An Investigatıon of the Adaptation, Physical Activity and Nutrition Habits of First-Year University Students in Online Education

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 184 - 194, 31.10.2024

Hülya Yılmaz Önal , Fulya İlayda Alınlı , Yusuf Yavuz , Enes Tekeli , Kardelen Yoldaş , Müveddet Emel Alphan

https://doi.org/10.57224/jhpr.1462330

Öz

Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has instigated a profound transformation in the education sector, ushering in comprehensive changes from students' learning habits to the functioning of educational institutions. This study aims to evaluate the adaptations, nutritional habits, and physical activities of first-year university students following the transition to online education.

Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted between April and May 2021, was carried out online with a total of 275 participants. The data collection process involved the utilization of a personal information form developed by the researchers in light of the literature, as well as the Mediterranean Diet Score and University Life Scale.

Results: There was no significant difference observed in the Mediterranean diet score and body weight during the university period compared to the pre-university period (p > 0.05). Students living with their families at home demonstrated higher emotional and academic adaptation scores, and those engaging in exercise exhibited significantly higher scores in social adaptation.

Conclusion: The pandemic period and the online education process influenced students' supplement usage and dietary habits, but there was no significant change in the exercise participation rate. Furthermore, it was determined that the adjustment to university life, living situation with family, and engagement in exercise had a significant impact on social adaptation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, Mediterranean diet, physical activity

Üniversite 1. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Online Eğitime Bağlı Adaptasyon, Fiziksel Aktivite Ve Beslenme Alışkanlıklarının İncelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: COVID-19 pandemisi, eğitim sektöründe köklü bir dönüşümü tetikleyerek, öğrencilerin öğrenme alışkanlıklarından, eğitim kurumlarının işleyişine kadar geniş kapsamlı değişikliklere yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma, üniversitede öğrenim gören 1. sınıf öğrencilerinin online eğitime geçişinin ardından adaptasyon, beslenme ve fiziksel aktivitelerindeki değişiklikleri değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Nisan-Mayıs 2021 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilen bu tanımlayıcı kesitsel çalışma, toplam 275 kişi üzerinde çevrimiçi olarak yürütülmüştür. Verilerin toplanmasında, yürütücü ve araştırmacılar tarafından literatür bilgisi ışığında geliştirilen kişisel bilgi formu, Akdeniz Diyet Skoru, Üniversite Yaşam Ölçeği kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Üniversite döneminde Akdeniz diyet skoru ve vücut ağırlığı, üniversite öncesi dönemle karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir fark göstermemiştir (p>0.05). Evde aileyle yaşayan öğrencilerin duygusal ve akademik uyum puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu, ayrıca egzersiz yapanların sosyal uyum puanlarının anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Pandemi dönemi ve online eğitim süreci, öğrencilerin takviye kullanımı ve beslenme alışkanlıkları üzerinde etkili olmuş, ancak egzersiz yapma oranında önemli bir değişiklik görülmemiştir. Ayrıca, üniversite yaşamına uyum, aileyle yaşama durumu ve egzersiz yapmanın sosyal uyum üzerinde anlamlı etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Akdeniz diyeti, COVİD-19, Fiziksel aktivite

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Teşekkür

Proje desteği veren TÜBİTAK’a ve çalışmaya katılan tüm katılımcılara teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

• Lu H, Stratton CW, Tang YW. Out-break of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China: The mystery and the miracle. Journal of medical virology. 2020;92(4):401-2.
• WHO. WHO Director-General’s re-marks at the media briefing on 2019-nCoV on 11 February 2020. 2020.
• WHO. WHO timeline-Covid-19. 2020. 2020.
• Ahmed HO. The impact of social dis-tancing and self-isolation in the last corona COVID-19 outbreak on the body weight in Sulaimani governorate-Kurdistan/Iraq, a pro-spective case series study. Annals of medicine and surgery. 2020;59:110-7.
• Błaszczyk-Bębenek E, Jagielski P, Bolesławska I, Jagielska A, Nitsch-Osuch A, Kawalec P. Nutrition behaviors in Polish adults before and during COVID-19 lock-down. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):3084.
• Al-Rahmi WM, Yahaya N, Alturki U, Alrobai A, Aldraiweesh AA, Omar Alsayed A, et al. Social media–based collaborative learn-ing: The effect on learning success with the moderating role of cyberstalking and cyberbul-lying. Interactive Learning Environments. 2020:1-14.
• Selvanathan M, Hussin NAM, Azazi NAN. Students learning experiences during COVID-19: Work from home period in Malay-sian Higher Learning Institutions. Teaching Public Administration. 2020:0144739420977900.
• Bayham J, Fenichel EP. Impact of school closures for COVID-19 on the US health-care workforce and net mortality: a modelling study. The Lancet Public Health. 2020;5(5):e271-e8.
• Wang G, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Zhang J, Jiang F. Mitigate the effects of home con-finement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet. 2020;395(10228):945-7.
• Jeffery KA, Bauer CF. Students’ re-sponses to emergency remote online teaching reveal critical factors for all teaching. Journal of Chemical Education. 2020;97(9):2472-85.
• Whalen J. Should teachers be trained in emergency remote teaching? Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic. Jour-nal of Technology and Teacher Education. 2020;28(2):189-99.
• Shim TE, Lee SY. College students’ experience of emergency remote teaching due to COVID-19. Children and youth services review. 2020;119:105578.
• Mazıcıoğlu MM, Öztürk A. Dietary habits and influencing factors in university students at 3rd and 4th grades. Erciyes Medi-cal Journal. 2003;25(4):172-8.
• DeJong CS, van Lenthe FJ, van der Horst K, Oenema A. Environmental and cog-nitive correlates of adolescent breakfast con-sumption. Preventive medicine. 2009;48(4):372-7.
• Manifold BM. Bone mineral density in children from anthropological and clinical sciences: a review. AnthropologicAl review. 2014;77(2):111-35.
• Pelletier JE, Graham DJ, Laska MN. Social norms and dietary behaviors among young adults. American journal of health behavior. 2014;38(1):144-52.
• Chen P, Mao L, Nassis GP, Harmer P, Ainsworth BE, Li F. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of sport and health science. 2020;9(2):103-4.
• Muscogiuri G, Barrea L, Savastano S, Colao A. Nutritional recommendations for CoVID-19 quarantine. European journal of clinical nutrition. 2020;74(6):850-1.
• Maiz E, Balluerka N. Nutritional sta-tus and Mediterranean diet quality among Spanish children and adolescents with food neophobia. Food Quality and Preference. 2016;52:133-42.
• Atkins JL, Whincup PH, Morris RW, Lennon LT, Papacosta O, Wannamethee SG. High diet quality is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in older men. The Journal of nutri-tion. 2014;144(5):673-80.
• Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Ad-herence to Mediterranean diet and risk of can-cer: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies. International journal of cancer. 2014;135(8):1884-97.
• Lee I-M, Shiroma EJ, Lobelo F, Puska P, Blair SN, Katzmarzyk PT, et al. Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. The lancet. 2012;380(9838):219-29.
• Kwan MY, Cairney J, Faulkner GE, Pullenayegum EE. Physical activity and other health-risk behaviors during the transition into early adulthood: a longitudinal cohort study. American journal of preventive medi-cine. 2012;42(1):14-20.
• López-Valenciano A, Suárez-Iglesias D, Sanchez-Lastra MA, Ayán C. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on university students' physical activity levels: an early systematic review. Frontiers in psychology. 2021:3787.
• Pengpid S, Peltzer K, Kassean HK, Tsala Tsala JP, Sychareun V, Müller-Riemenschneider F. Physical inactivity and associated factors among university students in 23 low-, middle-and high-income countries. International journal of public health. 2015;60(5):539-49.
• Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Stef-anadis C. Dietary patterns: a Mediterranean diet score and its relation to clinical and bio-logical markers of cardiovascular disease risk. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2006;16(8):559-68.
• Aladağ M, Kağnıcı DY, Tuna ME, Tezer E. Üniversite yaşamı ölçeği: Ölçek geliştirme ve yapı geçerliği üzerine bir çalışma. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehber-lik Dergisi. 2003;2(20):41-7.
• Jayawardena R, Sooriyaarachchi P, Chourdakis M, Jeewandara C, Ranasinghe P. Enhancing immunity in viral infections, with special emphasis on COVID-19: A review. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2020;14(4):367-82.
• Sağır GŞ, Yurttagül SM, Kıratlı B. Üniversite öğrencilerinin beslenme du-rumlarının Akdeniz diyet kalite indeksi ile değerlendirilmesi. Zeugma.2(3):98-106.
• Gümüş AB, Yardımcı H. Üniversite öğrencilerinin günlük besin ögesi alımlarının Akdeniz diyeti kalite indeksi (KIDMED) ile ilişkisi. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilim-leri Dergisi. 2020;6(2):167-73.
• Schröder H, Mendez MA, Gomez SF, Fíto M, Ribas L, Aranceta J, et al. Energy density, diet quality, and central body fat in a nationwide survey of young Spaniards. Nutri-tion. 2013;29(11-12):1350-5.
• Legido-Quigley H, Mateos-García JT, Campos VR, Gea-Sánchez M, Muntaner C, McKee M. The resilience of the Spanish health system against the COVID-19 pandem-ic. The lancet public health. 2020;5(5):e251-e2.
• Zurita-Ortega F, Román-Mata S, Chacón-Cuberos R, Castro-Sánchez M, Muros JJ. Adherence to the mediterranean diet is associated with physical activity, self-concept and sociodemographic factors in university student. Nutrients. 2018;10(8):966.
• Esteban-Cornejo I, Izquierdo-Gomez R, Gómez-Martínez S, Padilla-Moledo C, Castro-Piñero J, Marcos A, et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and academic perfor-mance in youth: the UP&DOWN study. Eu-ropean journal of nutrition. 2016;55(3):1133-40.
• Mamplekou E, Bountziouka V, Psal-topoulou T, Zeimbekis A, Tsakoundakis N, Papaerakleous N, et al. Urban environment, physical inactivity and unhealthy dietary hab-its correlate to depression among elderly living in eastern Mediterranean islands: the MEDIS (MEDiterranean ISlands Elderly) study. The journal of nutrition, health & aging. 2010;14(6):449-55.
• Esposito K, Maiorino M, Di Palo C, Giugliano D, Group CPHS. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and glycaemic control in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic medicine. 2009;26(9):900-7.
• Briggs AR, Clark J, Hall I. Building bridges: understanding student transition to university. Quality in higher education. 2012;18(1):3-21.
• Bülbül T, Güvendir MA. Üniversite birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin yükseköğretim yaşamına uyum düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Eğitim Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2014;4(1):397-418.
• Aristovnik A, Keržič D, Ravšelj D, Tomaževič N, Umek L. Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on life of higher educa-tion students: A global perspective. Sustainability. 2020;12(20):8438.
• Chacón Cuberos R, Zurita Ortega F, Castro Sánchez M, Espejo Garcés T, Martínez Martínez A, Lucena Zurita M. Análisis descriptivo del consumo de sustancias nocivas, adhesión a la dieta mediterránea y tipo de residencia en estudiantes universitarios de Granada. Revista complutense de educación. 2017;28(3):823-37.
• Gürel S, Ok MA. COVID-19 salgın sürecinin, sağlık eğitimi alan öğrencilerin beslenme alışkanlıkları, fiziksel aktivite ve vücut ağırlıkları üzerine etkisinin saptanması. Başkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi-BÜSBİD. 2021;6(Özel Sayı):1-15.
• Ercan Ş, Keklicek H. COVID-19 pandemisi nedeniyle üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerindeki değişimin incelenmesi. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2020;5(2):69-74.
• Hootman KC, Guertin KA, Cassano PA. Stress and psychological constructs relat-ed to eating behavior are associated with an-thropometry and body composition in young adults. Appetite. 2018;125:287-94.
• Lee E, Kim Y. Effect of university students’ sedentary behavior on stress, anxie-ty, and depression. Perspectives in psychiatric care. 2019;55(2):164-9.
• Plotnikoff RC, Costigan SA, Williams RL, Hutchesson MJ, Kennedy SG, Robards SL, et al. Effectiveness of interventions tar-geting physical activity, nutrition and healthy weight for university and college students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2015;12(1):1-10.
• Paz M, Del Río R, De B, Silleras M, Enciso L, Marugán De Miguelsanz J. Trabajo Original Otros Ingesta dietética y adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios en función de la práctica deportiva Dietary intake and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a group of university students depending on the sports practice. Nutr Hosp Nutr Hosp Hosp [Internet]. 2016;3333(5):1172-8.
• López G, González S, Díaz A. Level of habitual physical activity in children and ado-lescents from the Region of Murcia (Spain). SpringerPlus, 5 (1), 386. 2016. p. 1-6.
• Pinel C, Chacón R, Castro M, Espejo T, Zurita F, Cortés A. Differences between gender in relation with Body Mass Index, diet quality and sedentary activies on children from 10 to 12 year. Retos. 2017;31:176-80.