehmet Çopur
  • Sinan Yapıcı
  • Mehmet Emin Arzutuğ

NaOH production by electro-dialysis of borax solution in an electrochemical flow cell

Abstract

In this study, the production of sodium hydroxide from borax, which is an important boron mineral, was investigated by the electrolysis of borax solution in a cation exchange membrane unit in which three-dimensional carbon felt electrodes were used. During the experiments, the effects of electrolyte flow rate, the concentration of borax solution, and system temperature on the concentration of produced sodium hydroxide were studied. The effect of parameters on the sodium hydroxide production were investigated for four different electrolyte flow rates in the range of 0.024-0.039 m s-1, the effect of concentration of borax solution for four different concentrations of borax solution in the range of 0.18-0.43 M, and the effect of system temperature for three different temperature in the range of 40-60°C. It was observed that as the rate of electrolyte and the concentration of borax solution increased, sodium hydroxide production also increased. But the increase in temperature had an adverse effect on sodium hydroxide production.

Keywords

Project Number

Ataturk University BAP Project 2001/126

Thanks

This research was supported by the Ataturk University Research Foundation under project contract No: 2001/126.

References

  1. Bayer Process (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayer_process. This page was last edited on 11 December 2024, at 06:46 (UTC).
  2. Erkmen, J. & Yapıcı, S. (2015). A environmentally friendly process for boric acid and sodium hydroxide production from borax; bipolar membrane electrodialysis. Desalination and Water Treatment, 43, 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1107509
  3. Mazrou, S., Kerdjoudj, H., Cherif, A. T., & Molenat, J. (1997). Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid generation from sodium chloride and rock salt by electro-electrodialysis. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 27, 558-567, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018498612326
  4. Moore, J. A. (1997). An assessment of boric acid and borax using the IEHR Evaluative process for assessing human developmental and reproductive toxicity of agents. Reproductive Toxicology, 11(1), 123-160, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0890-6238(96)00204-3
  5. Nayak, V. S. (1996). Nonelectrolytic Production of Caustic Soda and Hydrochloric Acid from Sodium Chloride. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 35(10), 3808-3811, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie960043h
  6. Paleologou, M., Thibault, A., Wong, P-Y., Thompson, R., & Berry, R. M. (1997). Enhancement of the current efficiency for sodium hydroxide production from sodium sulphate in two compartments bipolar membrane electrodialysis system. Separation and Purification Technology, 11, 159-171, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5866(97)00018-X
  7. Pisarska, B. & Dylevski, R. (2005). Analysis of Preparation Conditions of H2SO4 and NaOH from Sodium Sulphate Solutions by Electrodialysis. Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, 78, 1288-1293, https://doi.org/1070-4272/05/7808-1288
  8. Thinktech STM Teknolojik Düşünce Merkezi, 2023. Geleceğin minerali ve malzemesi bor ve borofen-II: Üretim ve Ekonomik Boyutuyla Bor. Araştırma Raporu, https://thinktech.stm.com.tr/uploads//docs/2023-yili pdfleri/1702645545_stmgeleceginmineralivemalzemesibor2.pdf?

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Separation Processes, Electrochemical Technologies

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

July 25, 2025

Submission Date

January 14, 2025

Acceptance Date

June 21, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 1 Number: 1

APA
Kesmen, E., Çopur, M., Yapıcı, S., & Arzutuğ, M. E. (2025). NaOH production by electro-dialysis of borax solution in an electrochemical flow cell. Journal of Energy Recovery and Transfer Processes, 1(1), 7-15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16027486
AMA
1.Kesmen E, Çopur M, Yapıcı S, Arzutuğ ME. NaOH production by electro-dialysis of borax solution in an electrochemical flow cell. Journal of Energy Recovery and Transfer Processes. 2025;1(1):7-15. doi:10.5281/zenodo.16027486
Chicago
Kesmen, Elif, Mehmet Çopur, Sinan Yapıcı, and Mehmet Emin Arzutuğ. 2025. “NaOH Production by Electro-Dialysis of Borax Solution in an Electrochemical Flow Cell”. Journal of Energy Recovery and Transfer Processes 1 (1): 7-15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16027486.
EndNote
Kesmen E, Çopur M, Yapıcı S, Arzutuğ ME (July 1, 2025) NaOH production by electro-dialysis of borax solution in an electrochemical flow cell. Journal of Energy Recovery and Transfer Processes 1 1 7–15.
IEEE
[1]E. Kesmen, M. Çopur, S. Yapıcı, and M. E. Arzutuğ, “NaOH production by electro-dialysis of borax solution in an electrochemical flow cell”, Journal of Energy Recovery and Transfer Processes, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 7–15, July 2025, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16027486.
ISNAD
Kesmen, Elif - Çopur, Mehmet - Yapıcı, Sinan - Arzutuğ, Mehmet Emin. “NaOH Production by Electro-Dialysis of Borax Solution in an Electrochemical Flow Cell”. Journal of Energy Recovery and Transfer Processes 1/1 (July 1, 2025): 7-15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16027486.
JAMA
1.Kesmen E, Çopur M, Yapıcı S, Arzutuğ ME. NaOH production by electro-dialysis of borax solution in an electrochemical flow cell. Journal of Energy Recovery and Transfer Processes. 2025;1:7–15.
MLA
Kesmen, Elif, et al. “NaOH Production by Electro-Dialysis of Borax Solution in an Electrochemical Flow Cell”. Journal of Energy Recovery and Transfer Processes, vol. 1, no. 1, July 2025, pp. 7-15, doi:10.5281/zenodo.16027486.
Vancouver
1.Elif Kesmen, Mehmet Çopur, Sinan Yapıcı, Mehmet Emin Arzutuğ. NaOH production by electro-dialysis of borax solution in an electrochemical flow cell. Journal of Energy Recovery and Transfer Processes. 2025 Jul. 1;1(1):7-15. doi:10.5281/zenodo.16027486