Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES’ EFFECTS DISTRIBUTED GENERATION BASED GRIDS AND SOLUTION SUGGESTIONS

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 1174 - 1199, 20.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.930456

Öz

In recent years, positive returns observed in range and charging time have increased interest in electric vehicles. The objective of this study is to observe the impact of this increasing interest on the power grid and to propose solutions to any problems that may arise. For this purpose, MATLAB environment was chosen for modeling, based on a period of one year, and the grid region in Sancaktepe (Sancaktepe, Istanbul) was modeled. In accordance with the modeling, the behavior of the grid and the transformer was observed under different conditions using the code developed in the MATLAB environment. In accordance with the observations, proposed solutions for the possible negative impacts of electric vehicles on distribution networks were presented. The objective of our study is to jointly develop production and consumption-based solutions to ensure grid stability. In this direction, the response of the application of the "load shifting method" and the integration of the "distributed renewable generation systems" into the grid to changing conditions was investigated.

Kaynakça

  • Ali Jafar-Nowdeh, Manoochehr Babanezhad, Saber Arabi-Nowdeh, Amirreza Naderipour, Hesam Kamyab, Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek, Vigna K. Ramachandaramurthy,Meta-heuristic matrix moth–flame algorithm for optimal reconfiguration of distribution networks and placement of solar and wind renewable sources considering reliability,Environmental Technology & Innovation,Volume 20,2020,101118,ISSN 2352-1864, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2020.101118.
  • Alicia Triviño-Cabrera, José A. Aguado, Sebastián de la Torre,Joint routing and scheduling for electric vehicles in smart grids with V2G,Energy,Volume 175,2019,Pages 113-122,ISSN 0360-5442,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.02.184.
  • Ambe J. Njoh,A systematic review of environmental determinants of renewable energy performance in Ethiopia: A PESTECH analysis,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,
  • Andrady, A., Aucamp, P., Austin, A., Bais, A., Ballaré, C., Barnes, P. ve Zepp, R. (2015). Environmental effects of ozone depletion and its interactions with climate change: progress report.Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 15. 141.DOI: 10.1039/c7pp90001e
  • Angel A. Bayod-Rújula,Future development of the electricity systems with distributed generation,Energy,Volume 34, Issue 3,2009,Pages 377-383,ISSN 0360-5442,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2008.12.008.
  • Ashok S., Banerjee, R.(2000).Load-management applications for the industrial sector,Applied Energy,Volume 66, Issue 2,2000,Pages 105-111,ISSN 0306-2619.DOI: 10.1016/S0306-2619(99)00125-7
  • Cindy Viviescas, Lucas Lima, Fabio A. Diuana, Eveline Vasquez, Camila Ludovique, Gabriela N. Silva, Vanessa Huback, Leticia Magalar, Alexandre Szklo, André F.P. Lucena, Roberto Schaeffer, Juan Roberto Paredes,Contribution of Variable Renewable Energy to increase energy security in Latin America: Complementarity and climate change impacts on wind and solar resources,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,Volume 113,2019,109232,ISSN 1364-0321,
  • Dahai Zhang, Chenguang Liang, Meng Li, Yiping Luo, Keao Chen, Sohrab Mirsaeidi, Jinghan He,Voltage frequency-based adaptive reclosing strategy for flexible DC power grids,International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,Volume 131,2021,107164,ISSN 0142-0615,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107164.
  • Dilmaç, Ş.,Topçu, S.,Akman, M.S. (1996) mA study of solar ultraviolet radiation at Istanbul,Energy,Volume 21, Issue 3,1996,Pages 189-195,ISSN 0360-5442.DOI:10.1016/0360-5442(95)00100-X
  • Elkhattam, Walid & Salama, M.M.A.. (2004). Distributed generation technologies, definitions and benefits. Electric Power Systems Research. 71. 119-128. 10.1016/j.epsr.2004.01.006.
  • Giovanni Barone, Annamaria Buonomano, Cesare Forzano, Giovanni Francesco Giuzio, Adolfo Palombo,
  • Increasing renewable energy penetration and energy independence of island communities: A novel dynamic simulation approach for energy, economic, and environmental analysis, and optimization,Journal of Cleaner Production,Volume 311,2021,
  • 127558,ISSN 0959-6526,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127558.
  • Gökçek, T , Ateş, Y . (2019). Dağıtık Güç Üretiminin Şebekeye Entegrasyonu ve Olası Etkilerinin İncelenmesi . Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi , (15) , 216-228 . DOI: 10.31590/ejosat.521350
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.06.039.
  • Increasing renewable energy penetration and energy independence of island communities: A novel dynamic simulation approach for energy, economic, and environmental analysis, and optimization,
  • Jochen Stiasny, Thierry Zufferey, Giacomo Pareschi, Damiano Toffanin, Gabriela Hug, Konstantinos Boulouchos,Sensitivity analysis of electric vehicle impact on low-voltage distribution grids,Electric Power Systems Research,Volume 191,2021,106696,ISSN 0378-7796,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106696.
  • Journal of Cleaner Production,Volume 311,2021,127558,ISSN 0959-6526,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127558.
  • Jun Yang, Fuzhang Wu, Jun Yan, Yangjia Lin, Xiangpeng Zhan, Lei Chen, Siyang Liao, Jian Xu, Yuanzhang Sun,Charging demand analysis framework for electric vehicles considering the bounded rationality behavior of users,International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,Volume 119,2020,105952,ISSN 0142-0615,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.105952.
  • Laibao Liu, Zheng Wang, Yang Wang, Jun Wang, Rui Chang, Gang He, Wenjun Tang, Ziqi Gao, Jiangtao Li, Changyi Liu, Lin Zhao, Dahe Qin, Shuangcheng Li,Optimizing wind/solar combinations at finer scales to mitigate renewable energy variability in China,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,Volume 132,2020,110151,ISSN 1364-0321,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110151.
  • Laicane, I., Blumberga, D., Blumberga, A., Rosa, M. (2015).Evaluation of Household Electricity Savings. Analysis of Household Electricity Demand Profile and User Activities,Energy Procedia,Volume 72,2015,Pages 285-292,ISSN 1876-6102.DOI:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.06.041
  • M. Pagani, W. Korosec, N. Chokani, R.S. Abhari,User behaviour and electric vehicle charging infrastructure: An agent-based model assessment,Applied Energy,Volume 254,2019,113680,ISSN 0306-2619,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113680.
  • Maria Stefan, Jose Gutierrez, Pere Barlet, Eduardo Prieto, Oriol Gomis, Rasmus L. Olsen,(Position paper) Characterizing the Behavior of Small Producers in Smart Grids A Data Sanity Analysis,Procedia Computer Science,Volume 168,2020,Pages 224-231,ISSN 1877-0509,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.02.264.
  • Matthieu Dubarry, Arnaud Devie, Karl Stein, Moe Tun, Marc Matsuura, Richard Rocheleau,Battery Energy Storage System battery durability and reliability under electric utility grid operations: Analysis of 3 years of real usage,Journal of Power Sources,Volume 338,2017,Pages 65-73,ISSN 0378-7753,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.11.034.
  • Mohd Rizwan Khalid, Mohammad Saad Alam, Adil Sarwar, M.S. Jamil Asghar,A Comprehensive review on electric vehicles charging infrastructures and their impacts on power-quality of the utility grid,eTransportation,Volume 1,2019,100006,ISSN 2590-1168,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etran.2019.100006.
  • Muhammad Babar, Muhammad Usman Tariq, Mian Ahmad Jan,Secure and resilient demand side management engine using machine learning for IoT-enabled smart grid,Sustainable Cities and Society,Volume 62,2020,102370,ISSN 2210-6707,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102370.
  • Musa Khan, Haishun Sun, Yingmeng Xiang, Di Shi,Electric vehicles participation in load frequency control based on mixed H2/H∞,International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,Volume 125,2021,106420,ISSN 0142-0615,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106420.
  • Nadhirah O., Mohd Aifaa M.A., Ainnur Farah Izzati M.S., Muhammad Syafiq Anwar M. (2020).Estimating synthetic load profile based on student behavior using fuzzy inference system for demand side management application.DOI:10.3906/elk-1912-101
  • Nikolaos Iliopoulos, Miguel Esteban, Shogo Kudo,Assessing the willingness of residential electricity consumers to adopt demand side management and distributed energy resources: A case study on the Japanese market,Energy Policy,Volume 137,2020,111169,ISSN 0301-4215,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.111169.
  • Renault MAİS MOTORLU ARAÇLAR İMAL VE SATIŞ A.Ş. Erişim adresi: https://www.renault.com.tr/elektrikli-araclar/yeni-zoe/sarj-batarya.html
  • S. Pal, M. Kumar and R. Kumar, "Price Aware Residential Demand Response With Renewable Sources and Electric Vehicle," 2017 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE), 2017, pp. 211-214, doi: 10.1109/WIECON-ECE.2017.8468915.
  • Sen, G., Boynuegri, A.R., Uzunoglu, M. (2011). ELEKTRİKLİ ARAÇLARIN ŞARJ YÖNTEMLERİ VE ARAÇLARIN ŞEBEKEYLE BAĞLANTISINDA KARŞILAŞILAN PROBLEMLERE YÖNELİK ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ. DOI:10.13140/2.1.1956.8648.
  • Sevgi L. 2005. EMC, Güç Kalitesi ve Harmonik Analizi, Endüstri & Otomasyon Dergisi. 3. Şimşek B. 2011. Lisanssız Elektrik Üreticilerinin Elektrik Dağıtım Sistemine Bağlantı Usul ve Esasları ile ilgili Teknik Sorunlar Semineri. 4. Basa Arsoy A., Perdahçı C., 2010. Uluslararası Enerji ve Çevre Fuarı ve Konferansı (ICCI),13 Mayıs 2010, İstanbul.
  • Simona-Vasilica Oprea, Adela Bâra, Bogdan George Tudorică, Maria Irène Călinoiu, Mihai Alexandru Botezatu,Insights into demand-side management with big data analytics in electricity consumers’ behaviour,Computers & Electrical Engineering,Volume 89,2021,106902,ISSN 0045-7906,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2020.106902.
  • Türkiye Elektrik Dağıtım Anonim Şirketi[TEDAŞ]. (2021).Elektrik Tarifeleri.Erişim adresi:https://www.tedas.gov.tr/#!tedas_tarifeler.
  • Türkiye Elektrikli ve Hibrid Araçlar Derneği[TEHAD]. (2020, Temmuz). Türkiye Elektrikli Otomobil Satış Rakamları.Erişim adresi: http://tehad.org/2020/07/23/2020-ilk-6-ayinda-satilan-elektrikli-ve-hibrid-otomobil-satis-rakamlari-aciklandi/
  • Volume 147,2021,111243,ISSN 1364-0321,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111243.
  • World Meteorological Organization[WMO]. (2020).Daily ISTANBUL mean temperature.Erişim adresi:http://climexp.knmi.nl/start.cgi.
  • Yapıcı, R., Güneş, D., Yörükeren, N. (2016). ELEKTRİKLİ ŞARJ İSTASYONLARININ DAĞITIM ŞEBEKESİNE OLASI ETKİLERİ. Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi. Erişim adresi: https://www.emo.org.tr/ekler/3d19f986f385e23_ek.pdf
  • Zhu, J.G. & Islam, Md Rabiul & Hu, Jiefeng & Prasetya, S. & Zhan, Y. & Jafari, M. & Pham, H.D. & Guo, Youguang. (2015). Distributed energy resource with PEV battery energy storage in the smart grid. 10.1049/PBPO079E_ch3.

ELEKTRİKLİ TAŞITLARIN DAĞITILMIŞ ÜRETİM TABANLI ŞEBEKELER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİN ANALİZİ VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 1174 - 1199, 20.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.930456

Öz

Son yıllarda, menzil ve şarj süresinde gözlemlenen olumlu geri dönüşler, elektrikli taşıtlara olan ilgiyi arttırmıştır. Mevcut çalışmanın amacı; artan bu ilginin, elektrik şebekeleri üzerindeki etkisinin gözlemlenmesi ve karşılaşılabilecek olası sorunlara yönelik çözüm önerilerinin sunulmasıdır. Bu amaçla; modelleme için, MATLAB ortamı seçilmiş, bir yıllık zaman periyodu esas alınmış ve Sancaktepe ilçesinde (Sancaktepe, İstanbul) yer alan şebeke bölgesi modellenmiştir. Modellemeyle uyumlu olarak MATLAB ortamında kurgulanan kod aracılığıyla, farklı koşullar altında, şebeke ve transformatör davranışları gözlemlenmiştir. Gözlemler doğrultusunda elektrikli taşıtların dağıtım şebekeleri üzerindeki olası olumsuz etkilerine yönelik çözüm teklifleri sunulmuştur. Çalışmamız şebeke kararlılığının sağlanmasında, üretim ve tüketim bazlı çözümleri bir araya getirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, ‘yük öteleme metodunun’ uygulanmasının ve ‘yenilenebilir kaynaklı dağıtılmış güç üretimi sistemlerinin’ şebekeye entegrasyonunun değişen koşullarda vereceği tepki incelenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Ali Jafar-Nowdeh, Manoochehr Babanezhad, Saber Arabi-Nowdeh, Amirreza Naderipour, Hesam Kamyab, Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek, Vigna K. Ramachandaramurthy,Meta-heuristic matrix moth–flame algorithm for optimal reconfiguration of distribution networks and placement of solar and wind renewable sources considering reliability,Environmental Technology & Innovation,Volume 20,2020,101118,ISSN 2352-1864, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2020.101118.
  • Alicia Triviño-Cabrera, José A. Aguado, Sebastián de la Torre,Joint routing and scheduling for electric vehicles in smart grids with V2G,Energy,Volume 175,2019,Pages 113-122,ISSN 0360-5442,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.02.184.
  • Ambe J. Njoh,A systematic review of environmental determinants of renewable energy performance in Ethiopia: A PESTECH analysis,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,
  • Andrady, A., Aucamp, P., Austin, A., Bais, A., Ballaré, C., Barnes, P. ve Zepp, R. (2015). Environmental effects of ozone depletion and its interactions with climate change: progress report.Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 15. 141.DOI: 10.1039/c7pp90001e
  • Angel A. Bayod-Rújula,Future development of the electricity systems with distributed generation,Energy,Volume 34, Issue 3,2009,Pages 377-383,ISSN 0360-5442,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2008.12.008.
  • Ashok S., Banerjee, R.(2000).Load-management applications for the industrial sector,Applied Energy,Volume 66, Issue 2,2000,Pages 105-111,ISSN 0306-2619.DOI: 10.1016/S0306-2619(99)00125-7
  • Cindy Viviescas, Lucas Lima, Fabio A. Diuana, Eveline Vasquez, Camila Ludovique, Gabriela N. Silva, Vanessa Huback, Leticia Magalar, Alexandre Szklo, André F.P. Lucena, Roberto Schaeffer, Juan Roberto Paredes,Contribution of Variable Renewable Energy to increase energy security in Latin America: Complementarity and climate change impacts on wind and solar resources,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,Volume 113,2019,109232,ISSN 1364-0321,
  • Dahai Zhang, Chenguang Liang, Meng Li, Yiping Luo, Keao Chen, Sohrab Mirsaeidi, Jinghan He,Voltage frequency-based adaptive reclosing strategy for flexible DC power grids,International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,Volume 131,2021,107164,ISSN 0142-0615,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107164.
  • Dilmaç, Ş.,Topçu, S.,Akman, M.S. (1996) mA study of solar ultraviolet radiation at Istanbul,Energy,Volume 21, Issue 3,1996,Pages 189-195,ISSN 0360-5442.DOI:10.1016/0360-5442(95)00100-X
  • Elkhattam, Walid & Salama, M.M.A.. (2004). Distributed generation technologies, definitions and benefits. Electric Power Systems Research. 71. 119-128. 10.1016/j.epsr.2004.01.006.
  • Giovanni Barone, Annamaria Buonomano, Cesare Forzano, Giovanni Francesco Giuzio, Adolfo Palombo,
  • Increasing renewable energy penetration and energy independence of island communities: A novel dynamic simulation approach for energy, economic, and environmental analysis, and optimization,Journal of Cleaner Production,Volume 311,2021,
  • 127558,ISSN 0959-6526,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127558.
  • Gökçek, T , Ateş, Y . (2019). Dağıtık Güç Üretiminin Şebekeye Entegrasyonu ve Olası Etkilerinin İncelenmesi . Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi , (15) , 216-228 . DOI: 10.31590/ejosat.521350
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.06.039.
  • Increasing renewable energy penetration and energy independence of island communities: A novel dynamic simulation approach for energy, economic, and environmental analysis, and optimization,
  • Jochen Stiasny, Thierry Zufferey, Giacomo Pareschi, Damiano Toffanin, Gabriela Hug, Konstantinos Boulouchos,Sensitivity analysis of electric vehicle impact on low-voltage distribution grids,Electric Power Systems Research,Volume 191,2021,106696,ISSN 0378-7796,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106696.
  • Journal of Cleaner Production,Volume 311,2021,127558,ISSN 0959-6526,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127558.
  • Jun Yang, Fuzhang Wu, Jun Yan, Yangjia Lin, Xiangpeng Zhan, Lei Chen, Siyang Liao, Jian Xu, Yuanzhang Sun,Charging demand analysis framework for electric vehicles considering the bounded rationality behavior of users,International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,Volume 119,2020,105952,ISSN 0142-0615,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.105952.
  • Laibao Liu, Zheng Wang, Yang Wang, Jun Wang, Rui Chang, Gang He, Wenjun Tang, Ziqi Gao, Jiangtao Li, Changyi Liu, Lin Zhao, Dahe Qin, Shuangcheng Li,Optimizing wind/solar combinations at finer scales to mitigate renewable energy variability in China,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,Volume 132,2020,110151,ISSN 1364-0321,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110151.
  • Laicane, I., Blumberga, D., Blumberga, A., Rosa, M. (2015).Evaluation of Household Electricity Savings. Analysis of Household Electricity Demand Profile and User Activities,Energy Procedia,Volume 72,2015,Pages 285-292,ISSN 1876-6102.DOI:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.06.041
  • M. Pagani, W. Korosec, N. Chokani, R.S. Abhari,User behaviour and electric vehicle charging infrastructure: An agent-based model assessment,Applied Energy,Volume 254,2019,113680,ISSN 0306-2619,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113680.
  • Maria Stefan, Jose Gutierrez, Pere Barlet, Eduardo Prieto, Oriol Gomis, Rasmus L. Olsen,(Position paper) Characterizing the Behavior of Small Producers in Smart Grids A Data Sanity Analysis,Procedia Computer Science,Volume 168,2020,Pages 224-231,ISSN 1877-0509,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.02.264.
  • Matthieu Dubarry, Arnaud Devie, Karl Stein, Moe Tun, Marc Matsuura, Richard Rocheleau,Battery Energy Storage System battery durability and reliability under electric utility grid operations: Analysis of 3 years of real usage,Journal of Power Sources,Volume 338,2017,Pages 65-73,ISSN 0378-7753,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.11.034.
  • Mohd Rizwan Khalid, Mohammad Saad Alam, Adil Sarwar, M.S. Jamil Asghar,A Comprehensive review on electric vehicles charging infrastructures and their impacts on power-quality of the utility grid,eTransportation,Volume 1,2019,100006,ISSN 2590-1168,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etran.2019.100006.
  • Muhammad Babar, Muhammad Usman Tariq, Mian Ahmad Jan,Secure and resilient demand side management engine using machine learning for IoT-enabled smart grid,Sustainable Cities and Society,Volume 62,2020,102370,ISSN 2210-6707,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102370.
  • Musa Khan, Haishun Sun, Yingmeng Xiang, Di Shi,Electric vehicles participation in load frequency control based on mixed H2/H∞,International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,Volume 125,2021,106420,ISSN 0142-0615,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106420.
  • Nadhirah O., Mohd Aifaa M.A., Ainnur Farah Izzati M.S., Muhammad Syafiq Anwar M. (2020).Estimating synthetic load profile based on student behavior using fuzzy inference system for demand side management application.DOI:10.3906/elk-1912-101
  • Nikolaos Iliopoulos, Miguel Esteban, Shogo Kudo,Assessing the willingness of residential electricity consumers to adopt demand side management and distributed energy resources: A case study on the Japanese market,Energy Policy,Volume 137,2020,111169,ISSN 0301-4215,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.111169.
  • Renault MAİS MOTORLU ARAÇLAR İMAL VE SATIŞ A.Ş. Erişim adresi: https://www.renault.com.tr/elektrikli-araclar/yeni-zoe/sarj-batarya.html
  • S. Pal, M. Kumar and R. Kumar, "Price Aware Residential Demand Response With Renewable Sources and Electric Vehicle," 2017 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE), 2017, pp. 211-214, doi: 10.1109/WIECON-ECE.2017.8468915.
  • Sen, G., Boynuegri, A.R., Uzunoglu, M. (2011). ELEKTRİKLİ ARAÇLARIN ŞARJ YÖNTEMLERİ VE ARAÇLARIN ŞEBEKEYLE BAĞLANTISINDA KARŞILAŞILAN PROBLEMLERE YÖNELİK ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ. DOI:10.13140/2.1.1956.8648.
  • Sevgi L. 2005. EMC, Güç Kalitesi ve Harmonik Analizi, Endüstri & Otomasyon Dergisi. 3. Şimşek B. 2011. Lisanssız Elektrik Üreticilerinin Elektrik Dağıtım Sistemine Bağlantı Usul ve Esasları ile ilgili Teknik Sorunlar Semineri. 4. Basa Arsoy A., Perdahçı C., 2010. Uluslararası Enerji ve Çevre Fuarı ve Konferansı (ICCI),13 Mayıs 2010, İstanbul.
  • Simona-Vasilica Oprea, Adela Bâra, Bogdan George Tudorică, Maria Irène Călinoiu, Mihai Alexandru Botezatu,Insights into demand-side management with big data analytics in electricity consumers’ behaviour,Computers & Electrical Engineering,Volume 89,2021,106902,ISSN 0045-7906,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2020.106902.
  • Türkiye Elektrik Dağıtım Anonim Şirketi[TEDAŞ]. (2021).Elektrik Tarifeleri.Erişim adresi:https://www.tedas.gov.tr/#!tedas_tarifeler.
  • Türkiye Elektrikli ve Hibrid Araçlar Derneği[TEHAD]. (2020, Temmuz). Türkiye Elektrikli Otomobil Satış Rakamları.Erişim adresi: http://tehad.org/2020/07/23/2020-ilk-6-ayinda-satilan-elektrikli-ve-hibrid-otomobil-satis-rakamlari-aciklandi/
  • Volume 147,2021,111243,ISSN 1364-0321,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111243.
  • World Meteorological Organization[WMO]. (2020).Daily ISTANBUL mean temperature.Erişim adresi:http://climexp.knmi.nl/start.cgi.
  • Yapıcı, R., Güneş, D., Yörükeren, N. (2016). ELEKTRİKLİ ŞARJ İSTASYONLARININ DAĞITIM ŞEBEKESİNE OLASI ETKİLERİ. Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi. Erişim adresi: https://www.emo.org.tr/ekler/3d19f986f385e23_ek.pdf
  • Zhu, J.G. & Islam, Md Rabiul & Hu, Jiefeng & Prasetya, S. & Zhan, Y. & Jafari, M. & Pham, H.D. & Guo, Youguang. (2015). Distributed energy resource with PEV battery energy storage in the smart grid. 10.1049/PBPO079E_ch3.
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Elektrik Mühendisliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri \ Research Articles
Yazarlar

Baran Gülkaya 0000-0003-2152-3065

Yavuz Ateş 0000-0002-4168-0861

Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Mayıs 2021
Kabul Tarihi 16 Temmuz 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Gülkaya, B., & Ateş, Y. (2021). ELEKTRİKLİ TAŞITLARIN DAĞITILMIŞ ÜRETİM TABANLI ŞEBEKELER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİN ANALİZİ VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ. Mühendislik Bilimleri Ve Tasarım Dergisi, 9(4), 1174-1199. https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.930456