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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>ankara ecz. fak. derg.</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1015-3918</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2564-6524</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Ankara Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33483/jfpau.1525060</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Medical Pharmacology</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Tıbbi Farmakoloji</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>TURKISH EXAMPLE OF PRIORITIZATION AND RESTRICTION DECISIONS IN MEDICINE ACCESS: EVALUATION BASED ON TWO INNOVATIVE DRUGS</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>İLAÇ ERİŞİMİNDE ÖNCELİKLENDİRME VE KISITLAMA KARARLARINA İLİŞKİN TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ: İKİ YENİLİKÇİ İLACA DAYALI DEĞERLENDİRME</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1309-6606</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Vural</surname>
                                    <given-names>Elif Hilal</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>LOKMAN HEKİM ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5292-1686</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kılıc</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ensar Korkut</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8655-4877</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Atikeler</surname>
                                    <given-names>Enver Kağan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7533-7949</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Gümüşel</surname>
                                    <given-names>Bülent</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>LOKMAN HEKİM ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20240910">
                    <day>09</day>
                    <month>10</month>
                    <year>2024</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>48</volume>
                                        <issue>3</issue>
                                        <fpage>1135</fpage>
                                        <lpage>1141</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20240730">
                        <day>07</day>
                        <month>30</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20240811">
                        <day>08</day>
                        <month>11</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1971, Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1971</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Objective: Drug licensing, price, and reimbursement are essential for medical access. This study examines US, EU, and Turkish reimbursement for innovative medicines and evaluates Türkiye&#039;s recent licensing and reimbursement decisions.Material and Method: Nivolumab, an anticancer medicine, and Evolocumab, a hyperlipidemia treatment, were studied. Web-based searches of FDA, EMA, and TİTCK offical websites revealed authorized indications and approval dates for chosen medications. Result and Discussion: Nivolumab has been authorized for 11 indications by the FDA and 10 by the EMA, although it is only approved for 8 in Türkiye. Evolocumab has been authorized for three indications by the FDA, three by the EMA, and two in Türkiye. Nivolumab was approved in Türkiye an average of 24.0 months after the FDA and 20.4 months after the EMA.  In Türkiye, the indications for this medicine were reimbursed 27.6 and 25.2 months later, respectively. The FDA and EMA authorized the indications for evolocumab in Türkiye 10 months and 13.2 months later, respectively. The FDA and EMA authorized evolocumab&#039;s single reimbursement indication in Türkiye after 72.0 and 74.4 months, respectively. Our investigation found that some patient groups were given priority by limiting pharmaceuticals with high budget expectations, and these prioritizing decisions were made to secure patients&#039; access to therapy.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Amaç: İlaca erişimde ilaç ruhsatlandırması, fiyatlandırması ve geri ödenmesi kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmadaki amaç; Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Avrupa Birliği ve Türkiye arasında seçilmiş yenilikçi ürünlerin geri ödeme koşullarını karşılaştırmak ve Türkiye’nin son yıllardaki ruhsat ve geri ödeme kararlarını değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada onkoloji ve hiperlipidemi tedavileri çalışma alanı olarak belirlendi. Onkoloji alanında birden fazla endikasyonu olan Nivolumab ve hiperlipidemi alanında kullanılan Evolokumab çalışma ilaçları olarak seçildi. Seçilen ilaçların onaylı endikasyonları ve endikasyon onay tarihleri web tabanlı taranan FDA, EMA ve TİTCK resmi internet sitelerinden elde edildiSonuç ve Tartışma: Nivolumabın FDA tarafından 11, EMA tarafından 10 endikasyonu onaylıyken, Türkiye&#039;de 8 endikasyonu onaylıdır. Evolokumabın FDA tarafından 3, EMA tarafından 3 endikasyonu onaylıyken, Türkiye&#039;de 2 endikasyonu onaylıdır. Nivolumabın, Türkiye’de ruhsat alması, ortalama FDA’den 24.0 ve EMA’dan 20.4 ay sonra gerçekleşmiştir. Bu ilacın endikasyonlarının Türkiye&#039;de geri ödenmesi de sırasıyla 27.6 ve 25.2 ay sonra gerçekleşmiştir. Evolokumab&#039;ın Türkiye&#039;deki endikasyonları FDA ve EMA&#039;dan sırasıyla 10 ay ve 13.2 ay sonra onaylanmıştır. Evolokumab&#039;ın Türkiye&#039;de geri ödenen tek endikasyonu, FDA ve EMA tarafından onaylandıktan sonra sırasıyla 72.0 ve 74.4 ay sonra ödemeye girmiştir.Çalışmamızda incelenen ilaçlar üzerinden bütçe beklentisi yüksek olan ilaçlara yapılan kısıtlamalarla belirli hasta gruplarına öncelik verilmiş olduğu ve bu önceliklendirme kararları ile hastaların tedaviye erişimi sağlanmaya çalışıldığı görülmektedir.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Drug access</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  innovative drugs</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  licensing</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  reimbursement</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Geri ödeme</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  ilaç erişimi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  ruhsatlandırma</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  yenilikçi ilaçlar</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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