<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article         dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>jetr</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2148-8819</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Yavuz YAKUT</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                                                                                                                                            <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Fiziksel aktivite seviyesi ile konstipasyon şiddeti  arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Relationship between severity of constipation and physical activity level</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Orhan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ceren</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Akbayrak</surname>
                                    <given-names>Türkan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kaya</surname>
                                    <given-names>Serap</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kav</surname>
                                    <given-names>Taylan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kerem Günel</surname>
                                    <given-names>Mintaze</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20160723">
                    <day>07</day>
                    <month>23</month>
                    <year>2016</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>2</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>66</fpage>
                                        <lpage>73</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20160723">
                        <day>07</day>
                        <month>23</month>
                        <year>2016</year>
                    </date>
                                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013, Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Amaç: Türk popülasyonunda kronik konstipasyonu olan bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini değerlendiren ve konstipasyon şiddeti ile arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen bir çalışma yoktur. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmanın amacı, fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile konstipasyon şiddeti arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesiydi. Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya Roma III tanı kriterlerine göre kronik konstipasyon tanısı alan 79 olgu (72 kadın-7 erkek, ortalama yaş: 37.7±13.35 yıl) dahil edildi. Olguların demografik özellikleri ve detaylı tıbbi hikayeleri kaydedildi. Konstipasyon Ciddiyet Ölçeği (KCÖ) kullanılarak konstipasyon şiddeti değerlendirildi. Olguların fiziksel aktivite seviyelerini belirlemek için Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi-Kısa Form (UFAA-KF) kullanıldı. UFAA-KF’dan elde edilen veriler metabolik eşitlik (MET)xdk/hafta olarak hesaplandı. Elde edilen fiziksel aktivite puanına göre, olgular “inaktif”, “minimal aktif” ve “yeterince aktif” olarak üç gruba ayrıldı. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin kuvvetinin belirlenmesi için Spearman korelasyon katsayısı kullanıldı. Bulgular: UFAA-KF’dan elde edilen fiziksel aktivite puanı ve konstipasyon şiddeti arasında negatif yönde düşük düzeyde anlamlı bir korelasyon bulundu (r=-0.32, p=0.003). Aynı zamanda, inaktif, minimal aktif ve çok aktif fiziksel aktivite seviyesi ile konstipasyon şiddeti arasında negatif yönde düşük düzeyde anlamlı bir korelasyon vardı (r=-0.29, p=0.007). Tartışma: Bu çalışma, fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin konstipasyon şiddeti ile ilişkili olduğu gösterdi. Bu nedenle, kronik konstipasyonu olanlarda fiziksel aktivite ve egzersiz programlarının tedaviye dahil edilmesi önem kazanmaktadır. Gelecekte daha büyük örneklemlerin olduğu ve daha objektif değerlendirme yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı çalışmaların planlanması gerekmektedir</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Purpose: There is no study evaluating physical activity level in patients with chronic constipation and determining the relationship between physical activity level and severity of constipation in Turkish population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between severity of constipation and physical activity level. Methods: Seventy-nine subjects (72 females-7 males, mean age: 37.7±13.35 years) with chronic constipation based on Rome III criteria were included in this study. Demographic characteristics and detailed medical history of subjects were recorded. Severity of constipation was assessed using the Constipation Severity Instrument (CSI). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire- Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was used to determine the physical activity level of participants. Physical activity data obtained from IPAQ-SF was computed for metabolic equivalent (MET) x minutes per week. Subjects were also categorized as “inactive”, “minimally active” and “very active” according to physical activity scores. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to investigate the degree of relationship between variables. Results: A statistically significant negative low-level correlation between the physical activity score obtained between IPAQ-SF and the CSI total score (r=-0.32, p=0.003) was found. There was also a statistically significant negative low-level relationship between the physical activity class including “inactive”, “minimally active”, and “very active”, and the CSI total score (r=-0.29, p=0.007). Conclusion: According to the findings, physical activity level seems to be relevant with the severity of constipation. Therefore, adding physical activity and exercise program to the treatment in patients with chronic constipation may become important. Further study with larger sample sizes and more objective methods needs to be planned</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Konstipasyon</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Fiziksel aktivite</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Egzersiz</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Constipation</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Physical activity</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Exercise</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">1. Sandler RS, Drossman DA. Bowel habits in young adults not seeking health care. Dig Dis Sci. 1987;32:841-845.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">2. Lembo A, Camilleri M. Chronic constipation. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1360-1368.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">3. Leung L, Riutta T, Kotecha J, et al. Chronic constipation: an evidence-based review. J Am Board Fam Med. 2011;24:436-451.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">4. Uysal N, Khorshid L, Eşer İ. The identification of constipation problem in healthy young individuals. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2010;9:127- 137.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">5. Locke GR, 3rd, Pemberton JH, Phillips SF. AGA technical review on constipation. American Gastroenterological Association. Gastroenterology. 2000;119:1766-1778.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">6. Suares NC, Ford AC. Prevalence of, and risk factors for, chronic idiopathic constipation in the community: systematic review and metaanalysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011;106:1582- 1591.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">7. Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson GM. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep. 1985;100:126-131.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">8. Kim HS, Park DH, Kim JW, et al. Effectiveness of walking exercise as a bowel preparation for colonoscopy: a randomized controlled trial. Am Journal Gastroenterol. 2005;100:1964-1969.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">9. Kinnunen O. Study of constipation in a geriatric hospital, day hospital, old people&#039;s home and at home. Aging. 1991;3:161-170.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">10. Dukas L, Willett WC, Giovannucci EL. Association between physical activity, fiber intake, and other lifestyle variables and constipation in a study of women. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;98:1790-1796.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">11. Everhart JE, Go VL, Johannes RS, et al. A longitudinal survey of self-reported bowel habits in the United States. Dig Dis Sci. 1989;34:1153-1162.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">12. Meshkinpour H, Selod S, Movahedi H, et al. Effects of regular exercise in management of chronic idiopathic constipation. Dig Dis Sci. 1998;43:2379-2383.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">13. Longstreth GF, Thompson WG, Chey WD, et al. Functional bowel disorders. Gastroenterology. 2006;130:1480-1491.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">14. Varma MG, Wang JY, Berian JR, et al. The constipation severity instrument: a validated measure. Dis Colon Rectum. 2008;51:162-172.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">15. Kaya N, Turan N. Konstipasyon Ciddiyet Ölçeğinin güvenilirlik ve geçerliliği. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2011;31:1491-1501.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">16. Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjostrom M, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35:1381-1395.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">17. Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills. 2010;111:278-284.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">18. Johanson JF, Sonnenberg A, Koch TR, et al. Association of constipation with neurologic diseases. Dig Dis Sci. 1992;37:179-186.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">19. Pare P, Ferrazzi S, Thompson WG, et al. An epidemiological survey of constipation in canada: definitions, rates, demographics, and predictors of health care seeking. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96:3130-3137.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">20. Sandler RS, Jordan MC, Shelton BJ. Demographic and dietary determinants of constipation in the US population. Am J Public Health. 1990;80:185-189.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">21. Brandt LJ, Prather CM, Quigley EM, et al. Systematic review on the management of chronic constipation in North America. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005;100:Suppl 1:S5-S21.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">22. Gonenne J, Esfandyari T, Camilleri M, et al. Effect of female sex hormone supplementation and withdrawal on gastrointestinal and colonic transit in postmenopausal women. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2006;18:911-918.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">23. Wald A, Van Thiel DH, Hoechstetter L, et al. Gastrointestinal transit: the effect of the menstrual cycle. Gastroenterology. 1981;80:1497-1500.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">24. Jung HK, Kim DY, Moon IH. Effects of gender and menstrual cycle on colonic transit time in healthy subjects. Korean J Intern Med. 2003;18:181-186.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">25. Wald A, Mueller-Lissner S, Kamm MA, et al. Survey of laxative use by adults with selfdefined constipation in South America and Asia: a comparison of six countries. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010;31:274-284.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">26. Higgins PD, Johanson JF. Epidemiology of constipation in North America: a systematic review. Am Journal Gastroenterol. 2004;99:750- 759.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">27. Klauser AG, Flaschentrager J, Gehrke A, et al. Abdominal wall massage: effect on colonic function in healthy volunteers and in patients with chronic constipation. Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie. 1992;30:247-251.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">28. Donald IP, Smith RG, Cruikshank JG, et al. A study of constipation in the elderly living at home. Gerontology. 1985;31:112-118.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">29. Martin D. Physical activity benefits and risks on the gastrointestinal system. South Med J. 2011;104:831-837.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">30. Peters HP, De Vries WR, VanbergeHenegouwen GP, et al. Potential benefits and hazards of physical activity and exercise on the gastrointestinal tract. Gut. 2001;48:435-439.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">31. De Schryver AM, Keulemans YC, Peters HP, et al. Effects of regular physical activity on defecation pattern in middle-aged patients complaining of chronic constipation. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2005;40:422-429.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">32. Karam SE, Nies DM. Student/staff collaboration: a pilot bowel management program. J Gerontol Nurs. 1994;20:32-40.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">33. Sylvia LG, Bernstein EE, Hubbard JL, et al. Practical guide to measuring physical activity. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014;114:199-208.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
