İSTANBUL AVRUPA YAKASINDA MEYDANA GELEN SİSMİK OLAYLARIN KAYNAK TÜRLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Yıl 2023, , 279 - 297, 27.03.2023

Evrim Yavuz

https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1177051

Öz

Nüfus, sanayi, yapılaşma ve turizm açısından ülkemizin en yoğun kenti olan İstanbul, tektonik olarak, güneyinde uzanan Ana Marmara Fayı’nın kontrolü altındadır. Endüstriyel hammadde ihtiyacı ise Avrupa Yakasındaki taş ocağı işletmeleri tarafından sağlanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, bölgede hem doğal hem de yapay kaynaklı mikro-sismik aktivite gözlenmektedir. Olayların enerji içeriği, sismik istasyon sayısının/dağılımının yeterli olmaması ve dalga fazlarının doğru seçilememesi vb. nedenlerden dolayı da kaynak türleri tanımlanmasında hatalar gözükebilmektedir. Daha güvenilir kaynak türü belirlenmesi ise ikincil analizler ile yapılmaktadır. Çalışmada, İstanbul Avrupa Yakası’nda 2007-2021 yılları arasında meydana gelen, büyüklüğü M≤2.8 olan 195 adet sismik olayın Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Kandilli Rasathanesi ve Deprem Araştırma Enstitüsü Bölgesel Deprem ve Tsunami İzleme Merkezi (KRDAE-BDTİM) tarafından işletilen altı adet deprem istasyonunda kayıt edilen 270 adet dalga formu için kaynak türü belirleme analizleri yapılmıştır. Olayların kaynak türleri katalog bilgilerinden bağımsız şekilde, görsel olarak belirlenerek yola çıkılmıştır. Düşey bileşen sismogramları kullanılarak, genlik oranı ve karmaşıklık yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel sınıflandırma için Lineer ve Karesel Ayrımlaştırma Fonksiyonları kullanılarak, yöntem bazlı başarı oranları hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, 195 adet sismik olayın, 28 tanesinin deprem, 167 adetinin patlatma kaynaklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Daha güvenilir kaynak türü tanımlaması ile homojen kataloglar oluşturulmakta ve depremsellik, deprem tehlike analizleri gibi çalışmalarda araştırmacıların ikincil analizler ile zaman kaybı yaşamasının önüne geçilebilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ayrımlaştırma Fonksiyonu, Deprem, İstanbul, Patlatma, Taş ocakları

IDENTIFICATION OF THE SOURCE TYPES OF THE SEISMIC EVENTS OCCURRED ON THE EUROPEAN SIDE OF ISTANBUL

Öz

Istanbul, the densest city of our country in terms of population, industry, construction, and tourism, is tectonically under the control of the Main Marmara Fault lying to the south. The need for industrial raw materials is provided by the quarry operations on the European side. Therefore, both natural and artificial micro-seismic activity is observed in the region. Errors may appear in the identification of source types due to the energy content, insufficient number/distribution of seismic stations, and inaccurate picking of wave phases etc. Secondary analyzes are needed to determine more reliable source types. In this study, source type determination analyzes were performed for 270 waveforms on 195 seismic events with a magnitude of M≤2.8 that occurred in the European Side of Istanbul between 2007 and 2021 were analyzed at six earthquake stations operated by Boğaziçi University Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute Regional Earthquake and Tsunami Monitoring Center (KOERI-RETMC). The source types of the events were determined visually, independently of the catalog information. Amplitude ratio and complexity methods were applied by using vertical component seismograms. Method-based success rate was calculated by using Linear and Quadratic Discrimination Functions for statistical classification. As a result, for 195 seismic events, 28 earthquakes and 167 quarry blasts were determined. With a more reliable source type identification, homogeneous catalogs could be created and researchers could prevented time loss by performing secondary analysis in studies such as seismicity and earthquake hazard analysis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Discriminant Function, Earthquake, Istanbul, Blast, Quarries

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