Research Article
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The relationship between the levels of knowledge about monkeypox virus among parents coming to the pediatric outpatient clinic and their anxiety and fear of contamination/infection levels

Year 2026, Volume: 9 Issue: 1 , 201 - 207 , 05.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1820246
https://izlik.org/JA35GX88EB

Abstract

Aims: In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between the knowledge levels of parents who applied to the pediatric outpatient clinic about monkeypox virus and their anxiety and fear regarding contamination/infection.
Methods: The study was conducted in the pediatric outpatient clinic of Yalova Training and Research Hospital between May 15 and July 15, 2024. Necessary institutional permissions were obtained before starting the study. The research data consisted of a 19-item socio-demographic information form, Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS) and Fear of Infection/Contamination Scale (FICS) questions created by the researchers. The obtained data were analyzed in the SPSS 22.0 program.
Results: The majority of the parents participating in the study were between the ages of 30-39 (47.7%), and the majority were women (73.2%). When evaluated according to education level, 30% of the participants were high school graduates, and 29.5% had a bachelor's degree or higher. The majority were married (87.7%), and 53.6% were unemployed. 61.8% lived in the city center, 55.9% had equal incomes and expenses, the average number of people living in the house was 4.09±1.12, and the average number of children was 2.06±0.98. 93.6% of the participants stated that they had not received training on the monkeypox virus, 90.9% had heard of this virus, and 45.9% knew the ways the virus was transmitted. However, 64.5% of parents did not know whether the monkeypox virus was fatal or not, 64.5% reported that they were afraid of this virus, but 51.8% did not take any precautions. It was determined that the average BAS score of parents regarding monkeypox was at a mild anxiety level and their FICS was high. No significant correlation was found between anxiety levels and fear of contamination/infection, as assessed by the BAS and FICS scores (r=−0.091, p=0.179).
Conclusion: In our study, it was determined that the average BAS score of families regarding monkeypox virus disease was at a mild anxiety level, and the FICS was high according to the average BAS score. It was also observed that parents did not receive education about monkeypox virus disease, did not know whether this disease was fatal or not, most of them were afraid of this disease and did not take any precautions for protection.

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval for the study was obtained from the Yalova University Ethics Committees Coordination Office Health Sciences Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Protocol No: 2024/247).

Supporting Institution

No

Project Number

No

Thanks

We would like to thank the Yalova Education and Research Hospital Child Health and Diseases, specialist physicians, and medical secretary/data entry staff for their support during the data collection phase.

References

  • Walker PJ, Siddell SG, Lefkowitz EJ, et al. Recent changes to virus taxonomy ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2022). Arch Virol. 2022;167(11):2429-2440. doi: 10.1007/s007 05-022-05516-5
  • Magnus PV, Andersen EK, Petersen KB, et al. A pox-like disease in cynomolgus monkeys. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1959;46:156. doi:10. 1111/j.1699-0463.1959.tb00328.x
  • Parker S, Buller RM. A review of experimental and natural infections of animals with monkeypox virus between 1958 and 2012. Future Virol. 20 13;8(2):129-157. doi:10.2217/fvl.12.130
  • Nalca A, Rimoin AW, Bavari S, Whitehouse CA. Reemergence of monkeypox: prevalence, diagnostics, and countermeasures. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41(12):1765-1771. doi:10.1086/498155
  • Schuster-Bruce C, Gal S. How do monkeypox symptoms compare to smallpox and chickenpox? Insider. 2022. Hagen A. Monkeypox: When to test and what to do if exposed? ASM. 2022.
  • Barnes AH, Smith C, Dash A, et al. Mpox: Special considerations in patients with compromised immune systems. Curr Treat Options Infect Dis. 2022;14(4):1-24. doi:10.1007/s40506-022-00260-5
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clinical diagnosis: key features to identify Mpox. 2023.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Update: multistate outbreak of monkeypox--Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003;52(27):642-646.
  • Reed KD, Melski JW, Graham MB, et al. The detection of monkeypox in humans in the Western Hemisphere. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(4):342-350. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa032299
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Multistate outbreak of monkeypox-illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003;52(23):537-540.
  • World Health Organization. Endemik olmayan ülkelerde çok uluslu maymun çiçeği salgını. 2022.
  • Reynolds MG, McCollum AM, Nguete B, Shongo Lushima R, Petersen BW. Improving the care and treatment of monkeypox patients in low-resource settings: applying evidence from contemporary biomedical and smallpox biodefense research. Viruses. 2017;9(12):380. doi:10.3390/v9120380
  • Ulusoy M, Şahin NH, Erkmen H. Beck Anksiyete Ölçeğinin Türkçe versiyonu: psikometrik özellikler. J Cogn Psychother Int Q. 1998;12(2): 163-172.
  • Koç A, Bilgehan T. Bulaşma/bulaştırma korkusu ölçeği: bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Turk Hem Der Derg. 2021;2(2):14-26.
  • World Health Organization Vaccines and immunization for monkeypox: Updated interim guidance, 24 August 2022.
  • Çelik M, Acar U, Akgül F, et al. COVID-19 pandemisi sonrası maymun çiçeği (mpox) salgını tehdidi: sağlık profesyonelleri yeni psikolojik savaşlara hazır mı?. J Contemp Med. 2023;13(5):966-974.
  • Temsah MH, Aljamaan F, Alenezi S, et al. Monkeypox caused less worry than COVID-19 among the general population during the first month of the WHO Monkeypox alert: experience from Saudi Arabia. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2022;49:102426. doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102426
  • Nolen LD, Osadebe L, Katomba J, et al. Extended human-to-human transmission during a monkeypox outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(6):1014-1021. doi:10.3201/eid22 06.150579
  • Garfin DR, Holman EA, Fischhoff B, Wong-Parodi G, Silver RC. Media exposure, risk perceptions, and fear: Americans' behavioral responses to the Ebola public health crisis. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2022;77:103059. doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103059
  • McLaughlin KA, Garrad MC, Somerville LH. What develops during emotional development? A component process approach to identifying sources of psychopathology risk in adolescence. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015;17(4):403-410. doi:10.31887/DCNS.2015.17.4/kmclaughlin
  • McLean CP, Asnaani A, Litz BT, Hofmann SG. Gender differences in anxiety disorders: prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness. J Psychiatr Res. 2011;45(8):1027-1035. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires. 2011.03.006
  • Farhane-Medina NZ, Luque B, Tabernero C, Castillo-Mayén R. Factors associated with gender and sex differences in anxiety prevalence and comorbidity: a systematic review. Sci Prog. 2022;105(4):368504221135469. doi:10.1177/00368504221135469
  • Kudielka BM, Kirschbaum C. Sex differences in HPA axis responses to stress: a review. Biol Psychol. 2005;69(1):113-132. doi:10.1016/j.biopsy cho.2004.11.009
  • Pfefferbaum B, North CS. Mental health and the COVID-19 pandemic. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(6):510-512. doi:10.1056/NEJMp2008017

Pediatri polikliniğine gelen ebeveynlerin maymun çiçeği virüsü hakkında bilgi düzeylerinin aksiyete ve bulaşma/bulaştırma korku düzeyleri ile ilişkisi

Year 2026, Volume: 9 Issue: 1 , 201 - 207 , 05.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1820246
https://izlik.org/JA35GX88EB

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada amaç pediatri polikliniğine gelen ebeveynlerin maymun çiçeği virüsü hakkında bilgi düzeylerinin aksiyete ve bulaşma/bulaştırma korku düzeyleri ile ilişkisini incelemektir.
Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışma 15 Mayıs-15 Temmuz 2024 arası XXX Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi (XAEH) pediatri polikliniğinde yürütüldü. Çalışmaya başlamadan önce gerekli kurum izinleri alındı. Araştırma verileri araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan 19 soruluk sosyodemografik bilgi formu, Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) ve ulaşma/bulaştırma korkusu ölçeği (BBKÖ) sorularından oluştu. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 programında analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan ebeveynlerin büyük bir kısmı 30-39 yaş aralığında (%47.7) olup, çoğunluğu kadınlardan (%73.2) oluşmaktaydı. Eğitim düzeyine göre değerlendirildiğinde, katılımcıların %30’u lise mezunu, %29.5’i ise lisans ve üzeri eğitime sahip ebeveynlerdi. Çoğunluğu evli (%87.7) olup, %53.6’sı çalışmamaktaydı. %61.8’i şehir merkezinde yaşamakta, %55.9’unun gelirleri giderleriyle eşit, evde yaşayan ortalama kişi sayısı 4.09±1.12 olup ortalama çocuk sayısının 2.06±0.98 olduğu belirlendi. Katılımcıların %93.6’sı maymun çiçeği virüsü hakkında eğitim almadığını, %90.9’u bu virüsü duyduğunu, %45.9’u virüsün bulaşma yollarını bildiğini belirtti. Bununla birlikte ebeveynlerin %64.5’i maymun çiçeği virüsünün ölümcül olup olmadığını bilmemekte, %64.5’i bu virüsten korktuğunu, ancak %51.8’i herhangi bir önlem almadığını bildirdi. Ebeveynlerin maymun çiçeği hastalığıyla ilgili BAÖ puanı ortalamasının 11.96±11.95 olduğu ve hafif anksiyete düzeyinde oldukları, BBKÖ puanı ortalamasının ise 92.72±18.44 olduğu ve bulaşma/bulaştırma korkusunun yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda ailelerin maymun çiçeği virüsü hastalığıyla ilgili BAÖ puanı ortalamasının hafif anksiyete düzeyinde olduğu, BBKÖ puanı ortalamasınına göre bulaşma/bulaştırma korkusunun yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca ebeveynlerin maymun çiçeği virüsü hastalığıyla ilgili eğitim almadıkları, bu hastalığın ölümcül olup olmadığını bilmedikleri, çoğunluğunun bu hastalıktan korktuğu ve korunmada herhangi bir önlem almadıkları görülmüştür. Ebeveynlerin maymun çiçeği virüsü hastalığıyla ilgili farkındalığını artırmaya yönelik eğitim programlarının geliştirilmesi gerektiği düşünülmüştür.

Ethical Statement

Çalışma için Yalova Üniversitesi Etik Kurullar Koordinatörlüğü Sağlık Bilimleri Girişimsel Olmayan Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan etik kurul onayı alındı ​​(Protokol No: 2024/247).

Supporting Institution

yoktur

Project Number

No

Thanks

Veri toplama aşamasında bize destek olan Yalova Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı'na, uzman hekimlere ve tıbbi sekreter/veri giriş personeline teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • Walker PJ, Siddell SG, Lefkowitz EJ, et al. Recent changes to virus taxonomy ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2022). Arch Virol. 2022;167(11):2429-2440. doi: 10.1007/s007 05-022-05516-5
  • Magnus PV, Andersen EK, Petersen KB, et al. A pox-like disease in cynomolgus monkeys. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1959;46:156. doi:10. 1111/j.1699-0463.1959.tb00328.x
  • Parker S, Buller RM. A review of experimental and natural infections of animals with monkeypox virus between 1958 and 2012. Future Virol. 20 13;8(2):129-157. doi:10.2217/fvl.12.130
  • Nalca A, Rimoin AW, Bavari S, Whitehouse CA. Reemergence of monkeypox: prevalence, diagnostics, and countermeasures. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41(12):1765-1771. doi:10.1086/498155
  • Schuster-Bruce C, Gal S. How do monkeypox symptoms compare to smallpox and chickenpox? Insider. 2022. Hagen A. Monkeypox: When to test and what to do if exposed? ASM. 2022.
  • Barnes AH, Smith C, Dash A, et al. Mpox: Special considerations in patients with compromised immune systems. Curr Treat Options Infect Dis. 2022;14(4):1-24. doi:10.1007/s40506-022-00260-5
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clinical diagnosis: key features to identify Mpox. 2023.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Update: multistate outbreak of monkeypox--Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003;52(27):642-646.
  • Reed KD, Melski JW, Graham MB, et al. The detection of monkeypox in humans in the Western Hemisphere. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(4):342-350. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa032299
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Multistate outbreak of monkeypox-illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003;52(23):537-540.
  • World Health Organization. Endemik olmayan ülkelerde çok uluslu maymun çiçeği salgını. 2022.
  • Reynolds MG, McCollum AM, Nguete B, Shongo Lushima R, Petersen BW. Improving the care and treatment of monkeypox patients in low-resource settings: applying evidence from contemporary biomedical and smallpox biodefense research. Viruses. 2017;9(12):380. doi:10.3390/v9120380
  • Ulusoy M, Şahin NH, Erkmen H. Beck Anksiyete Ölçeğinin Türkçe versiyonu: psikometrik özellikler. J Cogn Psychother Int Q. 1998;12(2): 163-172.
  • Koç A, Bilgehan T. Bulaşma/bulaştırma korkusu ölçeği: bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Turk Hem Der Derg. 2021;2(2):14-26.
  • World Health Organization Vaccines and immunization for monkeypox: Updated interim guidance, 24 August 2022.
  • Çelik M, Acar U, Akgül F, et al. COVID-19 pandemisi sonrası maymun çiçeği (mpox) salgını tehdidi: sağlık profesyonelleri yeni psikolojik savaşlara hazır mı?. J Contemp Med. 2023;13(5):966-974.
  • Temsah MH, Aljamaan F, Alenezi S, et al. Monkeypox caused less worry than COVID-19 among the general population during the first month of the WHO Monkeypox alert: experience from Saudi Arabia. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2022;49:102426. doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102426
  • Nolen LD, Osadebe L, Katomba J, et al. Extended human-to-human transmission during a monkeypox outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(6):1014-1021. doi:10.3201/eid22 06.150579
  • Garfin DR, Holman EA, Fischhoff B, Wong-Parodi G, Silver RC. Media exposure, risk perceptions, and fear: Americans' behavioral responses to the Ebola public health crisis. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2022;77:103059. doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103059
  • McLaughlin KA, Garrad MC, Somerville LH. What develops during emotional development? A component process approach to identifying sources of psychopathology risk in adolescence. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015;17(4):403-410. doi:10.31887/DCNS.2015.17.4/kmclaughlin
  • McLean CP, Asnaani A, Litz BT, Hofmann SG. Gender differences in anxiety disorders: prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness. J Psychiatr Res. 2011;45(8):1027-1035. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires. 2011.03.006
  • Farhane-Medina NZ, Luque B, Tabernero C, Castillo-Mayén R. Factors associated with gender and sex differences in anxiety prevalence and comorbidity: a systematic review. Sci Prog. 2022;105(4):368504221135469. doi:10.1177/00368504221135469
  • Kudielka BM, Kirschbaum C. Sex differences in HPA axis responses to stress: a review. Biol Psychol. 2005;69(1):113-132. doi:10.1016/j.biopsy cho.2004.11.009
  • Pfefferbaum B, North CS. Mental health and the COVID-19 pandemic. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(6):510-512. doi:10.1056/NEJMp2008017
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Infant and Child Health, Community Child Health
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Taner Adıgüzel 0009-0007-2847-3941

Gülsüm Kaya 0000-0003-2517-5512

Bahriye Semizoğlu Atasoy 0000-0003-4089-1752

Vefik Arıca 0000-0002-2080-4677

Project Number No
Submission Date November 9, 2025
Acceptance Date December 28, 2025
Publication Date January 5, 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1820246
IZ https://izlik.org/JA35GX88EB
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA 1.Adıgüzel T, Kaya G, Semizoğlu Atasoy B, Arıca V. The relationship between the levels of knowledge about monkeypox virus among parents coming to the pediatric outpatient clinic and their anxiety and fear of contamination/infection levels. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. 2026;9(1):201-207. doi:10.32322/jhsm.1820246

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